SU595439A1 - Non-woven material - Google Patents

Description

one

The invention relates to the field of building materials, namely, non-woven materials based on artificial mineral fibers, intended for use as a basis for the manufacture of soft roofing, heat, sound and waterproofing materials, as well as filters.

Limes are non-woven materials based on artificial mineral fibers, namely staple glass fibers, used to make the base of soft roofing, heat and sound insulating materials 1.

The disadvantage of these materials is that they have relatively small amounts of strength and elasticity.

Of the existing domestic non-woven materials based on artificial mineral fibers bonded with a polycoid-bonded binder used as an axle for the manufacture of roofing materials, fiberglass is known, consisting of staple fiberglass made by the method of air stretching. This fiberglass is produced by the method of dry molding 2.

However, the strength and elasticity, the absorption capacity and the retention of the impregnating substances of this material are small, which results in roofing,

low quality heat insulating materials. These deficiencies are caused both by the appearance, quality, and mutual disposition of the artificial myeral fiber used, and by the method of its production.

The aim of the invention is to create a nonwoven material with improved quality indicators, i.e., with increased strength, elasticity and absorbency compared with known materials.

This is achieved by the fact that the material additionally contains at least one more fibrous layer of straight straight fiber segments of uniform thickness, while the staple mineral fibers of the base layer are randomly arranged fibers of uneven thickness.

The quantitative ratio of fibers in alternating layers is, weight. %: Twisted randomly arranged fiber of uneven thickness30-70

Linear fiber prints

uniform thickness30-70

In addition, nonwovens can

have an extra layer of natural

asbestos mineral fibers, which are introduced by changing the quantitative composition of the crimped irregularly arranged fibers of uneven thickness and lengths of lightning fiber nr uniform thickness in alternating layers.

, the quantitative ratio of fibers in alternating layers in this case is cocTaiwisier, weight. %;

Independently randomly laid out fiber of irregular thickness35-45 Nr sections of linear fiber

uniform thickness45-55

Asbestos fibers5-15

Straight glass fibers and staple basalt fibers with diameters from 2 to 12 microns, length from 20 to 80 mm can be used as irregularly distributed fibers of irregular thickness, and stained gelatin continuous basalt fiber and stained glass This fiber has a diameter of 8 to 11 microns and a length of 3 to 15 mm.

This non-woven material is produced by wet-forming from an aqueous suspension of fibers in a Tina papermaking machine.

Mine castings were carried out under laboratory conditions using fiberglass as artificial mineral fiber, and post-spinning centrifugal-blown (CPD) fiberglass and stapled continuous fiberglass,

After extraction, the fibers intended for extraction are crushed and dispersed in a disintegrant at a concentration of 0.03-0.05 7 °, each type of fiber separately. Surfactants were used to speed up the dissolution. From the obtained masses, layers of mineral canvas were cast on a sheet-cutting apparatus on metal single meshes. The fabricated layers were superimposed on each other and the simultaneous impregnation of all the layers of the base with the previously prepared binder was carried out. After applying the binder, the finished sample was subjected to heat treatment, which was carried out in two ethanes: moisture was evaporated in an electric heating; heated the sample to 160–180 ° C in order to polycondensate the binder.

The finished material was tested to determine its physical and mechanical properties.

It is possible to obtain two-, three-, four-layer and more mineral canvases made by the proposed method. However, for industrial purposes, it is advisable to obtain two-, three-, four-layer mineral canvases. A further increase in the number of layers of mineral canvases is impractical because it does not improve the properties of the material and leads to the complication of the process equipment.

The layered structure of the proposed material makes it possible to obtain a good quality mineral canvas containing up to 70% staple CPD glass fiber, which is impossible with a different structure of the mineral canvas. An increase in the relative content / can of staple CFD fiberglass causes the IRP to retain quality indicators to reduce its cost, since the cost of 1 kg of spinning CFD fiberglass does not exceed 40% of the cost of 1 kg of continuous fiberglass.

The optimal content of staple CPD fiberglass in mineral canvas and continuous stapled fiberglass is 40-60% of each.

The addition of a layer of asbestos fiber to the composition allows, in addition to cheapening the product while maintaining high quality indicators (the cost of 1 kg of asbestos fiber is 10-20% of the cost of 1 kg of continuous fiberglass), but to obtain a new canvas of high strength.

The use of the wet molding method H03BOviHT significantly increases the production of mineral canvases, which can be illustrated by the following comparison: one line

wet molding with a web width of 3000 mm produces 125 million m per year of fiberglass, while the modern dry molding line, due to its characteristic features, has a web width of 1000 mm and

produces 11 million m-year.

Claims (4)

1. Netting material containing fibrous canvas from staple mineral fibers bonded with a polycondensed binder, characterized in that, in order to improve its quality, it additionally contains at least one more fibrous layer from straight fiber segments of uniform thickness, while staple The mineral fibers of the base layer are irregularly crimped, randomly arranged fibers of uneven thickness. 2. Non-woven material according to claim 1, characterized in that centrifugal-spun-and-blown fiberglass in an amount of from 30 to 70% by weight of the material is used as irregularly crimped irregular thickness fiber, and segments of uniform thickness are straight lines of straight fiber continuous fiberglass in an amount of from 30 to 70% by weight of the material. 3. The woven material of claim 1, characterized in that it has an additional layer of asbestos fibers. 4. The woven material according to claim 3, characterized in that it contains centrifugal spunblasto-blown glass fibers in an amount of from 35 to 45% by weight of the material, lengths of continuous glass fibers in an amount from 45 to 55% by weight of material and asbestos fibers in an amount from 5 to 15% by weight of material. 5 Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. UK patent number 1331482, cl. D 2A, 1973. 6 2. Non-woven material - fiberglass, manufactured by the Saratov glass factory according to TU No. 21-23-3-68, 1968.