SU56095A1 - The method of obtaining complex fertilizers - Google Patents
The method of obtaining complex fertilizersInfo
- Publication number
- SU56095A1 SU56095A1 SU14795A SU14795A SU56095A1 SU 56095 A1 SU56095 A1 SU 56095A1 SU 14795 A SU14795 A SU 14795A SU 14795 A SU14795 A SU 14795A SU 56095 A1 SU56095 A1 SU 56095A1
- Authority
- SU
- USSR - Soviet Union
- Prior art keywords
- solutions
- potassium
- fertilizers
- phosphoric acid
- obtaining complex
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 8
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004254 Ammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000148 ammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019289 ammonium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003841 chloride salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002367 phosphate rock Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorous acid Chemical group OP(O)O OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K tripotassium phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WZLMXYBCAZZIRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].[P].[K] Chemical compound [N].[P].[K] WZLMXYBCAZZIRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RDXARWSSOJYNLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N [P].[K] Chemical compound [P].[K] RDXARWSSOJYNLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003905 agrochemical Substances 0.000 description 1
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001166 ammonium sulphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052586 apatite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QLULGSLAHXLKSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;phosphane Chemical compound N.P QLULGSLAHXLKSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011148 calcium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 1
- VSIIXMUUUJUKCM-UHFFFAOYSA-D pentacalcium;fluoride;triphosphate Chemical compound [F-].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O VSIIXMUUUJUKCM-UHFFFAOYSA-D 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910000160 potassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011009 potassium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Description
Получение сложных азотно-фосфорно-калийных удобрений обычно производитс таким образом, что к расплавленному нитрату аммони прибавл ют при помешивании определенные количества в измельченном виде фосфорноаммонийной СОЛИ и хлористого- кали . Затвердевша масса в виде зерен или измельченна вл етс пока основным СЛОЖНЫМ удобрением, содержащим калий , азот и фосфор.The preparation of complex nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium fertilizers is usually carried out in such a way that, with stirring, certain amounts of the ground phosphorus-ammonium SALT and chloride are added with stirring. Hardened mass in the form of grains or crushed is still the main COMPLEX fertilizer containing potassium, nitrogen and phosphorus.
Недостатком этого удобрени вл етс присутствие хлора; ;последнего, как установлено анализами заграничных нитрофосфатных удобрений, содержитс 11 /о и даже более. Присутствие хлора делает такие удобрени непригодными дл некоторых культур.The disadvantage of this fertilizer is the presence of chlorine; the latter, as determined by analyzes of foreign nitrophosphate fertilizers, contains 11 / o and even more. The presence of chlorine makes such fertilizers unsuitable for some crops.
Кроме того, существующий до насто щего времени способ получени удобрений, содержащих калий, азот и фосфор, весьма сложен, а потому фосфорнокалийные удобрени не имеют широкого агрохимического применени .In addition, the existing method of producing fertilizers containing potassium, nitrogen and phosphorus is very complicated, and therefore phosphorus-potassium fertilizers do not have wide agrochemical use.
Исход из необходимости дать удовлетвор ющие всем требовани м калийно-аммиачно-фосфорные удобрени , автор изобретени предлагает получать Based on the need to provide potash-ammonia-phosphorus fertilizers satisfying all requirements, the inventor proposes to obtain
:, означенные удобрени путем взаимоГ::, the designated fertilizers by way of:
действи водных растворов фосфорнокислого аммони и хлористого кали ИЛИ эквивалентных количеств соответствующих КИСЛОТ и оснований с тем, что ДЛЯ выделени в твердую фазу изоморфных твердых растворов, не содержащих хлористых солей, взаимодействию подвергают растворы с 35- ббо/о фосфорнокислого аммони и 2- ISVo х дористого кали в интервале температур от - 5 до + 65°.the action of aqueous solutions of ammonium phosphate and potassium chloride OR equivalent amounts of the corresponding ACIDS and bases, so that to isolate isomorphic solid solutions that do not contain chloride salts in the solid phase, solutions with 35-bbo / o phosphoric acid and 2-ISV are mixed. potassium in the temperature range from - 5 to + 65 °.
При описанном получении безхлорных твердых растворов, содержащих азот, фосфор и калий, исход из фосфорной КИСЛОТЫ, хлористого кали и аммиака (или фосфорнокислого аммони , хлористог.о кали И аммиака) после выделени твердых фаз получают маточные солевые растворы. Последние по анализам содержат в себе в среднем следующие вещества: NH4C1 - 7,760/0, КС1 - 7,980/0 и КН2РО4 - 2,450/6.In the described preparation of non-chlorine solid solutions containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, starting from phosphoric acid, potassium chloride and ammonia (or ammonium phosphate, chloride, potassium, and ammonia), after separation of the solid phases, uterine saline solutions are obtained. The last analyzes contain on average the following substances: NH4C1 - 7.760 / 0, КС1 - 7.980 / 0 and КН2РО4 - 2.450 / 6.
Автор изобретени предлагает использовать такие маточники дл разбавлени минеральных кислот - серной , СОЛЯНОЙ и т. п., примен емых при КИСЛОТНОМ разложении фосфоритов, в цел х получени из последних фосфорной кислоты, при этом процесс выделени фосфорной кислоты из фосфорита или апатита кислотой в основном не мен етс , но в фосфорнокислотной выт жке, кроме обычных примесей, будут также содержатьс в небольшом количестве хлористый калий, фосфорнокислый калий, сернокислый аммоний и хлористый кальций, которые не вли ют на ход реакций при использовании фосфорной кислоты дл получени твердых растворов.The inventor proposes to use such mother liquors for diluting mineral acids — sulfuric, SALT, etc. — used in the ACID decomposition of phosphorites, in order to obtain phosphoric acid from the latter, while the process of extracting phosphoric acid from phosphate or apatite with acid is not varies, but in addition to the usual impurities, phosphoric acid extract will also contain a small amount of potassium chloride, potassium phosphate, ammonium sulphate and calcium chloride, which do not affect the course of the reactions. When using phosphoric acid to produce solid solutions.
Указанное использование маточных растворов продолжают до достижени в них таких концентраций примесей, при которых равновесие будет сдвигатьс в неблагопри тную сторону.The above use of mother liquors is continued until such concentrations of impurities are reached, at which equilibrium will shift to the unfavorable direction.
Преимуществами предлагаемого способа , кроме указанных выше, вл ютс полна утилизаци фосфорной кислоты, хлористого кали и аммиака при достаточно простом и практически легко выполн емом процессе.The advantages of the proposed method, besides those indicated above, are the complete utilization of phosphoric acid, potassium chloride, and ammonia in a fairly simple and practically easily performed process.
Предмет изобретени .The subject matter of the invention.
Claims (2)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SU14795A SU56095A1 (en) | 1938-02-25 | The method of obtaining complex fertilizers |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SU14795A SU56095A1 (en) | 1938-02-25 | The method of obtaining complex fertilizers |
Related Parent Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| SU7598 Addition |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| SU8915A1 SU8915A1 (en) | 1929-04-30 |
| SU56095A1 true SU56095A1 (en) | 1939-11-30 |
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