SU55821A1 - A shaft type electric furnace with an additional electrode for the simultaneous production of phosphorus and calcium carbide - Google Patents

Description

The existing electric furnaces for the sublimation of phosphorus operate at a temperature corresponding to the phosphorus vapor release reaction, i.e., at 1450-1500 °, and the existing electric furnaces for the production of calcium carbide operate at a temperature of 1900-2000.

This temperature difference between the processes of producing phosphorus and calcium carbide makes it impossible to simultaneously obtain phosphorus and calcium carbide from slags. In addition, it is necessary to take into account the fact that in the presence of phosphorus gas in the zone of formation of calcium carbide, the whole process of producing phosphorus and calcium carbide is disturbed.

To simultaneously obtain phosphorus and calcium carbide in an electric furnace, it turned out to be necessary: 1) to create a furnace with sharp differentiation of reaction temperatures in its different zones, and 2) to prevent phosphorus vapors from getting calcium carbide when producing calcium carbide.

In order to accomplish this, the author of the present invention proposes the following device for the electric furnace furnace. The furnace is made (see schematic drawing) of a combined form, single phase, with one electrode 5. Around the circumference of the narrow part of the furnace / a ring of coal blocks 4 is mounted, which is included in the lower wide part 2 of the furnace space. The conical shape of the narrow part of the furnace allows the electrode ring to be held freely in the position indicated in the drawing. A ring of mimy 5 is supplied to this ring of coal blocks. The current is switched on the electron electrode 3, closes the circuit through a conductor, which is a resistance, and the current begins to heat it to a temperature of 1450-1500 °, at which phosphoric vapor is released. The latter are withdrawn through pipe 6 for condensation or incineration. The mixture consisting of apatite concentrate and coal powder is small round briquettes in the form of oreschkov with a diameter of 20-25 mm. These briquettes, being heated to 1450-1500 ° C and not losing their round shape in the process of releasing phosphorus vapors, are lowered to the bottom of the furnace, gradually heated to the temperature at which the process of producing calcium carbide takes place. Thus, advancing from the initial reaction zone at the electrode 3 to the furnace hearth, the briquettes, while continuously feeding the furnace, are slowly exposed to temperature influences from 1450 to 2000 °. In this position, the phosphorus release reaction will occur completely in the conical part of the furnace and all pairs will go up without approaching the zone of formation of calcium carbide. At the bottom, a molten carbide bath is obtained in which the falling briquettes are melted. Carbide release should also be continuous.

The obstacle to the entry of phosphorus gases into the calcium carbide formation zone is also the fact that gases will also be emitted in this zone, as observed in the production of calcium carbide in existing furnaces. These gases will approach the central part of the furnace (the cone) and will push the resulting phosphorus vapors upward. In order to erode a continuously descending briquette column, the mass in bath 7, i.e. zone 2, must always be kept liquid (molten), which is easy to implement, since this bath works as an electric arc furnace.

Due to the fact that the roof 5 is located very close to the mirror of the slime 7, the roof cover is cooled with water with a drainage device for a 9n water supply pipe 10.

The high voltage electrode 5, together with the ring 4, constitutes one electric furnace to produce phosphorus. It is connected in series with the lower three-phase furnace operating on the material prepared by the first furnace. The operation of the upper and lower parts of the described kiln furnace must be strictly coordinated. In all cases, the first, upper part of the furnace should not lag behind, but on the contrary, should have a supply of material in relation to the second.

The subject matter of the invention.

A shaft type electric furnace with an additional electrode for the simultaneous production of phosphorus and calcium carbide, characterized in that around the circumference of the narrow part of the furnace a ring of coal blocks 4 is mounted, which is included in the wider part of the furnace space to create a gate between the zone / for phosphorus and zone 2 to produce calcium carbide and eliminate the contact of phosphorus-containing gases with calcium carbide.

to the author's certificate of P.F. Zhdan

No. 55821

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