SU48112A1 - Machine for the manufacture of gears by hot rolling - Google Patents

Description

The present invention, a machine for forming gear teeth, relates to the field of hot metal working, in particular, to a technique of preforming gear teeth by deforming a billet in a hot condition. This method has been known for a long time, but has not received its distribution due to unsuccessful attempts of constructive and technological design.

The large forces of indentation of the tool into the workpiece (reaching several tons), the contact of the hot workpiece with the machine parts, the necessity of implementing several kinematic movements of the machine made the well-known knurling machines cumbersome, complex and expensive. Formed when the burr rolls on the edges of the gear, and the need to trim them, as well as further preliminary and final machining of the exact gear teeth with a gear cutting tool, in view of the need to remove significant allowances due to the presence of a decarburized surface layer and the possibility of leaving untreated spots on the tooth x gears , destroyed the economic feasibility of the use of hot knurling exact gears. Gear manufacturing machine

wheels by rolling hot workpieces according to the present invention 11 11 is advantageously distinguished from conventional machines of this type with its compactness, small size, simple kinematics without movement of the tool feed and with the lack of kinematic connection between the movements of the tool and the workpiece, the lack of a hot base workpieces with machine parts, almost complete destruction of the formation of bulges and burrs in the gear, the lack of tool cooling, due to the insignificant time of its contact with billet, etc. This zinc-roll machine design will allow pre-shaping gear teeth simply, cheaply, quickly, and can implement the most cost-effective method of processing exact procession teeth in their mass production, i.e., this method will reduce times both the required machining time of the gear teeth processing, and the cost of gear cutting tools and equipment.

The design of the machine for pre-shaping gear teeth in a hot condition is shown in FIG. 1 shows a side view of the machine and its longitudinal section; FIG. 2 - viA

machine with the end part; FIG. 3 - cross section of the machine; FIG. 4 is a side view and longitudinal section of gears with racks.

The machine consists of a series of main parts and kinematic chains: beds /, two side racks 2, adjustable traverse 3, two moving sled 4, 5 with rotating drums b, in the grooves of which the tool rails 7 are fixed, receiving platforms 8 and finally from parts forming two working movements of a semiautomatic device; the first is a periodic rectilinear return movement of the slide 4, 5 along the guides of the bed / and the beam 8, and the second is the periodic rotation of the drums 6 with the slats 7 around their axes. The source of these coordinated movements is the distribution box 9.

The bed / and two lateral pillars 2 form a rigid closed structure that is opposed to large forces and is convenient for processing and mounting kinematic assemblies.

Traverse 5 is a guide of the lower sled 5 and with the help of two screws with JO nuts or by some other well-known method (through an appropriate gear from the // handwheel) to change the distance between the bed guides /.

The change of this distance entails the installation of instrumental strips 7 with drums 6 on a certain diameter of processing.

The slide 4.5 represents slides with a large contact surface with the bed guides and the beam 3 to decrease the specific pressure. In the middle of the slide 5 there is a circular notch on which the outer surface of the drum 6 rests. To turn the drums b, the existing trunnions of the latter enter the openings of the side walls of the slide.

The shaft 12, fastened in the bearings of the side walls 2, the shaft / 5, fastened in the bearings of the traverse 3, passes through the openings of the drums 4, 5, and the sliding keyway prevents the latter from turning with respect to the shafts 72, J3, but does not interfere with them. moving.

In the grooves of the drums 6, instrumental rails 7 are fastened. The whole set of rails of both drums is designed so as if they represent two whole long rails, which, in their straight-line movements in different directions, are placed on the heated workpiece and cause it to rotate around its the axes, with different shapes, sizes and steps of the teeth of the rails alternating through half the number of rolling gear teeth, gradually and gradually form the teeth of the gear until all the teeth of the rails run in. This shows that the movement of two whole long rails towards each other with different tooth sizes at each step eliminates the necessary movement of the radial feed of the rails to the workpiece and makes it possible to eliminate the kinematic connection between the rotation of the workpiece and the movement of the rails, and ultimately greatly simplifies the design and machine kinematics.

From the drawing (Fig. 4) it can be seen that the tool rails are reinforced in the grooves of the drums 6, into which, with a small gap in width, the workpiece enters, and that when rolling the teeth, the sides of the groove prevent the formation of trowels and barbs on the gear.

The working movements of the slide 4, 5, along with the drums and the instrumental rails, occur in opposite directions. The source of these movements is the distribution box P, which through the shaft 14, the reversing mechanism 15, the shaft 16, the conical pair 17, the gear 18 and the rail 19 drives the upper slide 4, and the lower slide 5 receive movement from the shaft 16, through a pair of gears 20, gear 21 and rail 22. Turning the drums (at an angle between the grooves) also occurs from the box 9 through the shaft 23, two conical pairs 24, the shaft 25, the conical pair 26 and the shaft / 2, the upper drums 4 are rotated; the turn of the bottom runner drum is performed from the shaft 25 through the conical pair 27 and the shaft / 5.

The distribution box 9 serves as a source and control for two movements of the machine and, by its design, can consist of a box in which four shafts are mounted (14, 23, 28, 29), with the end of the shaft 29 entering the hole of the shaft 23 and connecting them when using the fist clutch 30. Pulley 3 /, reversing mechanism / 5 and interchangeable gears 32 are mounted on shaft M, distribution drum 36 and interchangeable gears 32 on shaft 28, 2P replaceable gears 32 and fixed part of coupling 30 and finally on the shaft 25 is the movable part of the coupling 30 and the fuse ny disk 34, which enters into the opening finger. Control reversing mechanism, fist clutch and safety disc comes from the distribution drum 36.

The machine (Fig. 1) is in the initial position. The worker extends the receiving spring-loaded platforms MOL 8, inserts a red-hot blank between them and starts the machine into motion. The sled 4, 5 with reels 6 and platformochki 8 begin to move towards each other. The workpiece 1 & rasters from the movement of the platform plates 8 and comes into working contact with the teeth of the rails of the upper and lower sled.

Further movement of the sled causes the teeth of the rails to crush into the hot metal of the workpiece and, by deforming the hollows, form gear teeth. After several revolutions, the workpiece rolls onto the platform 8, located on the other ends of the slide, and the slide stops, turned off by the distribution drum 36. Simultaneously with the movement off, the slide turns off the finger from the safety disc 34 and the sleeve 30 turns on. The drums turn until the next pair of rails will not rise

to the place of the previous ones. Next, the distribution drum 36 turns on the coupling 5 /, turns on the safety pin 35 into the disk 5- / and at the next moment turns on the working circuit, and the slide moves in the opposite direction.

The workpiece comes into working contact with the teeth of the second pair of rails, the shape and steps of which teeth at a distance of half the length of the rail do not differ from the previous ones, for consistent and better formation of gear teeth.

The described process is repeated as many times as the hot knurling technology of the teeth, the working pressure, etc., required, to make good and precise brushes.

The subject matter of the invention.

Claims (2)

1. A machine for making gear wheels by rolling hot workpieces, characterized by using longitudinally-movable and pivoting drums 6 around its axis, kinematically associated with a machine drive, equipped with interchangeable gear racks 7, which roll the teeth on heated workpieces held when the drums turn. 6 platformochkami 8. 2. The form of the machine according to claim 1, characterized by using movable in the guide beds beam 3, equipped with bearings, bearing shaft / 5 of the lower drum 6, and the lifting mechanism JO-7 / to change the distance between the shafts / 2, J3 when rolling blanks of different diameters. to the author's and V. testimony V. V. Yashmansky V. Anufriev Ka 48112 6 Fig 2 29  / ... Fig1 ht @ in in