SU45722A1 - Method of casting molds with lightweight materials or their alloys - Google Patents

Description

Existing methods for casting plates, bolts, pipes, etc. from aluminum, its alloys, and other non-ferrous metals and alloys suffer significant drawbacks. For example, casting in vertical molds causes splashing, gas trapping and mixing of metal with oxides and gases. Casting in an open horizontal mold causes a rough, oxidized surface of the ingots and the presence of significant shrink holes and bubbles inside the ingot. Casting in a closed horizontal mold (the Norwegian way of casting aluminum wire bars) also gives ingots with internal shrinkage looseness or with a coarse-crystalline structure of the surface sides of the ingot, giving gaps when rolling them. Siphon casting (French casting type) causes increased waste for sprues and increased labor and energy consumption for cutting ingots from two ends, and also gives ingots with shrinkage voids, oxides, bubbles distributed throughout the entire ingot mass, due to the distribution of colder metal in the upper part, and the mountains of something below the ingot. Casting in slotted inclined or vertical molds as well as siphon casting molds cause waste on the sprues and the labor and energy of the machines for longitudinal cutting and grinding along the cutting plane. Casting into conventional oblique molds results in significant irregularities along the jet line. When casting into vertical or inclined molds, heated to a temperature above the melting point of the poured metal and subsequent cooling by immersion in water, a coarse crystal structure of the ingots is obtained, and in addition, with the flow of metal into the water, splashing and even explosions can be obtained. In addition, this method causes rapid wear of the molds.

The proposed method consists in using a zholoba inserted into the mold, through which the metal flows without spattering and is captured near the walls of the mold. As the mold is filled with metal, the chol comes out of it. The end of the zholob may be open, and may also have a trap with one or several openings. During casting, it can either remain immersed in the metal or be on its surface, the ashes can be made from both metals and alloys, and from refractory materials, and the former can, if necessary, be lined to prevent dissolution. For aluminum

and its alloys, as well as for magnesium and its alloys, iron, steel, cast-iron nichrome and other materials can be used without lining. When casting wire bars, the chute can be placed and moved both on the plane and on the corner of the mold.

In FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 depicts two main schemes for applying the proposed method for casting slabs and wire bars.

In the drawing, the numerals / and 7 denote the molds, the numbers 2 and 8-gates, 4 and 11 foam trap and captivity, 5 and 5-hole in the trap, 3-direction of the chute and 6 and U-level metal.

The chute can be retracted manually or mechanically, and electrically signaling or automatic adjustment can be applied to adjust the immersion depth into the mold using an arrangement of contacts mounted on the chute and in contact with the metal of the closing circuit.

The subject matter of the invention.

A method of casting molds with light metals or their alloys, characterized in that the casting is performed on an inclined tolob that is gradually removed from the molds as they are filled with metal.