SU29903A1 - Electric furnace for melting in a rarefied atmosphere - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to an electric furnace for melting in a rarefied atmosphere. The furnace is equipped with two channels: horizontal, in which the solid charge is fed in solid form through a barometric liquid column of greater specific gravity, and vertical, into which the molten material is poured from a horizontal channel and held at a certain level due to vacuum in the furnace, and the excess through the hydraulic the shutter is poured into a special bath. Heating of both channels is independent of each other.

In the schematic drawing, Fig. 1 depicts a vertical section of the proposed furnace (according to AB in Fig. 2); FIG. 2 is a horizontal section (according to IH in FIG. 1); FIG. 3 is a CD section of FIG. 2; FIG. 4 is a section through EF in FIG. 2; FIG. 5 shows a section but MN in FIG. 2

This electric furnace for smelting in a rarefied atmosphere consists of a horizontal channel 2, 2 (Fig. 2), a horseshoe-shaped, spiral or other shape, equipped with extended ends — the head 3 and the coic 3. The channel is made of high-refractory and non-electro 192

wired material (sillimanite, mul., lit, sillimaniticircon mixture, fireclay, etc.). The channel elements are installed in an iron gas-tight casing 4 (Fig. 1), equipped with ribs 5 ,. intended to prevent. deflection of walls, bottom and cover from the pressure of external air. The channel elements are sealed with bolts 6 (Fig. 2). equipped with hermetic glands 7, and separated from the casing by thermal insulation 8, in the cavity of the head 3 and end 5. the ends are installed current-carrying electrodes 9 JO (Figs. 1 and 3), suspended by means of water-cooled hollow clamps 7 /, movable in hermetic glands 12 helmets J3, insulated with gasket J4 from the unions / 5. casing 4. In the hollows of the walls of the end 3, an electroplating pipe manufactured from a zirconosilymanite mixture is installed. 2 and 3), equipped with an inner concentric tube made of the same mixture, 77, fixed in a hermetic gland J8 equipped with a 7P valve.

At the end of channel 5 (Figs. 1 and 2), there is a barrier shield 20, which delays the surface layers of the alloy, but leaves a channel for the alloy to threshold 27, which controls the level of the water and to the bottom. The duct 22 communicates the horizontal channel 2.2 with the expanded part 23 of the vertical channel 24 installed using insulation 8 in the vertical casing 25 (Fig. 1). hermetically connected with the casing 4. The lower casing 25 of the casing 25 is provided with a steel flange 26, to which clamps 27, insulated with asbestos gasket 28, attracted a steel ring 29 with a Krump glass alloy 30 inserted into it, immersed with the lower end of the 3L bath alloy Mouthpiece 30 are hermetically sealed with insulated clamps 35, rings 32-29 and insulating interlayer JJ to the side of flexible pipe 34, another board pressed by clamps 36, rings 37 and insulation 38 to ring 26. This reinforcement system should make it possible st without disturbing the hermetic and electrically insulated -sv mouthpiece 3Q communication with the housing 25, attracts them to one another insulated screw clamp 27 in tse-Lyakh achieve a seal between the shroud n mouthpiece JP cocoa. 24. The expanded upper bead 4J of the mouthpiece 39 is clamped along conical forming 40.40 layers through the inner asbestos insulation between ring 26 and mouthpiece 30, and., Thus protected by isolation 40 from the possibility of suction when the alloy of the bath J / is thinned pipe 34, as well as through cracks in the walls of the mouthpiece 39-41 into the cavity of insulation 8 of the housing 25, due to compression of possible cracks by the radial force carried out by the conical surfaces of the ring 26 and the mouthpiece 30. The external surface of the glass-resistant metal mouthpiece ischena action of gases sillimanite funnel 42 suspended from the ring and is bolted to ring 29 mounted in the modular chamotte bath tub 31, sluzhascha hydraulic channel gate 24, a metal electrode provided with a hearth 44, you are a. the water end of which is equipped with water cooling, carried out by concentric tubes 45, preventing the flow of an alloy between the specified electrode and the bottom 46 of the bath 31, compressed metal casing 47,

the top bent edge 48, on the edge of the bottom 49 baths. In the enlarged cavity 23 of the vertical channel there is a conductive electrode 50 (Fig. 1 2), suspended separately, similar to the electrodes 9 JO. 5) consisting of a large specific weight of a steel bath 52 filled with molten lead or other metal or alloy, with a perforated bent pipe 53 immersed in it, fitted with 54. To the flange 55 of the pipe 53 is sealed with a flange 56 honey on the trubl /, with its upper ribbed arcuate and widened end 60 attached to the lid 4 of the channel casing. Inside the pipe 57-- 60, a freely movable steel pipe 59 is installed on the flange 55, the free end of which is arranged to vibrate under the action of electromagnets 61, 61 through the copper walls 60 (Fig. 4 and 5). When pumping air from the channel in pipes 57-59, a barometric column of molten lead or other alloy is formed, which is sucked from the bath 52 through the perforated walls of the crankshaft pipe 53.

The horizontal and vertical channels connected by housings in the bottom of the common system are suspended above the roof 64 of the refinery 43.

Melting is carried out in the horizontal channel 2 due to the heat developed by the electric current, due to the resistance of the conductor alloy filling the narrow channel, or by means of volt arcs formed between the alloy and the electrodes or directly between the electrodes installed accordingly. Melting is carried out under vacuum, carried out by pumping (through an absorber and a condenser) gases and vapors from channel 2, hermetically closed with two barometric pillars at the end of channel 3 with a barometric column of molten lead or a vacuum-fed hydraulic seal, at the output end 5 - barometric column of the alloy of the vertical channel 24 and the hydraulic shutter of the bath 57. When starting the furnace, the horizontal channel is filled

material (steklbm) through a spare hatch and is heated to a temperature of 900-1000 ° with an oil nozzle temporarily installed in the same hatch. Upon reaching the above temperature, the tempered glass acquires sufficient electrical conductivity and finally melts with the help of electrodes 10-9. Additional loads of the charge melted in the horizontal channel, the Hepeie flow vertical channel 24, are pre-filled with an alloy on: the heated bath 31. Upon filling it, all the hatches are closed tightly, the air rolls out and the fusion goes under vacuum. With the vacuum melting process established in this way, pressed into spherides and subjected to preliminary sintering, fed into; 1blob 54 of the vacuum feeder, is pushed by a rod 62 (FIG. 5) into the bend of the pipe 53, which the charge passes in the molten lead floats on the filling pipe 59. The charge floating on the surface of the lead is freed from its particles due to the vibration of the pipe 59. As the charge accumulates, its excess is dumped by the same pipe into the melting channel. By injecting superheated water vapor through valve 19 into pipe 17 (FIGS. 2 and 3), the alloy foams up pump 16 and washes the layer of the charge floating over the top of the channel with an overheated emulsion. The electrodes 50-44 compensate for the heat loss of the vertical axis. 24, as well as being stabilized. The temperature of the alloy flowing into the refining bath 43 through the bath 57 is necessary.

The subject matter of the invention.

Claims (2)

1. Electric furnace for melting in a rarefied atmosphere, otlnchay; 1a s the fact that it consists of two arranged in a refractory material, surrounded by a gas-tight casing, and channels closed by hydraulic gates in which the melted material is placed, which serves as an electrically heated resistance, of which one channel, having a horseshoe-shaped or other elongated shape 2 2, is horizontal , the supplier in the extended ends of 3 liters 3 trkadod shchishg electrodes 9, 10 and is connected to the device for loading the charge, and the other channel 24, serving for additional heating and release of melt The material poured over the threshold 21 in the horizontal channel is located vertically and provided in its upper part with the mouthpiece 30, 39, passing through the arch 64 of the bath 43, which serves to release the product, with which the mouthpiece 30, 39 is omitted into the reservoir 31 serving as a hydraulic shutter and located with its outlet opening against the bottom electrode 44 (Fig. 1J. 2. The form of the furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the device for loading the material consists of a furnace attached laterally to the furnace casing and containing a melt of greater specific weight, for example, lead, a bath 52 in which the pipe 59 is immersed, connected to The sparse melting space 2.2 of the furnace, one end of which tube 59, is freely mounted on a cranked tube 53, which is designated to introduce the briquetted charge into the furnace through the chute 54, a. its other free end is arranged to vibrate under the action of electromagnets 61, 61, with the aim of dropping the charge into the melting channel and eliminating the melt particles that do not wet the charge (Fig. 3).