SU23315A1 - Dephlegmator - Google Patents

Description

The proposed reflux condenser is of the type of mixed capacitors, occasionally; Both conventional condensation and re-evaporation of the condensed reflux. Typically, this type of reflux imators, in which the cooling medium is not only water, but also distilled liquid, which absorbs heat from condensing vapors, are quite complex and cumbersome, preventing them from being installed with large-sized distillers. At the same time, a strong sensitivity of this type of dephlegmators to supercooling often entails the formation of an internal vacuum, which acts destructively on its strength, due to which it is necessary to make particularly thick walls of its cylinders. Along with this, the deflectors of the horizontal system that are now used in industry require a complex design of the heater,. part of the dephlegmator.

In order to eliminate the above disadvantages, in the proposed dephlegmator | two vessels entering one another, of which the external vessel is provided with a coil for heating the distilled liquid; and the inner vessel has vertical tubes serving as a coolant; fluid. In addition, the annular space: the space of a dephlegmator is divided horizon; talnye partitions on a number of cameras, from; Which upper chamber is provided with windows for inlet ;, steam to be condensed.

Depicted in a schematic drawing in a longitudinal vertical section: the reflux condenser consists of an external vessel A, which has a cylindrical or some other shape and inside which is placed an internal vessel B.

In the space C formed between the two vessels, one or more coils D are located, which serve to heat the distilled liquid. Vessel S is provided inside with a series of vertical tubes E for cooling water, and on the outer surface there are helically arranged ribs. The upper part f of vessel A serves as a tube plate for the upper part of internal vessel B and at the same time is the lid of the annular space C. Above the lid F, distribute the fixed device G, which is designed to distribute water and discharge the vapor to be distilled. The switchgear C is divided into two parts with the help of a wall, an external J and an internal K. The external part J includes a pipe L, which serves to drain: water, and the internal pipe includes a pipe M for water. An N pipe is discharged from the inner part K to remove the vapor of the liquid to be distilled. The annular space O in vessel B is divided in height by partitions R, R, / into a number of chambers, of which the upper chamber is provided with windows P for admitting steam to be condensed. Vertical tubes E are fixed at the upper ends in the lid F, and the lower ends into the tube plate S, In the middle of the latter, the linear tube T is fixed, passing through the water chamber U formed between the tube plate S and the bottom plate V of the vessel B, and entering in a running cup W, fixed on the legs of Z.

Reflegmator operates as follows. The mash enters the coil through fitting D, and exits the coil through fitting D. Ascending from the concentration column I, on which the reflux condenser is directly installed, the vapor of the distilled liquid enters the annular space C, where they meet the coil D, inside which the cooling coil the liquid is further distilled. The vapors move towards the liquid and part of their heat is transferred through the walls of the coil; liquid, resulting in some vapors | condenses. The greatest condensation | occurs at the top of the annular space C, where the cold part of the coil itself is located, with cold liquid flowing through the nozzle D into it, which is further subjected to distillation. Due to this, a large amount of reflux is formed in this part, which, from the top down, encounters an ascending vapor of the distilled liquid in its path and evaporates again. The cooling fluid, reaching the bottom of the coil, is heated considerably and discharged through fitting Z) to the distillation column. In the upper part of the annular space, the vapor of the liquid to be distilled enters the annular space O through the windows P. Here they meet the tubes E cooled by water and partially condense again, and both the reflux and the vapor from the upper chamber formed between the lid F and a partition R, pass into the lower i chambers through the openings in the partitions R, R and. Thus, couples and phlegm

the passage into the following chambers formed by the partitions R, R and finally, having passed the partition /, enters the last chamber formed by the partition / and tube plate 5. From here, all the reflux collected from here is removed through the running tube T passing through the water. if and the bottom plate V into the cup W, which serves as a hydraulic shutter, from where it is discharged into the concentration column X. Non-condensed vapors of the distilled liquid from the last chamber are discharged through pipe N for further cooling to another device.

Water for cooling the vapor in the annular space enters the inner part of the AH of the distributor Pu through the tubes E is sent to the chamber U, from where it rises again through the tubes E, located EO of the outer part of the board S, and is discharged through the nozzle L.

Subject invention

1. A reflux condenser, characterized in that it consists of an external, cylindrical or other shape, vessel A and internal vessel B, of which external vessel A is equipped with a coil D for heating the distilled liquid, and internal vessel B with vertical pipes E, assigned to the coolant

2. In the reflux condenser described in paragraph 1, use horizontal partitions R, R, / 2 dividing the annular space O in vessel B into a number of chambers, of which the upper one is equipped with windows P for admitting vapor to be condensed.