SU1735220A1 - Method for processing of domestic and industrial waste - Google Patents

Abstract

The essence of the invention: during the processing of household and household waste, the latter is pre-treated with boiling water for 0.5-1.5 hours with continuous stirring and the mass ratio with water is 1: (2-8), then the waste is settled and dehydrated by decantation or filtering, and the solid residue is washed with water before removing solid objects, and building products are molded from the liquid phase, while the waste water is returned to the processing of the original waste. Thermal insulation materials and other building products are made from the liquid phase, and solid objects separated from waste are used as secondary raw materials. 2 tab.

Description

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The invention relates to the technology of processing household and household waste and can be used to separate solid objects from waste and to process waste into products used in various sectors of the national economy, in particular for the manufacture of building materials.

A known method of recycling plastic waste into foam material by grinding, heating and foaming when heated, and the waste after grinding is homogenized in a mixer at 100-160 ° C, foaming is carried out at 200-300 ° C, and waste of variable composition is used as plastic waste.

The known method has high energy costs, sophisticated technology, a narrow range of products obtained is not

has the ability to separate dissimilar objects from each other.

The closest to the present invention is a method of processing household waste, including the removal of solid objects from waste, such as iron, with a magnet, adding to the obtained powder residue in a binder, such as sodium or potassium silicate, bentonite, etc., forming the resulting mass and pressing at pressure up to 900 bar and temperature 200 ° С.

The known method has a narrow range of objects separated from waste and formable products, the low quality of the resulting construction products, as well as sophisticated technology and high energy costs.

WITH

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The purpose of the invention is to expand the range of objects and molded products that can be separated from waste while improving quality.

The essence of the invention is as follows: the original household or household waste (preferably freshly obtained to avoid the formation of harmful substances and unpleasant odor) is loaded into the mixing tank, water is added at a ratio of waste: water 1: (2-8) and at bales The mixture is stirred until a semi-viscous mass is obtained for 0.5-1.5 h. Then the resulting mass is kept until it is stratified into a semi-fluid 1 liquid mass and a solid residue, then the 1st liquid mass is separated from the solid residue by decontamination or by filtering. Solid insoluble residue is washed with water and solid objects, for example, metal, glass, ceramics, plastic, cloth, shoes, etc., are separated from each other from it, for example, by hand, and sludge is used, for example, in construction. filler or filler. The semi-flowing 1st liquid mass is formed, for example, into briquettes, and dried at 100-150 ° C until the water is removed. Obtained after leaching solid insoluble

the remainder of the water (2nd liquid phase) and after drying

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Technological parameters | Examples of the proposed

..

Amount of household and household waste, kg

Amount to add

to waste water, kg

Waste to aod ratio

Boiling time

waste + water, h

Amount received

after the decontamination of the 1st

liquid phase, kg

Wet amount

solid residue, kg

Amount to add

to solid residue

water kg

The amount obtained after leaching solid residue II liquid phase, kg

Drying temperature of boiled 1st liquid phase, ° С

In a semi-liquid slurry, water is returned to the process cycle to mix the initial waste with water.

Specific examples of the proposed method and test cases to substantiate the proposed limits of technological parameters are given in Table 1.

The advantages of the proposed method in comparison with the known and control examples are given in table 2.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula A method of processing household and household waste, including the removal of solid objects from them and the molding of building products with subsequent heat treatment, characterized in that, in order to expand the range of objects and molded articles that are separated from waste, while improving quality, the waste is first boiled in water for 0.5-1.5 hours with continuous stirring and mass ratio with water 1: (2-8), the obtained softened mass is settled and dehydrated by decontamination or filtration, building materials are formed from the liquid phase whether or not, the solid residue is washed with water before removing solid objects, and the wash water is used for the subsequent processing of the initial waste. Table 1 Method I Test Examples Illii ;;; ji ;;;; i ten 100 1:10 0.3 ten 50 1: 5 0.3 ten 50 1: 5 2.0 eleven 12.5 125 125 which phase: 0.7 0.72 heat-insulating materials, blocks, 0.75 plates (with the addition of filler and full briquettes, etc.) tnye vesta Solid iron objects and solid residue powder like gravel and sand for concrete mixes Not recyclable Duration of the process, extra water consumption 0.8 Not recyclable The duration of the process. 0.75 From a solid powder, 1.3-2.0 shaped residue: a building material with the addition of a valuable silicate solid or a concrete solution table 2 0.03 MPa100 0.05 MPa120 Without pressure-150 laziness 0.05 MPa 120 Oh, 05 MPa 120 To 900 200