SU1766895A1 - Method of organic-mineral fertilizer production - Google Patents

Abstract

The method involves the use of urea, ammophos, potassium chloride, 37% formalin solution and manure with a mass ratio of (15-20) :( 12-15) :( 9-12) :( 2-4) : (the rest), by dissolving urea and ammophos in water at a temperature of 70-80 ° C, cooling this solution to 40 ° C and adding 37% formalin to it, mixing the manure with crystalline KCI and the resulting solution, extruding the mass obtained through a profiling grate, drying granules of fertilizer on a conveyor belt at a temperature ur 60-70 ° C. During the formation of urea-formaldehyde compounds, the destruction of the helminth eggs, the hardening of fertilizer granules due to the high moisture capacity of the CFS occurs. The use of this fertilizer in agriculture will contribute to an even distribution of nutrients, an increase in soil humus. 1 tab.

Description

The invention relates to chemical technology, in particular to the production of mineral fertilizers and organic mineral tuk.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of the fertilizer.

EXAMPLE 1. To 4.6 kg of granulated urea, add 3.5 kg of granulated ammophos, 2.1 liters of water, heat with constant stirring and a temperature of 70 ° C until the carbamide and ammophos are completely dissolved, reduce the temperature to 40 ° C, 520 ml of 37% formalin is added to the solution. 11.5 kg of manure are mixed with 2.8 kg of crystalline KCI and this mixture is poured with the prepared solution. The mixture is thoroughly mixed and fed into a screw extruder with a profiling grate. The pellets exiting the extruder are fed to a belt conveyor, on top of which

enters the air heated in the heater to a temperature of 60 ° C, which is dried by the granules. The ratio of components of the final product (wt.%) Manure: carbamide: ammophos: KCI. Formalin was 50: 20: 15: 12: 2. Helminth eggs are absent. The hardness of the granules is 2.37 kg / granule. The content of nutrients, wt.%: N 10,1; P20s6.8; K205.1.

PRI mme R 2. In the same way as in example 1. Manure take 14.9 kg, carbamide 4.4 kg, ammophos 3.4 kg, water 2.5 liters, COP 2.6 kg, formalin 37% 490 ml The ratio of manure: carbamide: ammophos: KS: formalin was taken equal, wt.% 57: 17: 13: 10: 1,5. Drying temperature 65 ° C. Helminth eggs are absent. The hardness of the granules 2.27 kg / granule. The content of nutrients, wt.%: N 9,8; P20s 6.7; Kao 4.5.

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PRI me R 3. In the same way as in example 1. Manure is taken 10.6 kg, carbamide 2.5 kg, ammophos 2.0 kg, water 1.25 l, KC11.5 kg, formalin 37 % 157 ml. The ratio, wt.%: Manure: urea: ammophos: KS: formalin was taken equal to 63: 15: 12: 9: 1. Drying temperature 70 ° C, helminth eggs are absent. The hardness of the granules is 2.24 kg / granule. The content of nutrients, wt.%: N 8,3; RaOb 5.8; KAO 4.3.

In the table below, the comparative results of the biological and chemical properties of the organic fertilizers obtained and known.

15% urea, 12% ammophos, 9% KCI with 63% manure give an agrochemical ratio of nitrogen: phosphorus: potassium, equal to 1: 0.7: 0.5, i.e. most optimal in agriculture for most crops.

20% urea, 15% ammophos, 12% KCI with 50% manure provide the same ratio.

Formalin is added to the fertilizer to destroy the worms and the formation of urea-formaldehyde compounds, 2% (1% formalin) of the formed FSC, is the lower limit at which the destruction of the helminths occurs. More than 4% (2% formalin) is not recommended due to the increased cost of fertilizer, moreover, it becomes slowly soluble, and the excess UVC suppresses the beneficial flora in the fertilizer.

Drying temperature is provided in the range of 60-70 ° C, based on the conditions of intensive drying and preservation of beneficial flora. At a temperature of less than 60 ° C, the drying efficiency drops, at a temperature of more than 70 ° C, useful flora in the fertilizer dies

Formation of urea-formaldehyde compounds in the composition of fertilizers gives them increased strength and reduces friability due to the fact that CFS is a good binding material and have a high moisture capacity, completely destroys the helminth eggs and thereby neutralizes the fertilizer. Fertilizer obtained by the proposed method have the best sanitary and hygienic, agrochemical and commodity properties, as compared with the known.

The strength of the granules also increases due to the fact that the carbamide, ammophos, KF C mixture crystallizes from the solution on the surface of the manure.

The use of such organic-mineral fertilizers in agriculture will contribute to an increase in soil humus during

uniform distribution of nutrients, a combination of organic and mineral supplements - better absorption of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium through the transformation of these elements into the most accessible

form of consumption by the plant world.

Claims (1)

The invention of the method of obtaining organic fertilizer, including mixing urea, formalin and ammophos with manure, keeping the mixture until the formation of urea formaldehyde compounds, granulating and drying, in order to improve the quality of fertilizer, before mixing with urea manure and ammophos, in which formalin is introduced, the prepared solution is mixed with manure with the addition of crystalline potassium chloride, and the components are taken as following ratio, wt.%: kardamid15-20. ammophos 12-15 potassium chloride 9-12 formalin1-2 dung, granulation is carried out by extruding through a profiling grate on a conveyor belt, and drying is carried out on a conveyor belt at 60-70 ° C.