SU1754773A1 - Lubricant for dry drawing of wire - Google Patents

Abstract

The essence of the invention: the lubricant contains,%: sodium tripolyphosphate 1.8-2.4; caustic soda 0.1-0.3; sodium silicate 1.8-2.4; calcium hydroxide 1.8-2.4; sodium soap salomas acids 27-33: sodium soaps of synthetic fatty acids fraction C21-C2518-25 and sodium soaps of technical fat acids the rest. 2 tab.

Description

This invention relates to process lubricants for metal forming and to be used in steel wire drawing using dry soap-based lubricant.

One of the factors limiting the performance and quality of products when drawing, is the wear resistance of the fiber. It is determined, ceteris paribus, by temperature conditions on the contact in the deformation zone. The latter depend on the mechanical properties of the deformable steel, the degree of deformation due to the passage and the heat flux into the die body. The heating of the die depends on the thermophysical properties of the release lubricating layer in the deformation zone: its heat capacity and thermal conductivity. The higher the heat capacity of the lubricant and the lower its thermal conductivity, the lower the heat flux into the die body, the lower the temperature and the higher the wear resistance of the die. It should be borne in mind that

The thermal properties of the lubricant layer formed in the deformation zone (on the wire and in the wire) differ from the corresponding parameters of the original soap lubricant.

A known lubricant for the landing and drawing processes of metals, including calcium soaps of synthetic fatty acids (FFA) from the Cz-Sat fraction.

The use of this lubricant in the drawing of steel wire leads to low resistance of the fiber due to their great heat.

Known lubricant for cold pressure treatment of metals, including sodium toluenesulfonate (0.4-2.0%), sodium sulfate (4-8%). sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (0.4–4%), sodium tripolyphosphate (0.4–4.0%), and saponified fatty acids of the C «rCi6 fraction (up to 100%).

The use of this lubricant when drawing steel wire also when

Uh

Jb

3

00

leads to low resistance of the fiber due to their high heat.

Closest to the proposed is a lubricant for cold and warm pressure treatment of metals, containing 11.8-12.5% trisodium phosphate, 2.4-5% sodium hydroxide, 7.5-7.8% sodium soap of higher fatty acids, and liquid glass (up to 100%).

A significant disadvantage of the prototype is the low resistance of the fibers due to their high heat associated with low heat capacity, high thermal conductivity and insufficient antifriction efficiency of the lubricant layer in the deformation zone. The latter causes an increase in heat generation in the deformation zone due to friction.

The purpose of the invention is to eliminate the indicated drawback of the prototype, namely to increase the resistance of the fiber.

The goal is achieved by the fact that a lubricant for dry drawing steel wire, containing sodium soaps of higher fatty acids, sodium phosphoric acid, sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate, contains sodium tripolyphosphate as sodium salt of sodium phosphate, soap mixtures of salomas acids, synthetic fatty acids of the C21-C25 fraction and technical acids, as well as (additionally) calcium hydroxide in the following ratio of components, wt.%:

Sodium Tripolyphosphate 1.8-2.4 Caustic Soda 0.1-0.3

Sodium silicate 1.8-2.4

Calcium Hydroxide 1.8-2.4 Sodium Soaps Salomas Acids2,7-33

Sodium soap of synthetic fatty acids fraction C21-C2518-25

Sodium Soap Technical Technical Acid 100

When it enters the deformation zone, the lubricant layer of the initial composition exhibits high heat capacity, low thermal conductivity and good anti-friction properties. As a result, the heat flux into the body of the die from the deformable metal decreases, and the wear resistance of the die increases.

Sodium tripolyphosphate according to GO.ST 13493-77E in the amount of 1.8-2.4 wt.%, Caustic soda according to GOST 2263-79 in the amount of 0.1-0.3 wt.%, Sodium silicate according to GOST 13078-81 in the amount of 1.8-2.4 wt.%, calcium hydroxide according to GOST 9179-77 in the amount of 1.8-2.4%,

sodium soaps of fatty acids according to OST 18-263-75 in the amount of 27-33 wt.%, sodium soaps FFA. C21-C25 according to TU 38.10716-73 or GOST 23239-78 in the amount of

18-25 wt.% And sodium soaps of technical fat acids according to GOST 1045-73 in an amount up to 100 wt.% Are introduced into the lubricant composition to achieve high resistance of the drawing tool by reducing heat flow into the die body while increasing the heat capacity and decreasing thermal conductivity. layer of lubricant formed on the wire in the deformation zone, compared with the prototype.

5 The introduction of sodium tripolyphosphate in the amount of less than 1.8% reduces the heat capacity and increases the thermal conductivity of the lubricant layer, as a result of which the durability of the fiber decreases. The introduction of sodium tripolyphosphate in the amount of grease greater than 2.4% increases the thermal conductivity of the lubricant layer (a mineral skeleton is created). As a result, the durability of the fiber is reduced.

5 The introduction of caustic soda in the amount of less than 0.1% does not provide the necessary excess alkalinity of lubrication, moisture absorption and increases its thermal conductivity. Introduction to composition

0 caustic soda grease in an amount greater than 0.3% reduces the melting point and heat capacity of the lubricant. As a result, the heating of the die increases and its durability decreases.

5 The introduction of sodium silicate in the amount of grease less than 1.8% does not provide the necessary increase in heat capacity and a decrease in the thermal conductivity of the lubricant layer in the deformation zone. The introduction of sodium silicate in the amount of grease greater than 2.4% reduces the anti-friction properties of the grease. As a result, the durability of the fiber is reduced.

Introduction to the composition of the hydroxide lubricant

5 calcium in an amount less than 1.8% does not provide the necessary increase in heat capacity and a decrease in thermal conductivity of the lubricant layer in the deformation zone. An introduction to the composition of a calcium hydroxide lubricant in a quantity greater than 2.4% converts sodium soaps to calcium ones, which have a lower melting point and lower heat capacity. As a result, the heat flux into the body increases;

5 stamina.

Introduction to the composition of the grease sodium soaps of fatty acids on the amount of less than 27% insufficiently increases the heat capacity of the lubricant. Introduction to the composition of the grease sodium soaps of fatty acids in an amount greater than 33% does not change the thermal properties of the lubricant layer, but increases its cost.

Introduction to the composition of the lubricant sodium soap FLC fraction C21-C25 in an amount less than 18% does not provide uniform thickness and, consequently, the thermal conductivity of the lubricating layer in the deformation zone. Introduction to the composition of the lubricant sodium soaps FLC fr. C21-C25 in an amount greater than 25% reduces the melting point and heat capacity of the lubricant. As a result, the heat flux into the body of the fiber increases and their resistance decreases.

The sodium soaps of technical fatty acids are introduced into the lubricant as an anti-friction base. Their number is less than 34.5% (the value determined by the upper limit of the content of useful lubricant components) reduces its anti-friction properties. An amount greater than 49.5% (the value determined by the lower limit of the content of useful components) impairs the thermal and physical properties of the lubricant.

Example. Tests of new lubricant compositions in comparison with the prototype were carried out on a DMPO drawing mill with deformation of a rod of OM steel with an initial diameter of 76.5 mm and a size of 5.45 mm in one pass through a single fiber from VK-6 alloy. The dragging rate was 3m / s. In each experiment, 1 t metal was passed. In the experiments used the compositions of lubricants are presented in table. one.

The effectiveness of the tested compositions was judged by the amount of wear of the die, thermal conductivity and heat capacity of the lubricant layer formed on the metal (determined by the methods of the All-Union Scientific Research Institute of Surface-Active Substances on the ITS-4 and OTS-6 devices, respectively), as well as by the values of the amount of lubricant on the wire, the temperature of the aoloka at the end of its work, and the force of drawing, which were determined by special sensors.

Greater lubrication efficiencies correspond to lower wear and temperature of the die, thermal conductivity of the lubricating layer, dragging force and a larger value of the specific heat coefficient of the lubricating layer and the amount of lubricant on the wire.

The results of the experiments presented in

tab. 2 indicate that the new lubricant increases the resistance of the fiber by 67-100% compared with the prototype by reducing the thermal conductivity by 57-103%. an increase in the heat capacity coefficient by 38–44%, which is accompanied by an increase in the amount of lubricant on the wire by 8–41%, with a decrease in the temperature of the portage by 12–25% and a decrease in the drag force by 5–11%,

The output is beyond the optimum range of components: sodium tripolyphosphate (1.8-2.4), caustic soda (0.1-0.3%), sodium silicate (1.8-2.4), calcium hydroxide (1.8-2) , 4%), sodium soap salomas acids

(27-33%), sodium soaps FLC С21-С25 (18-25%), sodium soaps of technical fatty acids (up to 100) - reduces the effectiveness of lubrication by 5-53%.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula Dry wire drawing grease containing sodium soaps of higher fatty acids, sodium phosphoric acid, caustic soda and sodium silicate, which is different. In order to increase tool life, the lubricant as sodium salt of phosphoric acid contains sodium tripolyphosphate, as sodium soap of higher fatty acids contains sodium soaps of a mixture of salomas acids, synthetic fatty acids of C21-C25 fraction and technical fatty acids, and additionally contains calcium hydroxide at the components, wt.%: Sodium Tripolyphosphate 1.8-2.4 Caustic Soda 0.1-0.3 Sodium silicate 1.8-2.4 Calcium Hydroxide 1.8-2.4 Sodium Soaps fatty acids27-33 Sodium synthetic fatty soaps: acids of C21-C25 fraction 18-25 Sodium acid soaps technical fat Else. Table Tested lubricant compositions (components - in wt. 1; sodium soaps of technical fatty acids - up to 100%) Trisodium phosphate (high sodium fatty acid soap. Test results table 2