SU1748657A3 - Automatically-controlled drill pipe for rotary drill pipes of drilling rigs - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the drilling of directional wells of an automatically controlled drill pipe, rotating drill rods. The purpose of the invention is to increase the service life of the drill pipe by reducing the equipment elements. An automatically controlled drill pipe for rotating drill rods of drilling machines contains a drill shaft connected to the drill rod and a drilling tool with a flushing channel and mounted on the drill shaft with a rotatable body around it, on which the control rods are pivoted outside, and in the tubing space elements of hydrostatic drives, acting on control strips, and control electronic and electrical equipment, are placed. movement during the drilling process. The drill shaft has a radial connecting element for connecting the flushing channel of the drill shaft to the annular space, and rotary check valves are installed at both ends of the annular space. The annular space serves as a reservoir for the working fluid of the hydraulic system, formed by a flushing drilling mud of 2 з п. Ф 4 ил сл С

Description

The invention relates to the drilling of directional wells, namely to automatically controlled rotary drilling rigs,

Known automatically controlled drill pipe of rotating drill rods of drilling machines, including an internal drilling shaft with a flushing channel, associated with the last drilling rod of a rotating tubular drill and with a drilling tool, mounted on the drilling shaft and capable of rotating around it and forming an airtight cavity with it controls located on it

plates with piston actuators, located in the cavity between the shaft and the housing; measuring and control devices; hydraulic pump driven by the drill shaft; electric generator containing a rotor fixedly connected to the drill shaft; a pulse pressure sensor containing movable located in the radial channels of the drill shaft piston and seals mounted at the ends of the casing in the radial clearance between the end surfaces of the casing and the drill shaft

The design of these seals is due to the variety of its design elements.

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cops are expensive and unreliable. In addition, the sealing pressure of the rotary seals is not enough for high pressures of the drilling mud, which occur in deep wells, while they are deepened by several hundred or even thousands of meters. Sequentially the sealing rings of the rotational bearings must be insulated. However, already at small cavities a wedge of lubricating fluid forms between the surfaces of the rotary seals rubbing against each other. Even with the most careful installation, the drill shaft and the housing perform radial movements, which also act on the surface of the rotary seals, mutually sealing and equipped with lubricant.

Due to this, the smallest drill bit from the flushing drilling fluid is drawn into the said part with lubricant. These particles abrasively act on polished, rubbing surfaces of the rotary seal. As a result, this leads to the fact that the particles of the drilling trifles fall between the drill shaft and the housing. They destroy the shaft bearing in a short time, as well as the generator, hydraulic pumps and plastic seals of the rotary structures. Damage or destruction of these parts is especially dangerous, because this can cause loss of oil serving as working fluid. The total amount of oil available is very small, so slight loss of oil can damage the entire system.

In addition, oil contamination leads to significant disturbances in the hydraulic components of the system.

If such disturbances occur, with increasing depth they occur at increasingly shorter intervals. They can only be removed in a disassembled device. This involves removing the entire tubular drill rod from the well. The time spent on launching and re-inserting the tubular drill rod results in downtime if it does not coincide in frequency with the time required to replace the used drill tool,

The aim of the invention is to increase the service life of the drill pipe by reducing the equipment elements

Fig. 1 schematically shows an automatically controlled drill pipe, a general view: in Fig. 2 is a section A-A in FIG. one; in fig. 3 is a view B in FIG. 1; 4, a system for hydraulic control of the drill pipe

Automatically controlled drill pipe 1 (Fig. 1) for rotary drilling

drill rods have a drill shaft 2, which can be screwed onto the end of the last drill rod 3 by means of a threaded head, typical of drill rods for installations of rotary drilling

Rotating tubular drill Drilling shaft 2 has a flushing channel 4, reaching another, larger in diameter, shaft end 5, the internal thread 6 of which includes a threaded pin (not shown) of a drilling tool consisting of several conical rollers mounted on them with carbide cutters.

The drill shaft has a radial hole 7 for connecting the flushing channel 4

0 shaft with a cavity 8 between the shaft and the housing 9 on the housing with its unfolded rib ends 10 (figs are installed rotatably with U-shaped control strips 11-14, arranged 5 with an offset in each case by a quarter of a circle, the housing has surrounded U-shaped profiles of control strips 11-14 protrusions 15-18, which formed the chambers In the chamber 19 (Fig. 1) under

0 protection — placed control electronic equipment of automatic control. In the chamber 20 located below it there are crosswise oriented inclinometers 21 located, showing the actual value of the inclination of the drill rod in the well. A further piston is located in the lower chamber, which is connected to each guide bar. The rotor of the generator 22, which generates electricity, is fixedly connected to the drill shaft 2 and operates in a stator 23 fixedly mounted in the housing. The hydraulic pump 24 is located in the annular space chamber, and the hydraulic impulse sensor 25 contains a movable piston 27 located in the radial channels 26 of the drill shaft.

At both ends of the annular cavity 8, the rotary seals 28 and 29 are hermetically sealed from the flushing drilling fluid flowing between the casing 9 and the side wall 30 of the borehole. Radial bearings 31 and 32 of the drill shaft 2 are installed between the two rotary seals 28 and 29. The drain filter 33 is mounted in the radial hole 7 (in Fig. 4 it is conventionally shown adjacent to the hole 7),

In the hydraulic system (Fig. 4) of the automatic control, each plate is connected to a hydraulic pump. It is driven by an eccentric 34, which is fixedly mounted on the drill shaft 2 and, through an autonomous bearing ring 35, acts on the piston 36 to the pump. sa The radial hole 37 connects the pumping cavity of the pump cylinder with the annular cavity 8, in which the clean wash drilling fluid is located.

The check valves 38 protect the pump discharge cavity. The pump opens an electrically controlled, pre-spring-loaded 2-3-position overflow valve 39 through which the pistons 40 and 41 of the actuator (Fig. 1) are loaded, which are connected to the opposite control bars as rotary actuators. A hydrostatic system is protected through the bypass valve 42 protected by a return valve.

The plastic seals 43,44 and 45 of the rotary structures serve to protect both the hydraulic pipes 46 and 47, which load the piston of the impulse sensor. This takes place through a corresponding valve 39, a 2-3 position overflow valve 48, which is filled with clean pulp from a pneumatic spring battery 49 through a branch 50 and a bypass valve 51 with a hydraulic compressor.

The check valves 28 and 29 are installed respectively in the radial clearance 52 and 53 between the end surface 54 and 55 of the housing 9 and the ends 56 and 57 of the drill shaft 2, respectively. Each valve is provided with a sealing ring 58. previously axially stressed by means of 59 pressure spring 60 placed in the groove 61 of the housing 9. The valve seat serves as an annular surface 62 of a metal ring (yes 63, which is fixedly mounted at each end 56 and 57 of the drill shaft 2 in the groove 64 formed there.

The automatically controlled drill pipe operates as follows.

The drill pipe is driven by a drill motor installed outside the borehole (machine tools). As the well is deepened, half of the drill shaft is supplied with flushing drilling mud. The hydraulic differential pressure prevailing between the flushing drilling fluid and the flushing kangle of the drilling shaft and the flushing drilling tool at the corresponding end of the body by tapping part of the flow of the incoming pulp through the radial hole 7 serves to prevent the contaminated pulp from entering the tubular space. At the same time, this pressure drop is relatively small, so that slight differential pressures predominate in front of and behind the return valve separating the clean flushing drilling fluid and the contaminated flushing drilling fluid, which favorably affects the operation of the valves. The annular space remains filled with liquid and the pressure chamber of the hydraulic pump is connected to this space and the working cavity through the valves is connected by pipelines to the pistons of the drive for the control rods and the ends of the piston of the pulse sensor.

In operation, in accordance with the signals coming from the inclinometers 21, the control strips 11-14 are deployed and thereby hold the drill pipe 1 in a predetermined direction of drilling. Electronic equipment converts the measured values into electrical or hydraulic signals converted by the bypass valves of the hydraulic system or received by pulsed by sensors. The pulse transducer changes the cross-section of the wash channel and thereby creates differential pressure in the drilling mud, read at the mouth of the pin and converted to digital values.

The annular surfaces of the rings due to the pressure differential from the inside to the outside serve as a gr. Due to the wedge-shaped shape of the compaction gap, the area ratios of the rings are selected in such a way that the annular surfaces from the internal pressure prevailing in the annular space diverge relative to each other as soon as the internal pressure becomes greater than the external pressure. Therefore, the flushing drilling fluid can overcome the annular surface outside, however, the reverse flow is excluded.

Claims (1)

Formula of inventions 1 An automated control-drill-pipe for rotating drill rods of drilling rigs, including an internal drilling shaft with a flushing channel, connected to the last drilling rod of a rotating tubular drill and with a drilling tool, mounted over the drilling shaft to rotate around it and forming with in it there is a hermetic cavity, a case, located on it and outwardly turning control strips with piston actuators, located in the bars between the shaft and the case, measuring and control devices of the hydron boos driven by a drill shaft; an electric generator comprising a rotor fixedly coupled to the drill shaft a pulse pressure sensor comprising a movable piston located in the radial channels of the drill shaft and seals mounted on the ends of the housing in the radial clearance between the end surfaces of the housing and the drill shaft, characterized by so that, in order to increase the service life by reducing the equipment components, the drill shaft is made with a radial hole for connecting the shaft cavity with the cavity between the shaft and the pump body tatelna cavity pump channel associated with said cavity, a working cavity gid0 five the pump through the valves is connected by pipelines to the piston of the drive of the control rails and the ends of the piston of the impulse sensor, the seals being in the form of non-return valves 2 Pipe pop 1, characterized in that it is provided with a filter installed in the radial hole of the drill shaft. 3 A tube according to claims 1 and 2, which is designed so that the check valves are made in the form of a pre-Tensioned ring sealing element and a seat in the form of a metal ring, and the ends of the shaft and body have annular grooves to accommodate the sealing element and saddles 12 18 I figure 2 BudS /) 5ft- SH w4-s No