SU1743419A1 - Pneumatic drill shank - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to sowing technology. The purpose of the invention is to increase the uniformity of distribution of light, poorly flowing seeds along a row in an open groove by eliminating the effect of an air jet in the zone / J. 12 seeding and improved contact, sem. soil. The conical bell of the opener 7 of the large diameter side has a cylindrical section 8, and the discharge device is made in the form of a horizontal curved groove attached in front of the cylindrical section of the bell socket and located below it and attached to its end of the horizontal vent plate, 10 plate laterally provided with cheeks 11, mounted on a rack 2, which is located behind the discharge device and made in the form of a polosoid pressure plate 1, which is inclined to the horizontal n tali at an angle Y Ј arct: g where f, and ff are the coefficients of friction of the seed on the surface of the pressure plate 1 hp f-ly 5il. i (Л С ZS i 4-00 Ј Ј

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to pneumatic coulters coulters for sowing light, pubescent seeds (for example, tereskene seeds). Air-bushes coulters are known, consisting of a skid and a spiral bent pipe with an airflow damper.

The drawbacks of these coulters are that they use seed with spiral curved pipelines, as a result of which the wire is extended, energy consumption increases, the likelihood of poor loose seeds in the pipeline appears.

Closest to the present invention is a pneumatically split coulter comprising a stand, an adapter, a sem wire, and a discharge device in the form of a conical socket.

The disadvantage of this opener is that the discharge device in the form of a conical socket with holes along its generatrix does not provide the necessary separation of the air flow, and the velocity vectors of most of the seeds when they meet the soil are perpendicular to its surface. When the seed moves at the time of the meeting of the seeds with the soil, an oblique impact occurs and their further movement is random. As a result, the uniform distribution of seeds in a row decreases and their contact with the soil is deteriorated.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the uniformity of the distribution of light, loose seeds along the row in the open groove by eliminating the impact of the air stream in the seeding area and improving the contact of the seeds with the soil.

Improving the uniformity of sowing and contact of seeds with the soil makes it possible to reduce the seeding rate by 1.5-2 times, to increase the yield of green mass and seeds by 15-201. The ability to perform inter-row processing also contributes to increasing the competitive ability of teresken in the first phases develop.

The goal is achieved by the fact that in the opener of a pneumatic splinter, including a stand, an automatic wire and a tapered socket with an ejection device, a tapered socket on the side with a larger diameter 17 3 19

The ram has a cylindrical section, and the discharge device is made in the form of a curved mesh groove attached in front of the cylindrical section of the socket and located underneath and attached to its end of the air vent plate, while the groove with the plate is laterally provided with cheeks fixed on a stand located behind the discharge device, made in the form of a polosovid pressure plate and its middle part is inclined to the horizontal plane at an angle,

five

0

defined by the formula f - f-2.

y arctp, where f., and f

five

0

five

0

V

1, respectively, the coefficient of friction of the seed on the soil surface and the seed on the surface of the pressure plate. In contrast to the well-known pneumatic splitter, the conical socket on the larger diameter side has a cylindrical section that allows equalizing the air velocity and seed velocity in the transverse cross section, and the discharge device is made in the form of a curved net guide with an air vent plate. At the same time, the curved mesh guide allows the air flow to be separated from the sowing zone, and the seeds are provided with the necessary trajectory of movement. Installing the pressure plate inclined to the horizontal plane at an angle determined by the formula

fi - ft

arctg

allows seeds to be pressed in immediately after they hit the soil, which reduces their rolling, increases the uniformity of distribution of seeds along the row and improves their contact with the soil,

Figure 1 shows the proposed opener, side view; figure 2 is the same, front view; on fig.Z - the same, top view; in fig. - section A-A in FIG. one; Fig. 5 is a graph of the forces acting on the seeds located between the pressure plate and the soil.

The opener of an airglass consists of a half-shaped clamping plate 10

15

25

Tina 1, having a stand 2 and an adjustable spring 3 relative to the soil section (not shown) spring-loaded to the soil surface. The stand is attached to the section of the cutter by means of a hinge 4. At the ends of the stand 2 and the pressure plate 1 two side panels are leveled 5 with the right side —com 6. The conical socket 7 has a cylindrical part-8 on the larger-diameter side. In the front part of the conical socket 7, there is a curved mesh groove 9. At the end of the curved groove 9, an air vent plate 10 is installed. This section 8 is provided with two cheeks 11, covering the space above the curved groove 9 on both sides, and the discharge device is fixed to the stand 2, the Vomer also contains a pneumatic wire 12 for feeding the air from the sowing unit,

The opener works as follows. When the coulter moves along the soil, the root 6 and sidewalls of the leveling devices 5 move the soil apart and level the bed for laying the seeds. At the same time, the arm 6 seals the bed with a narrow strip under the seeds. When the seedbed is formed, the soil is shifted into two rollers (not shown), which protect the seeds in the open groove from wind blowing. ,

Seeds transported by the air stream along the sem wire 12 enter the conical socket 7. And due to the expansion of the diameter of the conical socket 7, the pressure of the air flow and the seed speed decrease, and in the cylindrical section 8 they are flattened in cross section.

From the cylindrical section 8, the air mixture is directed to the curved mesh groove 9 which allows the air flow to pass through the mesh holes and the air vent plate 10 is withdrawn from the seeding zone, and the seeds are trapped on the groove, slide along its surface and acquire a predetermined path of movement. Due to the shape of the surface of the curved mesh groove 9, the seeds move along the established trajectory and are placed in the groove. The side walls-levelers 5 additionally protect the seeding area from

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thirty

35

40

45 l to n z m

50

J5 on the fly

Uh

6

action of extraneous air flow (wind),

Usually, in order to reduce the rolling of seeds along the bottom of the furrow, to improve their contact with the soil, they are closed by soil by shedding the furrow walls. In the proposed opener, the seeds are not embedded in the soil and pressure plate 1 is used to tilt the horizontal plate. so that the angle between the soil surface and the pressure plate is within

J Ј arctg -tS-f.

Since the force of friction between the seeds and soil F., 2 (Fig. 5) is greater than the force of friction between the seeds and the pressure plate, they are fixed and pressed into the soil. As a result, the contact between the seeds and the soil improves, while the distribution of seeds in the soil improves. It is possible to reduce the seeding rate, increase the yield of green mass and seeds,

The use of the proposed vomer allows sowing seeds to be painful with the conditions most favorable for their germination and development of plants, namely conditions close to natural ones.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula 1, pneumatic air coulter, comprising a stand, an arm, a sem wire and a conical socket with an ejection device, characterized in that, in order to increase the uniformity of distribution light, poorly flowing seeds along the row in the open groove by eliminating the impact of the air jet in the seeding zone and improving the contact of the seeds with the soil, the conical socket with The large diameter side has a cylindrical section, and the discharge device 1 is made in the form of a curved mesh groove attached in front of the cylindrical section of the bell and located upright with a horizontal plate attached to its end, the groove with a plate on the sides provided with cheeks. which is located behind the discharge device and is made in the form of a polosoid pressure plate. 2, Opener pop.1, different from the fact that the middle part of the polosovid pressure plate is inclined to the horizontal plane at an angle If, determined by the formula Jcarctg f. and f- are, respectively, the coefficient of friction of the seeds on the surface of the pressure plate. & / T 777 Fig.Z 2 FIG. BUT FIG. five