SU1740657A1 - Hammering device - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention relates to the mining industry, namely to impact devices for rock destruction. The reliability of operation of the device is increased by reducing the pressure pulsations in the pressure line. The device contains a shock unit and a distributor. The case of the shock unit forms with a brisk (B) platoon, overflow and gas accumulator cavities. The distributor case and the spool form control and overflow cavities. The spool is made tubular with a shank and an active stage (AC) located between the shut-off and control axes. Shut-off juice and shank are made with diameters of equal sizes smaller than the diameter of the AC Lower and upper rods B are made with the difference of the areas of their cross section equal to 20 gp 2Ev where Qm is the volumetric capacity of the hydraulic drive, those are the mass B; Ey - impact energy B. The diameter of the driver for ska can be made larger than the diameter of the speaker. The shank can be made stepped. The spool can be made with a channel 3 arranged to periodically supply the control cavity with a pressure cavity formed by the distributor case and the AC. During the working stroke B, the platoon and overflow cavities are in communication with the pressure line. The implementation of the lower and upper rods B with the specified area difference of their cross-section reduces pressure pulsations in the pressure line Zzpf-ly And IJ I

Description

The invention relates to the mining industry, namely to impact devices for breaking rocks.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability of the device by reducing the pressure pulsation in the pressure line.

FIG. 1 shows the device in the platoon position; Fig 2 - the same, in the position of the working stroke; in fig. 3 and 4 - the second and third versions of the design of the distributor.

The device contains a shock unit having a housing 1 with radial overflow channels 2, controls 3, 4, 5 and a head 6 a differential block 7 with a piston 8 by a groove 9. the upper rod 10 and the lower rod H forming the cavity 1 with the body 1, the overflow cavity 13 and by

. &

a gas energy accumulator 14 and a distributor having a housing 15 with an overflow cavity 16, a pressure channel 17 of the pressure cavity and a drain channel 18, a drainage hole 19 and axial grooves 20 and 21, a tubular slide valve 22 with an active stage 23 controlling the skid 24 a shank 25, a shut-off valve 26, and an axial bore 27, which, with the housing 15, form a discharge chamber 28 and a control cavity 29. The distributor housing 15 contains a system of radial channels, response channels to the housing 1 of the shock unit — overflow 2, control 3, 4 and head 6. In the lower part of the housing 1 of the impactor, in conjunction with the piston 8 of the impact 7, a sealing element 30 is installed.

The cross-sectional area of the upper rod of the striker is made smaller than the cross-sectional area of the lower stem by the magnitude of the annular area of the impact pressure determined by the ratio

SK 2Qrn 0 .-. 2. bw

where SK is the annular area affected by pressure;

5shn the cross-sectional area of the lower striker head;

Zshv - the cross-sectional area of the upper stock of the striker;

Qm is the volumetric capacity of the hydraulic drive;

those are the striker mass;

Ey - energy of the strike

Alternatively (Fig. 3), the shank 25 of the spool 22 is made stepped.

Alternatively, the spool 22 is spring-loaded spring 32 and is made with a channel 33 arranged to periodically communicate the control cavity 29 with the pressure cavity formed by the cone 15 and the active stage 23 of the spool 22,

As an option, the juice controlling spool 24 of spool 22 is made with a diameter larger than the diameter of the active stage 23.

The device works as follows.

At the beginning of operation, the hammer 7 under the action of gas pressure in the energy accumulator 14 is in the lower position (Fig. 1), together with the control cavity 29 of the distributor through channel 4, the groove 9 channels 5 and 6 with the pressure channel 17 of the hydraulic drive. The spool 22 under the action of pressure pressure on the control juice 24 moves downwards, enters the shut-off valve

26 into the groove 21, the pressure channel compartment 17 and the platoon cavity 12 from the axial bore 27 and at the same time exits the shank 25 from the groove 20, together with the overflow cavity 13

the shock unit through channel 2, the overflow cavity 16 of the distributor with the discharge channel 18. Under the action of pressure on the piston 8, the face 7 begins to move upward to the cocking device, compressing the gas in

the accumulator 14 and the liquid is expelled from the cavity 13 of the overflow to the drain. When the brisk 7 reaches the upper position (Fig. 2), the groove 9 of the piston 8 communicates the control valve 29 of the distributor via channels 4 and 3 with the drain channel 18. Under the action of pressure pressure on the active stage 23, the valve 22 moves upward, expelling the liquid from the control cavity 29 to drain, comes shank 25

into the groove 20, the compartment of the overflow cavity 16 from the discharge channel 18 and at the same time leaves the stop valve 26 from the groove 21, together with the overflow cavity 13 of the shock unit through the channel 2, the overflow cavity 16 of the distributor, the axial hole 27 with the discharge channel 17 and the platoon cavity 12 through channel 6. The compressed gas of the accumulator 14 and the working fluid of the hydraulic drive entering the overflow cavity 13 begin to move

firing pin 7 down on the working stroke of the device. When the striker 7 reaches the lower position and strikes the control valve 29 of the distributor, through the channel 4, the groove 9 of the piston 8 and through the channels 5 and 6,

with the pressure channel 17, the spool 22 moves downwards. Then the cycle is repeated.

The reduction of pressure pulsations in the pressure line is achieved by communicating during the working stroke of the striker by the cavity

12 and 13 with a pressure line when performing striker with the specified difference in the cross-sectional areas of its rods.

45

Claims (4)

1. A percussion device, including a percussion block, the casing of which forms with a striker, the upper stem of which has a cross-sectional area smaller than the cross-sectional area of the lower stem, platoon cavity, overflow and gas accumulator, distr. divider, body and spool of which form control and pressure cavities, about m5 characterized by the fact that, in order to increase the reliability of the device by reducing pressure pulsations in the pressure line, the striker rods are made with a difference in the area of their cross section equal in magnitude 2Qr 2E, where Qrn is the volumetric capacity of the hydraulic drive; me is the striker mass; Ey is the impact energy of the striker, and the distributor spool is tubular with a shank and an active stage located between the shut-off and control trains, and the shut-off juice and the shank are made with equal diameters smaller than the diameter of the active stage. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the control of the spool juice is made with a diameter larger than the diameter of the active stage 3. Device pop. 1, characterized in that the shank of the spool is stepped. 4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the spool is made with a channel arranged to periodically communicate the control cavity with the pressure cavity. P 23 27 2 fig 1 sixteen 23 FIG. 2 Fig.z /////////// 23 FIG A