SU1624060A1 - Apparatus for microdischarge oxidation of rectifier metals and alloys - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to equipment for the electrolytic treatment of the surface of valve metals and their alloys. The purpose of the invention is the expansion of technological capabilities by simultaneously carrying out the process in one bath in several modes. The device contains a power source (terminals 1 and 2), an electrolyte bath 3, two conductors for two oxidized parts 5 and 6. three capacitor blocks 7, 8, 9, two semiconductor valves 10 and 11, and a mode cycling unit 12 (representing a time relay with two independent control channels for switching on and pausing in the range from 0.1 to 100 s, i.e. it works, an automatic switch or switch) Bath case 3. for electrolyte 4 is connected to the first terminal 1 of the power supply, current lead for the first parts 5 is connected to ne Vym plates of the first capacitor block 7 and the cathode of the first gate 10, current supply to the second part 6 is connected to the first electrodes of the second block 8 (A C

Description

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the capacitors and the anode of the second valve 11, the anode of the first and the cathode of the second valve 10 and 11 are connected to the first plates of the third block 9 of capacitors, and the second plates of all three blocks 7, 8, 9 of the capacitors are connected to the second terminal 2 of the power supply, and the plates of the third block 9 capacitors through cyclic unit 12. The invention relates to equipment for the electrolytic treatment of the surface of valve metals and their alloys in order to oxidize it in order to increase corrosion and wear resistance, heat resistance, to obtain electrical tional and decorative coatings and for other purposes, and can be used in mechanical engineering, aviation, chemical, electronic industry and in medicine.

The purpose of the invention is the expansion of technological capabilities by simultaneously carrying out the process in one bath in several modes.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the device; Fig. 2 is a diagram implementing the operation of the device in mode 6; Fig. 3 is a diagram implementing the operation of the device in mode 7.

The device for microarc oxidation of valve metals and their alloys contains a power source (terminals 1 and 2). bath 3 for electrolyte 4, two current leads for two / x oxidized parts 5 and 6, three blocks 7–9 capacitors, two semiconductor valves 10 and 11, and a mode cycling unit 12, which is a time relay with two independent on-and-off control channels in the range from 0.1 to 100 s, i.e. It works as a circuit breaker or switch.

The housing of electrolyte bath 3 is connected to the first power supply terminal 1, the current lead for the first part 5 is connected to the first plates of the first block of capacitors 7 and the cathode of the first valve 10, the current lead to the second part 6 is connected to the first plates of the second block of capacitors 8 and the anode of the second valve 11, the anode of the first and the cathode of the second valves 10 and 11 are connected to the first plates of the third block 9 of capacitors, and the second plates of all three blocks of 7-9 capacitors are connected to the second terminal 2 of the power supply, and the plates of the third p Mode. The expansion of technological capabilities is achieved by introducing into the device a third block of capacitors and a mode cycling unit. At the same time, the device allows to carry out the precipitation process on two parts and in different modes simultaneously in one bath. 3 il.

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its block of 9 capacitors through the block 12 cycling modes.

The device works as follows.

Mode 1. Capacity of the first 7 and second 8

the block of condensers are equal, the capacity of the third block 9 is equal to zero - disabled (Ci Ca; Cz - 0). The ratio of the cathode and anode currents on both parts x 5 and 6 is equal to

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The mode implements the operation of a known device in the anode-cathode mode. The first block 7 of capacitors is charged and discharged through the first part 5, the second block 8 through the second degel 6,

The current shift D I 1К - 1a on both parts x 5 and 6 is equal to zero.

Mode 2. The capacity of the first block of 7 capacitors is greater than the capacity of the second block 8, the capacity of the third block 9 is zero - disconnected (Ci C2; Cz 0). The ratio of good and anode currents on the first part 5 is less than one, on the second part 6 is more than one

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The second block of capacitors, as having a smaller capacitance, is charged before the first block 7, and therefore, through the second part 6, both the second block of capacitors 8 and the first block 7 are charged through vengili 10 and 11, and only the second block 8 is discharged through it. the capacitors (the first unit 1 is not allowed to discharge the valves 10 and 11). The first block of 7 capacitors is completely discharged through the first part 5, and

only partially charged through it. The exact shift of L I in both parts x 5 and 6 is identical in absolute value and proportional to the difference in capacitances L Ci - C2.

Mode 3. This mode is asymmetric.

the second mode, i.e. Ci C2. Cz 0. The result is the same as in the case of mode 2.

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W, |; I The current shift on both parts x 5 and 6 is also the same in magnitude and proportional to the difference in capacitances of the speakers.

Mode 4. The capacity of the first 7 and second

8 blocks of capacitors are equal, the capacity of the third block 9 is not equal to zero (Ci € 2; Cz 0). The ratio of the cathode and anode currents on the first part 5 is less than one, on the second part 6 - more than one:

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11a / 111a / I

This is because the third block

The 9 capacitors are charged through the second part 6 and the valve 11, and discharged through the valve 10 and the first part 5, and the first 7 and second 8 units are charged and discharged through the corresponding parts 5 and 6. The current offset in both parts 5 and 6 modulo the same and proportional to the capacity of the third block of 9 capacitors Cz, i.e.

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Thus, modes 2, 3, 4 implement the operation of the known device on the second part 6, however, without loss of energy on the discharge resistor.

Mode 5. The capacitances of the first 7 and second 8 blocks of capacitors are zero - disconnected, the capacity of the third block 9 is not equal to zero (Ci Сз 0; Сз 0). The third capacitor unit 9 is charged through the second part 6 and the valve 11, and discharged through the valve 10 and the first part 5. i.e. the first part 5 works in a purely anode mode, and the second one - in a purely cathode mode

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moreover (la) i (1k) p

Thus, by appropriate selection of the capacities of blocks 7, 8 and 9, it is quite simple to control the ratio of the cathode and anode currents on the parts without loss of energy, while processing two parts at once on asymmetric current modes in one bath, which shortens the time of obtaining a pair of parts or samples with different characteristics.

Mode 6. The capacitances of the first 7 and second 8 blocks of capacitors are zero - disconnected, the capacity of the third block 9 is not zero (Ci C2 0; C3 0), the current lead for the second part 6 is connected to terminal 1 of the power supply (Fig. 2a) . The first part 5 is processed in a pure anode mode at the maximum voltage value,

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since the third block 9 of capacitors is charged through the valve 11 to a voltage Ez equal to the amplitude value of the voltage at terminals 1 and 2 Ui, 2 (in the case of an industrial network 380 V, 50 Hz - up to 540 V). When operating in mode 5, the third block 9 of capacitors is charged to a voltage Ez. smaller by the amount of incidence on the second part 6 (Un) n than in mode 6, i.e. to voltage E3 Ui, 2- (Uic) ii.

The maximum value of the anode voltage will then be (Ua) i Ui.2 + Ez, i.e. 2 U 1.2 for mode b (1080 V) and 2 Ui.2- (UK) n for mode 5.

Mode 7. The capacitances of the first 7 and second 8 blocks of capacitors are zero - disconnected, the capacity of the third block 9 is not equal to zero (Ci C2 0; C & 0), the current lead for the first part 5 is connected to terminal 1 of the power supply (FIG. 3) . The second part is machined in a purely cathodic mode with a maximum voltage value (U ") n 2 U 1.2. Mode 7 implements the operation of the known device in the cathode mode.

Mode 8 - cycling. The cycling of the regimes is carried out in order to create new technological processes and to soften the process in the anodic-cathodic mode, which allows to prevent the resonant self-excitation of the arc discharge.

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and microarc attenuation with respect to

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at the final stages of the process. The design of the cycling unit 12 allows the third capacitor unit 9 to be automatically switched on and off for a certain period of time in the range of 0.1-100 sec. As a result, in mode 4, the first component 5 operates in anode-cathode mode alternately with ratios I

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and the second part 6 - at ratios:

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In mode 6 and 7, when switching on the mode cycling unit 12 as an automatic switch, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, a purely anodic and anode-suitable mode alternates, respectively, with a ratio of -1 to

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the first part 5 or purely cathodic and anodic-cathodic regime with

PM 1 on the second part 6. Last

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realizes in full the work of the known device. The boundaries of the cycling intervals are 0.1 - 100 s. They were determined experimentally as limit values: below 0.1 s, the system does not have time to react, above 100 s it is irreversibly rebuilt.

Thus, the considered set of modes 1 - 8 completely overlaps the work of known devices and greatly expands their capabilities.

This device with the simplicity of the technical implementation allows realizing simultaneous processing of two parts in one bath on asymmetric current modes with unlimited regulation of the ratio of cathodic and anodic currents without energy loss. At the same time of processing the part, it is oxidizable at

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has a hardness higher than the part, oxidizable at a ratio

c) 1 that allows in one cycle to get a pair of friction with an optimal ratio of hardness of response parts.

In the study of the influence of the ratio

no - on the properties of the coating given la

This allows the experiment to be halved, since samples can be coated in pairs on asymmetric current modes. Cycling of various modes allows developing new technological processes and improving the quality of coatings by softening the process in the anode-cathode mode when operating on a variable ratio of cathode and anode currents.

In addition, processing is possible one

parts in a purely anodic or purely cathodic mode with an increase in the maximum voltage value, which also expands the technological and experimental capabilities,

Claims (1)

Claims An apparatus for microarc oxidation of valve metals and their alloys, comprising a power source with two terminals, an electrolyte bath, the corg. of which is connected to the first terminal of the power source, two valves, two current leads for two oxidized parts and two blocks of capacitors, the second plates of which Connected to a second power supply terminal, characterized in that, in order to expand technological capabilities by simultaneously conducting the process in one bath in several modes, it is equipped with a third block of capacitors and a mode cycling unit with independent control of on and pause, and the current supply for the first part is connected with the first the plates of the first block of capacitors and the cathode of the first valve, the current supply for the second part is connected to the first plates of the second block of capacitors and the anode of the second valve, achod of the first -.i the cathode of the second valve is with the first plates of the third block of capacitors, and the second plate of the third block of capacitors is connected to the second terminal of the power source through the cycling unit modes. - 51 79  X / / 2/0 Ldgo 9f . Yaj ha irJ J 4 FIG. 2 9- / A M J #