SU1698035A1 - Arrangement for automatically replacing tool - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to mechanical engineering, in particular to the machine tool industry, and can be used in multi-tool machines for complex machining of parts. The purpose of the invention is the expansion of technological capabilities by enabling the tool change in both vertical and horizontal spindles located on opposite sides. The automatic tool changer comprises a housing adapted to move in two mutually perpendicular planes, in which a shaft is mounted that carries a mechanical arm with grips 29, 30, which are fixed to the ends of the additionally inserted spline shaft 28. The splined shaft 28 is installed in Traverse 24 is coaxial with the latter with the possibility of movement relative to traverse 24, as well as rotation from drive 37. 10 Il. J

Description

The invention relates to mechanical engineering, in particular to the machine tool industry, and can be used in multi-tool machines for complex machining of parts.

The aim of the invention is the expansion of technological capabilities by providing the possibility of changing tools in both vertical and horizontal spindles located on opposite sides.

FIG. 1 shows an auto-operator installed on a machine; in fig. 2 - auto operator, general view; in fig. 3 is a view along arrow A in FIG. 2; in fig. 4 shows a section BB in FIG. 3; in fig. 5 shows a section B-B in FIG. 2; in fig. 6 - section G-Y in FIG. five; in fig. 7 is a section d-d in fig. four; in fig. 8 is a section E-E of FIG. 2;

in fig. 9 is a section view of FIG. four; in fig. 10 is a section of an LF in FIG. eight.

The device for automatic tool change is located on the portal installed in front of the spindle head 1 (Fig. 1), consisting of racks 2 and cross bar 3. On the cross bar 3 guides, a carriage 4 is installed with a drive 5 for its horizontal movement and a drive 6 for vertical movement the slide 7 along the guides of the carriage 4. At the lower end of the slide 7, an auto-operator 8 is fixed.

The operator 8 includes a housing 9 (Fig. 2.10) fixed to the slider by means of the plates 10, 11 and racks 12, in which the rotary shaft 13 is vertically mounted, carrying a two-gripping mechanical arm 14 (Fig. 2),

smiling about

00

about

SL SP

The rotation drive shaft 13 includes a motor 15 (Fig. 10) with a gear 16 on the drive hall of the engine 15, which meshes with the gear 17 mounted on the shaft 13. The rotation of the shaft 13 is limited by the stops 18 and 19 (Fig, 8), mounted on the housing 9.

The position of the shaft 13 and, consequently, of the arm 14 is fixed by a locking mechanism mounted on the key 20 (Fig. 10} in the housing 9 consisting of a sleeve 21 in which the piston-lock 22, which is spring-loaded 23, moves.

The two-gripped mechanical arm 14 comprises a yoke 24 (Fig. 4, 6), carrying four linear bushings 2B (Fig. 8), along which two guide rods 26 move (Fig. 5, Fig. 8). On the rods 26 on both sides two straps 27 (Fig. 4, b) are fixed, through which the spline shaft 28 (Fig. 4) is passed, at the ends of which the clamps 29 and 30 are fixed, which are directed in opposite directions. The spline shaft 28 is mounted in the cross beam 24 and the bars 27 so as to rotate around its longitudinal axis from the initial position, for example, 90 ° in both directions until the stop screws 31 and 32 are in contact (Fig. 9} with a double-sided stop 33 located on the bar 27.

Each position of the spline shaft 28, and consequently of the grippers 29 and 30 around the longitudinal axis, is fixed by a latch 34 mounted on the bar 27 consisting of the rod 35 and the spring 36 (Fig. 6).

The rotational drive of the spline shaft 28 includes a motor 37 (FIG. 4) mounted in the cross beam 24, a gear 38. mounted on the drive shaft of the engine 37 engaged with the gear 39 mounted on the splined shaft 28 and limited from the axial movement of the cross bar 24. Furthermore The splined shaft 28 is mounted with the possibility of reciprocating axial movement, which is carried out from, for example, a double-sided hydraulic cylinder 40 (FIG. 4) installed in the crosspiece 24.

The hydraulic cylinder 40 contains a piston 41, arms 42, at the ends of which, in turn, are lugs 27 fixedly interconnected with the splined shaft 28.

The supply of oil under pressure to the hydraulic cylinder 40 is made through fittings 43.

The grippers 29 and 30 consist of the body of the grippers 44 (Fig. 7), spring-loaded with spring 45, levers 46 mounted on axles 47 and in contact with the stops 48.

The stops 48 cooperate with the beveled surfaces of the wedge 49 mounted on the rod 50 of the hydraulic cylinder 51. The rod 50 is pressed against the spring 52, which abuts against the flange 53, which simultaneously serves as a centering element for the tool 54.

The supply of oil under pressure to the hydraulic cylinder 51 is carried out through the nozzle 55. The auto operator works as follows.

The tool change takes place according to the programmed cycle from the system.

CNC.

When changing the tool in the vertical spindle, the drive 5 is turned on (Fig. 1) and the carriage 4 moves to the tool magazine, the drive 6 turns on, the slider 7 moves down to the tool and the operator 8 stops near the magazine at the level of the desired tool slot.

At the command of the CNC oil under pressure

the right cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 40 is supplied (Fig. 4} and the piston 41 with the help of the rods 42 moves the rails 27 with the splined shaft 28 and the grip 29 towards the tool. During the movement of the grip

29, the levers 46 (FIG. 7) cover the mandrel of the tool 54 for a special juice. At this time, in the hydraulic cylinder 51, the oil is under pressure. The spring 52 is compressed, and the wedge 49 is retracted to the left, the left ends of the levers

46 divorced. After the levers 46 have gripped the mandrel of the tool 54, the oil pressure in the cylinder 51 is released by the control command, the spring 52 moves the wedge 49 to the right and spreads the stops 48, which

press the right ends of the levers 46, carried out the clip. Amendments. Oil under pressure is fed into the left cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 40 (Fig. 4) and the grip 29 with the tool 54 is withdrawn from the magazine.

Then the auto-operator 8 is raised by the slider 7 to the programmed height, the carriage 4 moves in the direction of the spindle head 1 and stops in the zone of the arm 14. All this time the latch

22 (FIG. 10) is engaged with gear 17, protecting the arm 14 from turning. Then, over the cycle of the CNC control system, the latch 22 is shifted to the left under the action of the pressure of the supplied oil, and the arm 14 is released.

The engine 15 (Fig. 10) operates and the rotation through the gears 16 and 17 is transmitted to the arm 14. The arm 14 is turned clockwise by 90 ° (Fig. 3) until it stops 18 (Fig. 8). The gripper 29 with tool 54 is directed toward the spindle. Thus, the tool 54 turned out to be in the waiting position near the headstock 1 with a vertically positioned spindle.

At the command of the CNC, the oil is fed into the right cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 40 and the splined shaft 28 with the gripper 29 moves to the machine spindle. The tool 54 becomes coaxial with the spindle. The auto operator 8 is raised by the slider 7 and the tool holder 54 is inserted into the spindle.

The oil is supplied to the hydraulic cylinder 51 (Fig. 7), the wedge 49 is displaced to the left, the left ends of the levers 46 are separated, and the tool is pressed in the grip.

The oil is then supplied to the left cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 40 (Fig. 4) and the free gripper 29 is removed from the spindle,

At the time of the technological transition, the grip 29 takes a new tool from the store. The movement of the auto operator 8 to the magazine is carried out in reverse order. With the new tool, the auto-operator 8 moves through the automatic cycle to the machine spindle, the arm 14 rotates 90 ° counterclockwise until it stops 19 (Fig. 8) with the free grip 30 towards the spindle, stops in the waiting position.

At the end of the technological transition, pressure is supplied to the left cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 40 and the free gripper 30 moves to the tool in the spindle. The gripper 30 clamps the tool holder.

By moving the slider 7 down, the tool is taken out of the spindle. The pressure is applied to the right side of the cylinder 40 and the tool grip 30 is retracted from the spindle.

The latch 22 is retracted from the gear 17, the engine 15 is triggered, the arm 14 is swiveling 180 °, gripping 29 with the new tool to the spindle and, similarly to the previous cycle, enters the spindle.

Then the cycle repeats.

 The tool in the horizontal spindle is as follows.

The movement of the arm 14 from the initial position to the magazine, the gripping of the tool and its removal from the magazine slot occurs in a manner similar to the tool change cycle in the vertical spindle.

Then, the slider 7 moves the operator 8 up to the programmed height and kaetka 4 to the side of the headstock 1 to the zone of action of the hand 14, not the income to the headstock 1 or move it, depending on which side the spindle is located. At the command of the CNC, the engine 34 is turned on (FIG. 4} and, through gear 35 and gear 36, which sits on the splined shaft 28, rotates it 90 ° around the longitudinal axis in a clockwise direction

the contact of the stop 33 with the stop screw ohm 32 (Fig. 9) - if the spindle is on the right side of the headstock 1, and counterclockwise until the contact of the stop 33, the stop screw 31 if the spindle is on the left side of the headstock 1.

Each of the sin positions of the slotted hall 28 is secured by a latch 35 (Fig. 6) mounted in the housing 34 fixed on the bar 27. Then the arm 14 rotates 90 ° in the horizontal plane ps clockwise so that the tool shank is directed toward the spindle . The latch 22 (Fig, 10) fixes

the position of the shaft 13. and hence the hands 14. The fixed positions of the shaft 13 and the shaft 28 are monitored by sensors. With the slider 7, the operator 8 rises to the alignment position of the tool holder.

and spindle. The input and output of the tool from the spindle is carried out by moving the entire auto-operator 8 by the carriage 7.

The operations of clamping / pressing the tool in the hand are performed similarly to the cycle when

tool change in the vertical spindle.

The device allows you to expand technological capabilities by implementing an automatic tool change and

in all the verticals and in horizontal spindles x, located on two sides, by equipping the device with a slotted shaft with grippers rigidly fixed on its ends, installed with the possibility of

rotation around the longitudinal axis in both directions, depending on the location of the spindle.

Claims (1)

The invention of the device for the automatic change a tool comprising a housing movable in mutually perpendicular planes in rozukh, with a scar mounted therein and associated with a rotary drive carrying mechanical arm 1-, imgayuschuyu horizontal traverse with clamps, located pivotally from the corresponding drive, characterized in that. that, in order to expand the technological possibilities, the grippers are arranged to rotate in a vertical plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the crosshead by means of an additionally inserted splined shaft, at the ends of which the grips are fixed, the splined shaft being installed inside the crosshead, coaxially with the latter, movable relative to the crosshead with rotational drive. / 7  Vida Jljl At f -1 | Jff four: - 2 4 26 k x - K-y SSSSxx S 27 / -Sh B-B 26 FIG. five Yr 26 k R  i fe.5 ti 53 E-E FIG. 7 Fig 9 -x FIG. 1O 17