SU1692415A1 - Method for preparation of in-calf heifers for lactation - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to animal husbandry. The purpose of the invention is to improve the productive qualities and reduce the incidence of mastitis in animals. Starting from 6 months of pregnancy twice a day for 4-5 minutes is stroked with subsequent pneumomassage with a variable vacuum. Simultaneously with the udder pneumomassage, the alternating vacuum is massaged with stimulating pulses with a pulsation frequency of 10-15 Hz at a vacuum of 4-5 KPa. The method increases the fat content of milk by 5у0, the intensity of milk release by 14%, reduce the incidence of mastitis by 5-6 times 2 tabl

Description

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The invention relates to animal husbandry.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the productive qualities and reduce the incidence of animal mastitis.

The drawing shows a device for implementing the method.

It contains a pulsator 1 6t of the milking unit ADF, a source of alternating vacuum and stimulating pulses connected by a hose 2, on which clip 3 is installed, with a massage bell 4.

Massage bell 4 is made in the form of a hollow bowl with a shaped cut in the shape of the udder, edged around the perimeter of elastic rubber in contact with the body of the animal during the massage. Bell 4 has a throttle hole 5, which communicates its cavity with the atmosphere, reducing the vacuum to the required value

The method is carried out as follows.

Starting from 6 months of pregnancy for the first 7-10 days. heifers begin to be taught to massage and to preparatory operations for machine milking in a milking machine while the pulsator is running. At the same time, stroking, kneading and vibration of the udder are performed. After the preparatory stage, for 2 months 2 times a day for 4-5 minutes a udder pneumomassage is performed simultaneously with alternating vacuum pulses with a frequency of I Hz and stimulating pulses with a frequency of 10-15 Hz at a vacuum inside the bowl of the massage bell 4-5 kPa

For pneumomassage, the pulsator 1 is connected to a constant vacuum source (not shown) with the clamp 3 closed on the hose 2.

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the bell 4 is guided under the belly of the animal onto the mammary gland, blocking the throttle hole 5 and opening the clamp 3. When vacuum is applied to the cavity of the bell 4, a vacuum is created and it sticks to the animal's body. After the massage bell 4 is sucked, the throttle hole 5 is opened and pneumatic massaging of the udder with alternating vacuum pulses with a frequency of I Hz and stimulating pulses with a frequency of 10-15 Hz created by the pulsator 1 occurs. The massage is carried out for 4-5 minutes and then the clamp 3 blocks the flow of vacuum in the cavity of the bowl and the massage bell is removed.

In the second half of the pregnancy of the heifers, the ability of the udder to perceive effects that stimulate the development of the capacitive system of the udder is the highest. The directional effect (massage) allows the formation of a high level of the secretory activity of the mammary gland, which contributes to an increase in the milk productivity of heifers. It has been established by experiments that the main frequency, necessary for affecting the mammary gland of an animal in order to increase its milk productivity, is in the range of 10-15 Hz. The magnitude of the vacuum in the bowl of the massage bell, equal to 4-5 kPa, reduces the painful effect on the outfall of the animal and is optimal. Large vacuum contributes to animal disease with mastitis, with less vacuum massage bell falls from the udder.

Example. The studies were carried out on four groups of animals analogous to the living mass, the period of pregnancy, the productivity of mothers and the state of health according to the following scheme:

Group (control) without massage

II group manual massage

Group III pneumomassage with variable vacuum with a serial pulsator

Group IV massage according to the proposed method with a pulsator from the milking apparatus ADS.

In each group, there were 10 hells of 6-month pregnancy. You are massaged in the machines of the automated milking machine UDA-8. The first three days of animals are taught to eat the feed in the milking machine, then five days to manual massage, then begin to connect the massage device for 1 min, gradually increase the duration of the operation up to 4-5 min, Massage animals II, HI and IV The groups are held for 2 months. At the first signs of udder edema, the massage is stopped, but the animals continue to be pushed into the machine tools of the installation, where they check the state of the mammary gland and fix the forming components of the milk retreat reflex. Feeding in all four

groups identical. After calving, all animals in the daily ration receive the same amount of coarse (hay) and juicy (senes, silage) feed. Feed concentrates. The maintenance of animals is confined to the preparation for calving and after the calving. In the experiment, study the morphological and physiological properties of the udder, milk production for 305 days of lactation, the behavior of animals during milking,

5 monitors the state of the udder.

Tests show that the mammary gland develops better in animals that are used to massage the ear. The largest main measurements of the mammary gland were found in cows in the group where the massage was carried out according to the proposed method, i.e., a variable vacuum and stimulating impulses with a frequency of 10-15 Hz. Girth by 18.6%, length by 13.1%, width by 14.2%

5 more than the peers of the control group. Udder massage also has a positive effect on the intensity of milk withdrawal, milk production and the fat content of milk.

0 The change of these parameters depending on the type of massage is given in table. 1. Studies show that the massage of the udder of the heifers with the proposed method allows to increase the milk production of animals by 25%, the fat content of milk by 6% and more than 30% the intensity of lactation compared to animals that did not massage. Productivity increases by 7% compared

0 with animals that have been massaged by the udder with a variable vacuum.

In addition to the above parameters, tests show that animals that underwent an udder massage turned out to be the most prepared for milking. Already on the first day after calving, 70% of these animals stood out calmly, and by the 10th day all animals had adapted to the milking process completely.

0 At the same time, 70% of animals that did not undergo a massage had to be confused on the first day, and 40% of them - on the tenth day.

The proposed method provides

5 the following advantages in comparison with the known method of preparing heifers for lactation:

a) milk fat increases by 5%:

b) the intensity of the milk secretion increases by 14%;

c) the use of stimulating pneumo-pulses leads to a softer massage regime, as a result of which the incidence of animals with mastitis decreases by a factor of 5-6 (see Table 2).

In addition, massage using conventional alternating vacuum to avoid mastitis, stops 15-20 days before calving, and using the proposed method 1-2 days before calving, does not cause negative effects.

0

Claims (1)

Claims of Invention A method of preparing neteps for lactation, including stroking and pneumatic massaging of the udder with a variable vacuum twice a day for 4-5 minutes, starting from 6 months of pregnancy, characterized in that, in order to improve productive qualities and reduce morbidity animals with mastitis, simultaneously with the pneumomassage of the udder with a variable vacuum, it is massaged with stimulating pulses with a pulsation frequency of 10-15 Hz at a vacuum of 4-5 kPa. Table 1 Table 2 / L Јalu (yy. / G 0Ј0а at o Ј