SU16804A1 - Paraffin gacha deoiling method - Google Patents

Description

Paraffin crystals possess the ability to form stitches and concentrates. With a decrease in the oil content, this ability increases due to the fact that the crystalline formations in this case are less separated by the oil. This ability is highly developed when the content in paraffin of olo is 30-35% of oils, and with a decrease in this content increases even more.

Raising the temperature to limits close to the melting points, at least low-melting paraffins, further contributes to the concentration of crystalline paraffin mass; Near the beginning of melting, the process of paraffin wax recrystallization is facilitated: for example, already at 30 - 35 ° paraffin with the mentioned oil content gives a crystalline concentrate, which is very easily separated from the oil by means of pressing and squeezing. In case of technical sweating, gacha oil can be released only from the surface of the paraffin mass. The paraffin released from the oil, with increasing sweating temperatures, forms, mainly on the surface of the gacha, the stress, very quickly leading to the formation of a film, and then a paraffin crust, which no longer passes the oil, which leads to the cessation of the sweating process, and strengthen it, raise

chamber temperature Low melting paraffins also completely melt at the same time, and the transition to the oil solution lowers its viscosity and facilitates the seepage of oil. In order for this de-oiling process to end, a relatively high temperature rise for a long time and the loss of low-melting paraffins is required.

Under the same conditions, the process of filter pressing paraffin distillates in its final stages is also in progress. When the bulk of the oil has already been filtered off and the mass left in the paraffinist’s filter press has become thick and viscous, the filtering already takes place mainly from the surface of the remaining mass, resulting in a plastic crust of paraffin crystals, compacted to the same external pressure. This crust stops the further oil release and the limit comes, beyond which, with a further increase in pressure, the oil is pressed out.

The use of mechanical factors can greatly improve the process of deoiling.

In the proposed method of paraffin gacha decompression, it is produced not by sweating, but by punching gacha through a filter fabric sleeve fixed in a rigid frame with a posteethenically narrowed section ending with a valve regulating the size of the outlet. Then, the gach is pressed through a series of flexible sleeves made of filter cloths in which the young are subjected to mint. Along the axis of the sleeve is a narrow perforation tube or chamber, through which water is supplied heated to a certain temperature, washing the crushable and simultaneously moving to the advantageous opening with the aid of rolls gach.

In FIG. 1 shows a front view, with a partial section of the apparatus, for de-oiling paraffin wad; FIG. 2 is a top view with partial cut; FIG. 3 shows a section along the line CD in FIG. one; FIG. 4 is a front view of an adaptation for cold deoiling; FIG. 5 shows a section along the line AB in FIG. four; and FIG. b is the same along the line CZ) in FIG. 4.

A substantial part of the apparatus is a sleeve of durable filter fabric 1, which is reinforced for convenience in a rigid metal frame (Fig. 1-3). Thus, the sleeve has a top and bottom rigid, and the sides are soft, made of filter cloth. At one end, it is connected by a pipe 2 of considerable diameter, for example, 3 inches, to a plunger pump supplying oil-paraffin material, and on the opposite side ends with a narrower tube with a valve 3 regulating the release of the already processed material. A tube 4 is inserted in the sleeve in the middle of the tube, or even better, the chamber is narrow, punched out from the sides with small holes. The young serves to feed water at a specific temperature inside the hose and is connected to a water supply pump.

The gatch moves along the hose under the pressure control valve 3 and is rinsed with water supplied through the pipe 4. The water mechanically breaks up the mass of the gacha, rinses off the oil and together with the latter is filtered through the fabric of the sleeve. Through hole 3 comes to some extent or another disfigured material. In order to prevent the exit through the opening 3 also of water that carries with it the oil, / which the material can be re-filled, the sleeve is fixed in an inclined

position so that the sleeve is raised to the side of the hole 3, and lowered to the side of the hole 2: then the paraffin material and water exfoliate due to the difference in specific gravity; paraffin rises to the side of the hole 3, the water drops to the side of the hole 2; In the sleeve, a countercurrent of water is created with the material being washed — oil and paraffin.

The deoiling process is significantly improved by the moth. Wax material is therefore subjected to alternating grinding and crushing processes in the sleeve. The tooling device consists of rotating rollers 5 (for example, wooden ones on iron axles), mounted in two rigid frames on both sides of the sleeve. The frames with rollers move in the direction of movement of the product in the sleeve, compress the sleeve and facilitate the movement of the product in it. At idle, the frames are moved apart and moved in the opposite direction, so that the rollers do not touch the sleeves. In this way, the frames with the rollers return to their initial position, from which their working, above-described turn, begins again. ,

The dehumidified ntr of varying degrees form j opo4Ky paraffin on the sides facing the filter cloth. This plastic wax crust is further compacted during the rollers; rollers bend it to the middle vertical section along the length of the sleeve. But as soon as the roller passed beyond this deflection, the pressure of water and other masses inside the sleeve immediately bends the crust in the opposite direction, removing it from the axis of the sleeve; the crust is broken and crushed, giving water and oil a way to the sleeve, and filtration takes place with new energy.

It is possible to increase the length of the sleeve, for which several sections are arranged in one, passing one into another through a simple constriction of the sleeve. Only paraffin will pass from such a section from one section to another, and water will not pass with oil. The movement of material in the first section is mainly achieved by a pump, and in the next, almost exclusively.

rolls. The last section ends with a control valve 3. In FIG. 1 and 2 two sections are shown.

It is more convenient to introduce water into the first section not through a special tube, but from the same pump that is intended for feeding the gacha. Gach presents a known difficulty for feeding into a plunger pump; crushed in water, it is easily pumped.

The temperature of the water supplied to each section is constant, but in different sections it varies and rises from the first section to the next. For example, three sections with the following supply water temperatures are sufficient: the first section is 20 °; second -3 0 °; one third - 40. Paraffin material takes a temperature close to the temperature in each section. At 20 ° C, the oil can be washed off with water and the installation will produce commodity in the form of match paraffin (rich in fusible paraffins, as opposed to the existing type of installations, where these paraffins go into edema). In the second and third sections, this material can be sorted into two new ones.

In the form of edema, match sections will also receive match paraffin with a low melting point, which can be enhanced to the norm by the addition of high melting wax from the last section. Basically, high melting paraffin will be obtained from the last section. To high temperatures (e.g., 50 ° C) it is necessary to raise the temperature of the water only to produce particularly high melting paraffins; in the edema, conventional paraffin wax will then be obtained. The pressure in the sleeve will be about 2 atmospheres.

The described method is suitable not only for de-oiling Gachi, but also for replacing the final stages of filter-pressing paraffin distillates at low temperatures (-5 to 0 °).

For the initial stages of cold deoiling, the device shown in FIG. 4-6. Sleeve 1 where it is pumped through pipe 2 Paraffin cooled cooled distillate

has a narrowing clearance in the direction of movement toward exit 3. This latter has the form of a slit, the lumen of which can be narrowed with a vise 5 until completely closed. The sleeve has a rigid mesh or perforated frame 4 with a large number of holes located along its entire surface. Filtration begins with the outlet closed 3, injected chilled paraffin distillate from the wide side of the sleeve, and pressurized to higher limits (8-10 atmospheres). The stiff rim of the sleeve guarantees its integrity and strength at these pressures. In the narrowed part of the sleeve, due to the small thickness of the layer, the filtering of the oil is most intensive, and it is adjusted to the desired degree of de-oiling, which is controlled by taking a sample from opening 3 with open vices 5. When satisfactory quality begins to flow out of the opening, so that the pressure is established in the sleeve, which ensures a sufficient release of satisfactorily deoiled oil out of the sleeve. The process is then continuously; its stroke is controlled by changing the lumen of the hole 3, as a result of which gach is obtained, which goes to the final processing according to the method described above.

The subject of the patent.

Paraffin gachi de-oiling method, characterized in that the latter is continuously pushed first through a filter fabric sleeve, with a gradually narrowing lumen, placed in a rigid perforated frame and provided with a control clip at the output end to change the lumen of the outlet opening, and then section, where the gach is continuously exposed to external mint with the help of rolls, which simultaneously move the gach to the output kHn1; y, and the washing with elevated water and strictly fixed temperature.