SU1652333A1 - Solid-phase fermentation apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the microbiological industry, to installations for the enzymatic decomposition of plant substrates. The purpose of the invention is to increase productivity by increasing the filling ratio and more fully decomposing the substrate. The fermenter comprises a housing 1 with process nozzles, a device for accommodating a substrate disposed in the housing 1, comprising rods 13 arranged in several horizontal rows in height and area of the housing 1, attached to the rotary shafts 14, the latter equipped with levers and actuators. For unloading the target product serves as a conveyor 8 with a belt 10 and scrapers 9, equipped with a drive. The shafts 14 are mounted on supports. The fermentable substrate is poured from one level of the rods 13 to the underlying and then discharged from the housing. During the fermentation process, the substrate is aerated through the nozzle 3. The plant provides, along with a periodic and continuous process, the decomposition of plant waste to produce fertilizer as the final product. 2 Il. (L

Description

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The invention relates to the microbiological industry of equipment for the enzymatic processing of plant waste and can be used in the preparation of fertilizers.

The aim of the invention is to increase productivity by increasing the filling ratio and more fully decomposing the substrate.

1 shows a fermenter, a longitudinal section; FIG. 2 is a section A-A in FIG. one .

The solid phase fermenter comprises a housing 1 with a pipe 2 for loading the substrate, a pipe 3 for supplying aeration air, a pipe 4 for unloading the target product and a pipe 5 for exhaust gas discharge, a device for loading and distributing the substrate, which is a horizontal conveyor 6 located in the upper part of the housing 1 and equipped with scrapers 7, a device for unloading the target product, including a horizontal scraper conveyor 8 installed at the bottom of the housing 1 with scrapers 9 and placed between its tape 10 flooring 11. Inside the housing 1 is placed a device for placing the substrate, consisting of substrate support surfaces 12 arranged in several horizontal rows along the height of housing 1, each of the supporting surfaces 12 being formed across the housing 1 across its entire area rows of parallel rods 13 attached to the rotary shafts 14 to transfer the substrate from the surface 12 to the underlying surface. The rods 13 are arranged in a checkerboard pattern to hold the substrate on the surface 12. In addition, each of the conveyors 6 and 8 is provided with an actuator 15 and 16, respectively. Swivel shafts 14 are mounted on supports 17 and provided with levers 18 for turning them.

The fermenter works as follows.

After washing and sterilization of the internal volume of the housing 1 through the pipe 3, the substrate is loaded. The conveyor 6 during its movement distributes the substrate on the surface 12, located directly under the conveyor 6. Then

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through the nozzle 3, aerating air is supplied and the first stage of fermentation is carried out.

Thanks to the gaps between the rods

13, air is allowed to pass through the porous mass of substrate in a direction perpendicular to the surface 12.

When air moves in a porous medium with growing colonies of microorganisms, heat exchange takes place, which governs the cultivation conditions by temperature, water activity, oxygen content and carbon dioxide.

The residence time of the cultured mass on the upper surface 12 corresponds to the total fermentation time divided by the number of these surfaces.

After this period, the shafts

14, the arms 18 rotate around an axis 90 °. The rods 13 assume a vertical position and thereby free up the space between the shafts 14. The medium under the influence of gravity is poured onto the lower surface 12, where the fermentation process continues. The shafts of the upper surface 12 are set to their original position, and it is again filled with fermentation medium with the substrate through the nozzle 3. From the lower surface 12 after fermentation, the medium is poured onto the floor 11 and under the action of the scrapers 9 is moved to the unloading nozzle 4 and removed from the housing 1. Thus, cyclic fermentation is carried out in the entire volume of housing 1.

If necessary, you can download all surfaces 12 of the housing 1 at the same time. For this, all surfaces are exposed for the loading period.

12from the bottom.

The presence in the installation structure of the bearing surfaces 12 formed by the rods 13 arranged in a checkerboard pattern and the turning shafts 14 provides an increase in the fill factor of the housing 1, since the rods 13 can move, i.e. transfer the substrate from the level to the level in the layer of granular medium without its capture, without the required space for rotation.

Periodic movement of rods

The 13 adjacent shafts 14 relative to each other result in mutual cleaning30

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ke system for the passage of air through the layers of the substrate, which ensures the stability of aeration of the fermented mass in a wide range of humidity and adhesion properties of the medium, which leads to a more complete decomposition.

Claims (1)

The ability to sprinkle the substrate from the surface to the surface and the possibility of permanent or periodic removal of the target product and the addition of fresh portions of the substrate ensures the continuity of the enzymatic decomposition of the plant substrates, which, together with an increased case filling ratio, leads to an increase in productivity. Invention Formula A solid phase fermenter containing a sealed enclosure with technological 0 branch pipes, a device for loading and distributing the substrate, a device for unloading the target product and a device for placing the substrate in the housing, consisting of supporting surfaces for the substrate, arranged in several horizontal rows along the height of the housing, characterized in productivity by increasing the filling ratio and more fully decomposing the substrate, each of the supporting surfaces is formed by rows of parallel rods located across the body over its entire area, fixed to the rotary shafts to pour the substrate, while the rods are placed in a checkerboard pattern to hold the substrate. sixteen  Rig.2