SU1643873A1 - Device for incineration of waste materials - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to waste incineration devices and can be utilized in a public utility and industry while decontaminating solid matter. The aim of the invention is to improve the efficiency of the device. In the waste incinerator, the combustion chamber 1 is designed to expand the narrowed part of wall modules 2, each of which is made with the possibility of independent movement relative to others. Two rows of chains 11 and 12 are placed inside the combustion chamber, while the bottom row is located between the supply pipes of the oxidizer, and the upper row above the pipes The design of the device ensures reliable movement of waste and waste through the entire volume of the combustion chamber (eliminates air flow, destroys the sintering of ash, and leads to prompt conclusion of the drain: and cameos Combustion, which will allow to increase qv1 x j burning process, and this, in turn, denies the quality of disposal of waste 1 of ff, 2 or Ј

Description

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This invention relates to garbage incinerators and can be used in public utilities and industry in the disposal of solid waste.

The aim of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the device.

FIG. 1 shows a waste incinerator, general view; in fig. 2 - the combustion chamber.

The waste incinerator comprises a combustion chamber 1 made of wall-modules 2, which are bounded on all sides by monolithic concrete walls 3. Wall-modules 2 in the upper part move along hinge 4, and the lower part along guide 5 installed above the bunker - ash trap 6. The movement of the wall-modules 2 produces a mechanism 7. In the lower part of the combustion chamber 1, a suction system 8 is located, which has a triangular cross section. On the module walls 2 there are air inlets 9 with nozzles 10. Inside the combustion chamber 1 there are two rows of chains - the bottom 1 and the top 12. From the ash bin 6 to the hopper 13, the ash is moved by a scraper conveyor 14. Control the combustion process is carried out according to the indications of the combined sensor 15. The ignition of the waste is carried out by the ignition devices 16. located in the lower part of the wall of the module 2. To transfer the waste, the device is equipped with a valve 17. The gaseous products are removed from the combustion chamber 1 From the suction system 8, the gas then passes through the surviving unit 18, the dust precipitating chamber 19 and is removed through the chimney 20 to the atmosphere. The ash is cooled in the quenching chamber 21, which is provided with an exhaust box 22 connected to the chimney 20 via the exhaust fan 23. A receiving bin 24 is used to store the waste.

The device works as follows.

From the receiving bin 24, waste is transported by means of a crane 17 to the combustion chamber 1. The movable wall-modules 2 in the lower part closely adjoin the walls of the suction system 8, thereby blocking the access of waste to the bunker-ash collector 6. As the combustion chamber 1 is filled with waste, through the air inlets 9 with nozzles 10 into the waste air is forced in, which makes them loosening and drying. Then the ignition devices 16 are switched on which initiate the ignition of the waste. Intensive supply of oxidant through nozzles 10 causes an extensive burning center in the lower part of the combustion chamber 1. Combined sensors 15 for temperature and gas sampling make it possible to determine the advancement of the source of combustion, and by means of rapid gas analysis using carbon monoxide, it is possible to determine the degree of burnout of the waste produced. By

sensor readings determine the time of ash release. For this purpose, the mechanism 7 is activated, as a result of which the wall-module 2 moves along a hinge 4 attached to the monolithic wall 3 and the guide 5, opens

the passage of ash into the bunker-ash collector 6. Air inlet pipes 9, which are rigidly connected to the wall-module 2, when expanded and pass near the suction system 8, destroy the agglomerated crust and push the waste into the bunker. The bottom row of chains 11, when expanded, pulls up and shakes the agglomerated crust. At the same time, the upper row of chains 12, by pulling away, destroys the hang of the wastes that form when they are compacted in the middle

0 chambers 1 burnout. From the ash bin 6, the waste enters the scraper conveyor 14, which transfers the ash to the quench chamber 21, where the ash is cooled before it enters the booker drive 13.

5 The gases formed during cooling of the ash through the exhaust box 22 are sucked in by the exhauster 23 and ejected by means of ejection into the chimney 20. The traction thus created provides the necessary vacuum in the suction system 8, where the gaseous products of combustion enter, then they are directed to the device 18 is finished, where the combustible components of the gas are burned under the action of secondary air, and in the dust precipitation chamber 19 the gas is cleaned from suspended particles before

5 exit in chimney 20.

At the time the ash is unloaded, i.e., when the wall-modules disperse over the receiving bunker-ash collector, the air supply pipes located on these walls also begin to move towards the discharge part, thereby penetrating the ash layer, destroying the sinter crust and help push the ash in the bunker-ash collector. In addition, as a result of the divergence, the chains attached to the walls of the 5 modules are tightened. The lower row of chains shakes the agglomerated crust on the walls of the aspirated system and the lower part of the combustion chamber, while the upper row of chains destroys the sticking of compacted waste in the middle part of the combustion chamber during tension. Making the combustion chamber from separate wall-modules, which independently move relative to other wall-modules, provides unloading of the burned-out residue in different parts of the chamber, which allows for optimal burning of waste5.

Thus, the use of a waste incinerator allows for the reliable movement of waste and ash throughout the combustion chamber, which ensures the efficiency of the incineration process.

Claims (1)

1. A waste incinerator containing an upper-open and downwardly narrowing combustion chamber, inside of which air inlet nozzles with nozzles are placed, directed to the suction flue and the ash outlet in the lower part of the combustion chamber, characterized by 7, / v CTi in order to increase the efficiency of the device, the combustion chamber is made of separate wall modules with the possibility of independent movement relative to each other, each wall module being made with the upper part with the possibility of vertical movement and with the lower part with the possibility of horizontal movement 2 The device according to claim 1, characterized in that it is provided with two rows of chains placed inside the combustion chamber, the lower of which is located between the air inlet nozzles