SU164334A1 - - Google Patents

Description

A method of telecontrol from the places of loading by conveyor lines is proposed, which consists in the sequential transmission of commands over a two-wire line from one control unit included in a system built on logic elements in another.

To eliminate signal distortions in the system, in each block the pulse signal coming from the communication line is converted into a DC voltage used in the logic part of the circuit, then the DC voltage supplied to the output of the block is again formed into a pulse signal.

In order to ensure the insensitivity of the system to the phase of the supply voltage, when a pulse signal is formed at the output of the block, the phase of the supply voltage is simultaneously shifted by 180 ° to ensure the relative position and polarity of all commands in the communication line.

In order to obtain a constant load on the output elements of the control units of the head branch conveyors, it is possible to issue a command coming from the link lipid via two paths to two independent outputs: on the main day and on the branch day.

in the case of diode sealing of communication lines, the signal from the accident site to the loading point can be retransmitted, starting with the block recording the accident, over the channel intended for transmitting the command to the loading points.

FIG. Figure 1 shows a block diagram of a pipeline control system of any configuration; in fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the input unit of the control system; in fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the output blocks of a single communication line; in fig. 4 is a diagram of the connection of the units with a branched conveyor line.

A conveyor line management system of any configuration is made up of two types of blocks, one of which, block 1, is installed at the loading point and at the starters of all intermediate conveyors;

block 2 — on conveyors located at the line loading sites (in the lavas). The blocks are interconnected by any two wires, in which quality can also be used steel bare wires laid

along the entire conveyor line. The common wire is ground.

The blocks are powered by an alternating current of 36 volts, derived from a step-down transformer, an explosion-proof system. If there is a free tank at the loading point, for example, an empty hopper or trolley, the start resolution lights on all the blocks will light up, and in blocks 2 installed at the loading points (lavas), the buzzer will also beep briefly, which indicates the possibility of switching on the linpi. To start the line, you need to press the start button of the block of this lava. In this case, the pre-start sound alarm is activated on all blocks controlling the conveyors from the loading point to the given lava.

After 15-20 seconds, the conveyor installed at the loading point will turn on. After it has reached its full speed, its speed relay will turn on and give a signal to block allowing the next conveyor to start. This conveyor, having turned on in turn, through its speed relay, will issue a blocking signal to the next conveyor, etc. to the last one after the start of the conveyor installed in the lava.

Turning on, each conveyor shuts off its beep, stopping the audible warning.

Thus, the start time of the entire conveyor line is equal to the time of the alarm on the head conveyor (12-15 seconds) plus the acceleration time of each of the chain conveyors. This start-up period ends.

For simultaneous start of several branches press the start buttons of the blocks of the corresponding branches.

The restart of one or several standing branches with other workers is carried out in the same way by simply pressing the start button on the block 2 of the corresponding branch. At the same time, the audible alarm is activated, only starting from the head conveyor of this branch, since the general assembly conveyors are already operating. The rest of the work is similar to the scheme described.

The normal shutdown of the system is made both from the starting point and from the loading point. To stop from the start, it is enough to press the start button, which will stop the conveyors of this branch, if several branches operate simultaneously, or the entire conveyor line, if only this branch is working.

The stop from the loading point takes place automatically, in the absence of free capacity, by removing the permit command from the load. In this case, the whole system stops simultaneously. In order for the maintenance personnel at the loading points (in the lavas) to know that the shutdown was done from loading on the blocks 2 (in the lavas), the resolution lights go out and the beeps briefly turn on.

Start-up authorization is carried out by personnel servicing the loading station.

The loading operator establishes a code connection with the loading points (lavas), giving permission signals on a certain pre-agreed code. From the loading point, the code is sent by pressing the start button, which causes a warning at the loading point

beep by the same code.

The block scheme provides for the control of correctness of the passage of the start and operation of each conveyor system. Thus, during start-up, the acceleration time of each conveyor co-controls, and if it does not take place within the prescribed time (about 4-6 seconds), an emergency circuit will work, stopping the start of the entire conveyor line. In this case, an emergency lamp is lit on the emergency unit;

The loading point is signaled by an alarm, which, in the case of the telemechanization of the lock, is transmitted to the central point, and at the starting point the lamination of the resolution starts to flash and a beep is given.

To restart the mechanisms, it is necessary to unplug the voltage directly from the emergency unit. In this way, the re-activation of a faulty circuit or mechanism is prevented. A similar pattern is observed when the tape breaks or disappears during operation, when the reloading chute is overcoupled or the drive and tension drums overheat, or when the parameters of the system mechanisms are monitored, which are controlled by the circuit.

Emergency shutdown of the system in whole or in part can be carried out at any place. In order to do this, it is sufficient to short-circuit two bare wires, laid out along all the conveyors, or any of these wires to the ground. However, if the closure was made on the branch, then the branch will stop; if the wires running along the collecting conveyor are shorted, then all the conveyors running to it are also stopped.

The reclosing in this case is done in the usual order after the disconnection of the control wiring closes.

In case of local unblocked control of mechanisms, the switch on the unit is preliminarily shifted from the position "automatic to polo} kenne" local,

This will remove the voltage from the control unit.

In the serviceable unit, included in the automatic mode, the control light should be green.

The scheme of each block 1 and 2 consists of three parts: input, logical and output. The input part includes blocks for receiving the start of the FPP, blocking PB4, allowing loading of PR5, PA6 accident, crash, translating PP08 branching, blocking off PB09 branching, which, with intrinsically safe parameters, separates input commands by channels and converts impulse commands to potential. The schematic diagrams of input blocks are completely identical. The logical part provides a specific program for executing and forming commands. The output part consists of blocks issuing start-up commands for VP10, blocking GDP, discharging data from loading BP12, accident BA13, and an accident broadcasting to loading point VAP14, ensuring the conversion of potential commands into impulse and spark-safe exit of the unit with subsequent compaction of communication channels. The output circuit diagrams are identical. The input block represented in FIG. 2, 20 is a half-wave rectifier consisting of a diode 15 and a capacitor C16 with an amplifier assembled on two triodes TJ7 and. Diode 19 serves as a compensation temperature. The circuit works 25 as follows. In the absence of a signal on the input from the collector of the Gh / S triode, the negative potential is removed. When the negative half-wave input of the variable voltage is applied, the output signal from negative 30 will change to positive. The positive potential on the collector of the triode in the further presentation is conditionally denoted by "O, and negative" 1. Capacitor C16 is used to convert 35 pulsed sigpal to potential. The command to be issued to the communication line (see Fig. 3), in the form of the output potential of the corresponding part of the logic circuit, is fed to the point t of the coincidence circuit 20, 21 40 of the output triode Ts22. When applying the second input of point a of the coincidence circuit of a plus from the winding 23 of the clock forming transformer, the input triode closes and outputs a unit to the output triode. This, in turn, causes the opening of the output triode T.i24, and a command pulse of positive polarity is sent to the communication line. The scheme for issuing the second command pulse 50s works in a similar way. The time of its issuance by the clock pulse due to the sequential switching on of the secondary semi-windings 23 and 25 of the clock transformer T is shifted by half the period of the clock voltage, and 55 the pulse itself has a minus polarity. 50 pulses of alternating current of the network serve as clock pulses. This method of issuing commands allows the system to be insensitive to the phase of the supply voltage. Indeed, when changing the phase of the supply voltage by 180 °, the same value and phase of the pulses removed from the secondary half-10 10 45 will change only the order of issuing commands from the left and right halves of the circuit shown in FIG. 3, and in the communication line their mutual position in time and polarity are preserved. The intrinsic safety of the output circuits is achieved by the corresponding parameters of the output transformers of the command distribution units. An important feature of the circuit is the received method of retransmitting a signal from a block to a block, which means that a pulse signal received from the communication line in each block is converted into a constant load, which, after appropriate processing, in the logical part of the block An output, where it is again formed into a pulse signal, which is output to the communication line. This method makes it possible to completely avoid signal distortion, which makes it possible to control an unlimited number of conveyors. The logical part of the block circuit is built entirely on the usual logical diode-triode elements such as coincidence circuits and pa or several inputs, both i and i, or amplifiers, inverters, multivibrators and triggers. The principle of operation of these elements is described in the technical literature and does not need additional explanations. Consider the work of the conveyor flow chart for more details. When pressing the button or pedal to enable the CR26 at the discharge point of the conveyor line, the input to the first unit 1 from the intrinsically safe source is given a signal in the form of a negative half-wave. In the node PR5 (permission of the load), this signal is converted into a constant voltage amplified by the amplifier UL27 (resolution lamp amplifier). The received signal causes ignition of the resolution lamp LR 28, retransmission of the resolution to the next block through the resolution issuing node BP12, preparation of the logical part of the circuit. In the permitting nodes, the DC voltage is converted to AC and, via the output transformer, enters the communication link. In each of the subsequent blocks (such as block 1), the picture is repeated and so on until blocks 2, installed on each of the last conveyors. In block 2, in addition to the desing, when receiving the resolution command, a short-term triggering with one steady state OT29 occurs, from the output of which the voltage through the input "or the coincidence circuit of the RCD goes to the sound amplifier US5 / and at the loading point (lava) it turns on for a short time 32, signaling the receipt of permission to start. After pressing the KPZZ start button on any of the blocks 2,

voltage through the input "or the coincidence circuit SO to turn on the beep; on the logical part of the scheme; through the input "or the coincidence circuits of the 35 and the node issuing the VP10 start command. From node 10, the start command is issued to the communication line // and is perceived by the receive command of the start switch command in the previous block of block type 1, perform the same operations as in block of block type 2, and so on up to block of block type / set to loading point.

In the loading block, the potential commands of resolution from loading with the UL27 and starting with the ATP come to the outputs and the coincidence circuit 36 and then through the closed jumper 6-g to the input of the PB37 starting time relay. After 12–15 sec, the voltage supplied to the relay 37 through the coincidence circuit 38 to the amplifier of the contactor actuator of the conveyor CM, 39 and then to the contactor K40 appears at the output.

The counterpartor of the first conveyor 40 is turned on, and then the sensor RS41 of the speed relay PC42 of this conveyor, through the input "or matching circuit 43, and the block issuing block WB11 of the second conveyor in the main circuit, issues a command // to the communication line indicating the operation of the first conveyor.

The functions of the speed relay in our case are performed by the usual command receiving unit. More question about speed sensors will be discussed below. This command will be perceived by the blocking block receiving unit PB4 unit / and fed to the input of the circuit "and the coincidence circuit 44 in the horn circuit 45 and will stop the pre-alarm; to the input and coincidence circuit 46, to the other input of which voltage is supplied from the output of relay PB37. The command at the output of the relay РВ37 for Vits after 4-6 seconds after the signal to turn on the contactor. If by this time at the input of the coincidence circuit 46 from PB4 there is no signal about the operation of the conveyor, circuit 46 will generate an alarm signal.

In the event of an alarm, circuit 46 is self-blocking until the time when the voltage is removed from the unit; the emergency light LA47 illuminates; a signal is input to the "or matching circuit 48 in the emergency relay circuit to the loading point {circuit BA13 and through the input" or to the matching circuit 49 to the loading point (circuit VAP14); By unplugging the input (from the coincidence circuit 38 of the amplifier of the contactor UK.39) the contactor is turned off.

A similar occurrence will occur when an emergency stop of the conveyor during operation.

The return of the circuit to its original state due to the removal of the node 46 from the self-blocking is performed by the repair personnel by a single voltage relief. This eliminates the possibility of restarting a faulty circuit or equipment without determining the fault directly on the spot.

The output of the circuit 46 is not aligned, and the start-up of the first conveyor is completed.

In all subsequent blocks behind the head, in addition to the permission commands from loading and starting, there should also be a command to start the previous conveyor.

This requirement is fulfilled when removing the shunt jumper b-d from the circuit of the relay PB37 in all other blocks / and installing it at the points g-d.

When this occurs, the bypass relay of the PB37 alarm time shunts, since the duration of the alarm for all

the rest of the conveyors, except for the first one, will be determined by the start-up and head branches between the arrival of the start command and the start of the conveyor.

As for the rest, the operation of the / block schemes does not differ from that considered.

A blocking signal confirming the activation of the previous conveyor was obtained from the DC50 sensor of the speed relay PC51 through the coincidence circuits 52 and 53. Thus,

time relay PB37 is activated when there are three commands: permission from loading, starting and blocking from the previous conveyor. Timer PB37, made with two

time delay determines the duration of the warning signal on all head conveyors both in the main circuit and on the branches (time from the arrival of the start command to the input of the relay

before the appearance of a command at the output of 15–20 s) and controls the start time of each conveyor (the length of time from giving the command to turn on the contactor until the arrival of the speed relay signal

from the circuit PB4 should be less than the time interval between occurrences of commands at the output e and the relay РВ37 (4-6 sec).

When the circuit of the same block is in operation, if it is installed as the head branch block, the jumper c-d and r-d are not installed on the PB37 relay, since the branch conveyors must be started under the condition of a mandatory time delay when the warning signal is given assembly line of the main branch.

The jumper is required to be installed at the output of the IGP circuit, which results in retransmission of the starting command along the main branch; and jumpers to-l at the output of the circuit PB4. than

both the retransmission of the blocking signal along the main circuit is achieved, as well as its supply to the logical part of the circuit via the input or matching circuit 52 for allowing the start of its own conveyor. In this case, the input

M from the speed sensor and n-o from the resolution button from the loading is not activated.

When block 1 is installed as any intermediate block in the main chain, so in the branch, inputs n and n are not activated.

points gd, pa output circuit PPP - pa points pf, pa output circuit PB4 - pa points cc.

When the object is telemechanized, the accident signal from the VAP14 unit of unit 1, installed at the loading point, enters the remote signaling system input and then to the dispatcher console.

The possibility of transmitting by communication link / three commands for receiving the compression system is explained by the fact that from the loading block to the block, on which the accident occurred, the channel for broadcasting the accident on the loading (lava) channel is free and can be used to broadcast the accident. for loading.

Peculiarities of operation of unit 2. When an emergency signal is received from the alarm receiving unit PA6, the inverse output of amplifier Y54 is removed from the "and -" matching circuit or 55 of the LR28 resolution bulb, and the lamp goes out.

Simultaneously, from the output of amplifier V54, a stop signal is applied to the "stop start trigger 34" input, which suppresses the start command and the enable signal is applied to the matching circuit or 56 of the activation of the AM57 multivibrator alarm. From the output of the emergency multivibrator, periodic signals through the circuits 58 and 55 are sent to the resolution lamp LR28 and beep 32, thus achieving the sound and light alarm.

In the event of an accident on the last conveyor, an alarm signal, in addition to the LA47 lamp, is fed to the input of the start trigger 34, which causes the system to stop, and to the input of the matching circuit 56 of the emergency multivibrator AM57, which causes a discontinuous sound signal. In this case, the LR28 lamp does not flash, since the sigpal from the AM57 node does not arrive (coincidence circuits 58 and 55 are locked, the inverted output of the emergency circuit 59 and 54 is locked from the circuit inputs 55 and 55 and the non-inverted output of the Y54 circuit from the second input or 58 resolution light bulbs LR28).

If an accident occurs at any one of the intermediate and last blocks, the LR28 lights will flash, the buzzer 32 will beep intermittently and the LA47 light will be on.

Otherwise, the operation of the block / I and 2 schemes is similar.

As noted earlier, the shutdown of operating conveyors is accomplished by removing the commands from the loading or launching. In all the blocks, the inputs from the coincidence circuits that fix the presence of the permission command from loading and the starting 36 in blocks of the U and block type are removed (50 in the blocks of Tina block 2, and d blocks of the 2 completeness are given to the input of the stop trigger trigger 34. In addition, in blocks 2, the horn is buzzing for a short time when the clearance command is removed from loading.

The load of output pins BA and BP, which transmit commands in the direction from the loading point to loading (lavas), the scheme is constructed in such a way that these nodes can be loaded for a maximum of two blocks with branches and one block when they are not available, and output nodes for WB , VP and VAP, transmitting commands in the direction of the loading point, - on one block.

These conditions are fulfilled both by the construction principle of the block connection scheme and by the block scheme having corresponding independent outputs for direct routing and for branching. On the block diagram of the block, these elements of the branches are marked with the index “O.

With an unbranched conveyor line (see Fig. 4), the outputs (points of tin) of the previous block are connected to the corresponding inputs (points f and y) of the subsequent block.

The sensor DS41 of the speed relay PC42 of each previous conveyor is switched on to the corresponding input of the subsequent block (point x). An additional sensor DSB of the speed relay PC62 (point c) is connected to the unit of the last conveyor.

With the branched conveyor line, as in the previous case, the outputs of the control units are connected in series with the corresponding inputs of nearby blocks, regardless of whether the unit belongs to the main chain conveyor or the head conveyor of the branch.

The points n VI of the conveyor control unit, which follow the head on any branch, are connected respectively to the points of the type of control unit of the main conveyor of this branch.

The speed relay sensors are turned on in the same way as in the first case, i.e., an unbranched circuit in the control unit of the nearest copyer.

All control units of the conveyors of this branch, which follow the head, are interconnected according to the rules outlined above.

The emergency stop of the system can be carried out from any place of the conveyor line in two ways: by closing the two bare wires (I and //) between each other, running along each of the conveyors; shorting any of these wires to the ground.

When two wires are closed, the melada is connected to the wire / the positive half-wave voltage is applied, corresponding to the command "issue start from the wire //. This voltage falls on the accident receiving unit of the nearest unit and is re-received in blocks located in the loading and loading station in a disassembled method. c, causing this to stop the whole line. As already noted, the system is basically designed to control the speed of each conveyor, control the gathering of the belt, control the driving of leaks, control the temperature of the drum and any other parameters that determine the state of the mechanisms. It is known that all existing sensors of this type can be divided into two categories. The first of these can be attributed to sensors whose output value is a voltage proportional to the parameter being measured. The second group includes sensors that have a relay output and change the position of their contact groups at the limit values of the monitored parameter. The block diagram is designed to use sensors of both groups. The use of sensors of the first group is provided by the high sensitivity of the receiving units. In this case, the intrinsic safety of the sensor circuit is determined only by its own parameters. When using sensors of the group, the voltage from the special intrinsically safe winding of the power source of the unit itself is fed through the contact group of the sensor to the input of the corresponding receiving unit. In this case, the parameters of the circuit are intrinsically safe and the connection of the sensor to the control unit can be carried out by any cables or wires up to and including bare. The scheme is notable for high noise immunity, since for switching on any conveyor it is necessary to have a simultaneous long-term existence of three impulse commands but two different communication lines - resolution from loading, starting and blocking from the previous mechanism (it is almost impossible to cause such interference); in order to disable any of the conveyors, the noise must be turned in antiphase with a control signal with an amplitude of several volts with a power of about 50-100 Meg, which is practically impossible. The subject matter of the invention 1. A method of tele-driving from loading points by conveyor lines, consisting in the sequential transmission of a command and two-wire line from one control unit included in a system built on logic elements, in another one, characterized in that, in order to eliminate signal distortions the system, in each block, the signal p signal, which comes out of the communication line, is converted into a constant voltage used in the logical part of the circuit, and then the non-constant voltage, the incoming pa output of the unit, is again formed into a pulse signal. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the bodies are different, in order to ensure the insensitivity of the system to the phase of the voltage, when forming a pulse signal at the output of the unit, changing the phase of the supply voltage, the forming clock pulses are simultaneously shifted by 180 to maintain the relative position and the polarities of all commands in the communication line. 3. Method but n. 1, characterized in that, in order to obtain a constant load on the output elements of the control units of the head branch conveyors, a command is issued from the communication line via two paths to two independent outputs: to the main circuit and to the branch circuit. 4. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that, in order to increase the number of commands transmitted during diode-multiplexing of communication lines, the signal from the accident site to the loading point is relayed, starting with the block that registered the accident, through the channel intended for translating the command on boot items.

., J

. Z v

20

USbiK

UrL lini sV zi

Boot

Pogruzach nb / d item

Jazpy304Hbiu item

NP

Boot point