SU1640447A1 - Method for suppressing gas and dust cloud in open pit mine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to mining and can be used to combat the dust and gas cloud (CIP) in blasting operations in quarries. In order to increase the efficiency of suppression of TVET in the way of its movement, they create barriers by stepwise impact on CGO at the moment of its origin and the formation of additional charges B B in the atmosphere and inside the CGO by explosions. At the first stage, the CGF is shot by cumulative explosive grenades and the suppression of the CGF dynamic factor is carried out by a shock wave and grenade fragments. At the second stage, the shooting of the saw plates is carried out with grenades with heat-suppressing agents and the suppression of the temperature factor of the saw bars is emitted by the agent in the hole. In the third stage, the shooting of the saw plates is carried out with grenades with dust and gas suppressing agents and the suppression of dust and gas is carried out by treating the saw plates with the inside and along the periphery of its shell. As a result of the impact on PGO, its dynamic, dust-gas and thermal factors are suppressed. 3 il.

Description

The invention relates to the mining industry, in particular to the problem of combating dust and gases in the development of mineral deposits by the open method, and can be used in the extraction of ore, non-metallic and building materials.

The aim of the invention is to increase the suppression efficiency of a dust-gas cloud (HRP) in a quarry by affecting it at the time of its origin and formation.

Figure 1 shows the process of suppressing CGD by the explosion of cumulative grenades; Fig. 2 shows the subsequent process of suppressing CGT by the explosion of grenades with temperature-lowering agents; FIG. 3 shows the process of suppressing CGN by the explosion of grenades with gas-dust suppressors.

FIG. 1-3, the following notation is used: 1 — grenade ejection system, 2 — forming PGO, 3 — cumulative BB grenade, 4 — explosive block, 5 — garnet with heat-suppressing agents, 6 — grenade with dust-gas suppressing agents.

The method of suppressing CHR in a career is carried out as follows.

Onboard the quarry, launchers are placed to eject grenades for shock-wave 3, heat-suppressant 5, and dust-gas-suppressant 6 effects on CG. Taking into account the time of arrival of the grenade to the explosive unit 4, the suppression of the side barrage is conducted in the following sequence. initially

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The grenade ejection system 1 with a cumulative charge of explosives 3 is triggered, while the grenades are broken at the PGO 2 meeting in the quarry atmosphere and the PGO is effectively suppressed by the shock wave and grenade fragments. Next, a garnet ejection system with heat suppressing agents is triggered, and grenade 5 is ruptured within CHP 2, which allows localization of the temperature at the HRG epicenter. Subsequently, a grenade ejection system with dust and gas suppressors is triggered and grenade 6 is ruptured both inside and around the PGO 2 periphery.

Pyrotechnic devices, rockets, rocket launchers, and the like, for example, are used as a grenade ejection system.

For blasting grenades at a given point in the career space and at a given point in time, fuses with a time delay of the explosion pulse are used.

At observance of the above-mentioned sequence of operations and methods, the suppression of CGO occurs due to the following physical processes.

At the first stage, when cumulative grenades are broken, a pressure area (shock waves in the atmosphere) is formed, exceeding the pressure of the dome of the emerging HRP in the quarry, which ensures the suppression of the dynamic HRP forces at the moment of its formation. In addition, the suppression of the dynamic forces of the free gas generator is achieved by exposing the canopy dome with the kinetic energy of the directional release of fragments of grenades towards the facing ice,

At the second stage, when grenades with heat-suppressing agents break inside the CHR, the agent is released into the zone of active combustion and formation flames. At the same time, active cooling and the loss of the subsoil thermal energy reserve of thermal energy is provided, which reduces the rate of cloud rise in the quarry. The type of heat-suppressing agent is chosen depending on the geological conditions of the deposits, the type of explosives and garnet device, i.e. it may be powder, liquid, foam, gas, dry ice, etc. For example, for the conditions of Krivbass iron ore quarries, preference should be given to heat-suppressing agent such as disubstituted ammonium phosphate — powder, and for conditions of sulfur deposits (Yavorovskoye P / 0 Sulfur), an agent such as freon 22 — gas, water — liquid or PWC-1 — powder .

At the third stage, when grenades break

dust-gas-suppressing agents carry out the treatment of CIP both from the inside and on the periphery of its dome with substances that actively bind dust and neutralize

poisonous explosive gases in CHP, for example, sulfite and ammonia complexes of monovalent copper (for bonding carbon monoxide) or hydrogels.

The application of this method of dealing with

HRP during blasting in quarries has a significant social effect, as it eliminates the harmful effects of explosion products on the environment, protects the atmosphere and its purity by completely suppressing HRP inside the quarry space, as well as the economic effect of eliminating littering of fertile land. lands deposition products from PGO.

Claims (1)

Claim Method A method for suppressing a dust-gas cloud in a quarry, including the creation of temperature-lowering and dust-gas suppressors in the path of the dust-gas cloud by exploding additional charges with heat suppressors and dust-gas suppressing agents, characterized in that the effectiveness of suppressing the dust and gas cloud by exposing it at the time of its inception and formation, barriers are created in stages, and before creating temperature and dust and gas suppressing barriers, the dust and gas cloud is shot by cumulative explosive grenades, which break in the atmosphere of the quarry towards gas and dust clouds after the gas and gas clouds that break through in the atmosphere of the quarry towards gas and gas clouds after the gas and dust gaseous explosives that break the atmospheric dust in the atmosphere of the quarry opposite the dust and gas cloud after the explosive gas clouds are shot dust and gas clouds with grenades with a heat-suppressing agent, whose emission is effected inside the dust and gas clouds, and then the dust and gas clouds are shot with grenades with dust and gas suppressors, which are processed both from the inside and around the periphery of the dust and gas clouds. Yrt T about t ID СЪ J M I fig.Z