SU1537757A1 - Hydraulic pile hammer - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to construction. The aim of the invention is to increase efficiency. The hydraulic hammer comprises a housing 1 with an upper 8 and lower 9 anvils, a distributor 10, a cylinder 11, inside of which a piston 21 with a striker 43 is installed, and a pressure chamber 15 communicating with a sub-piston cavity 30. The striker 43 in the lower part is equipped with an additional piston 25, installed between the low pressure chamber 24 and the working chamber 23, made in the lower anvil. Sub-piston cavity 30 is connected to the working and pressure chambers through an additional distributor 12 installed in the upper and lower anvils. The working chamber 23 is connected by a channel 26 with a check valve 27 to the cavity of the housing 1. The area of the piston 25 is larger than the area of the piston 21. The distributor 12 is made in the form of channels 29 and 31 in the upper and lower anvils, reporting a piston 30 with a pressure 15 and working 23 cameras and, respectively, comprising inlet 35 and outlet 36 valves connected by a pull 34 with a spring-loaded pusher mounted on the lower anvil with the possibility of interaction with the piston 25 and the spring-loaded retainer. The piston 25 is rigidly connected to a variable cross-section rod interacting with a spring-loaded retainer. 1 hp f-ly, 3 ill.

Description

The invention relates to construction and can be used in drilling operations during percussion and rotary percussion drilling, for planting a casing string in a well, and also for submerging pipes, piles, grooves, etc.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the impact efficiency.

FIG. 1 shows the device, a general view; in fig. 2 is a section A-A in FIG. one; in fig. 3 is a section BB in FIG.

The hydraulic hammer consists of a housing 1, comprising an upper adapter 2 with discharge 3 and exhaust 4 channels and a lower adapter 5 with channel 6, an inner case 7 with an upper 8 and lower 9 anvils, a distributor 10 connected to the cylinder 11 and the upper adapter 2, additional distributor 12, located in the upper 8 and lower 9 anvils, and the striker system 13.

The distributor 10 is formed by a pressure channel 14, communicating with a pressure chamber 15 and a pressure channel 3 of the upper adapter 2, an exhaust channel 16, communicating with the exhaust channel 4 of the upper adapter 2 and the cavity 17 of the housing 1, an inlet valve 18 installed in the pressure channel 14, and an outlet valve 19, the shank 20 of which is installed inside the piston 21 of the striker system 13 and is equipped with a spring 22.

A cavity is formed in the lower anvil 9 with the formation of a working chamber 23 and a low pressure chamber 24, between which an additional piston 25 is mounted. The working chamber 23 through a channel 26 with a check valve 27 is connected to the cavity 17 of the housing 1, and the low pressure chamber 24 is provided with a stopper 28 .

An additional distributor 12 is formed by an injection channel 29, filled in the upper anvil 8 and communicating the sub-piston cavity 30 with a pressure chamber 15, the exhaust duct 31 made in the lower anvil 9 and communicating the working chamber 23 with the sub-piston cavity 30, a stepped plunger 32 with a shoulder 33, connected by a pull 34 with an inlet valve 35 installed in the channel and an exhaust valve 36 installed in the channel 31, a wedge-shaped retainer 37 with an opening 38 in which

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rod 39, provided with a conical protrusion 40 and connected to an additional piston 25. Hole 38 is made with a diameter larger than the rod 39. The pusher 32 and the clamp 37 are installed in the lower anvil 9 with springs 41 and 42.

The piston 21 is placed inside the cylinder 11 and is made part of the striker 43 located between the upper 8 and lower 9 anvils. In the lower part of the firing pin 43 is connected with an additional piston 25, whose area is larger than the area of the piston 21.

Hydraulic hammer works as follows.

In the initial position, the firing pin 43 under its own weight is in the lowest position, the inlet valve 18 of the distributor 10 and the exhaust valve 36 of the distributor 12 are closed, and the exhaust valve 19 of the distributor 18 and the inlet valve 35 of the distributor 12 are open. The conical protrusion 40 of the rod 39 is located in the opening 38 of the retainer 37, pressing it from the pusher 32, and the low pressure chamber 24 is pumped out through the plug 28.

The working fluid supplied by the drilling pump to the hydraulic hammer enters through the discharge channel 3 of the upper adapter 2, the pressure chamber 15, bounded by the walls of the inner housing 7 and the cylinder 11, and the discharge channel 29 in the upper anvil 8 into the piston cavity 30. Due to the pressure of the fluid in The lower cavity of the cylinder 11, the working piston 21 together with the striker 43 and the piston 25 move upwards. In this case, the fluid located above the piston 21 and the piston 25, respectively, through the channels 16 and 4 and the channel 26 with a check valve 27 is forced into the cavity 17 of the outer housing 1 and then enters the channel 6 of the lower adapter.

As the system 13 lifts upwards, the spring 22 compresses and the conical protrusion 40 of the rod 39 leaves the opening 38 of the retainer 37. In the upper position, the piston 21 contacts the exhaust valve 19 of the distributor 10. The combined action of the push and the force of the compressed spring 22 ensures the switching of the valves 18 and 19, the intake valve 18 opens and the exhaust 5,153,757

valve 19 is closed. Simultaneously ho pr for ta pr

but the piston 25 interacts with the pusher 32 by moving it upwards and compressing the spring 41. In the extreme upper position of the piston 25, the stepped pusher 32 is latched with a spring-loaded latch 37 about the collar 33, which ensures the closure of the pressure terminal

With the upward stroke, the 4J striker strikes the upper anvil 8, and during the downward stroke, the lower anvil 9, and the blow to the lower anvil 9 is more powerful than the upper 8, since overcoming the main resistances to the movement of the striker 43 due to the back pressure of the fluid is distributed

The inlet valve 35 is open 29 and the hydraulics of the exhaust channel 31 by the exhaust valve 36 of the distributor 12 does not open for half a cycle of work.

In this case, the working fluid through the discharge channel 3 of the upper 15 of the adapter 2, the pressure chamber 15 and the discharge channel 44 emerges in the upper cavity of the cylinder 11, moving the striker system 13 down. Fluid from podporshnevoy cavity 30 begins to flow through the exhaust channel 31 of the distributor 12 into the working chamber 23. Since the area of the piston 25 is larger than the area of the piston 21, the volume described by the piston 25 will be greater than the volume described by the piston 21. Therefore, the system of the piston cavity 30 - the exhaust channel 31 - the working chamber 23 there is a vacuum,

a chesky hammer, but only during the course of the striker 43 up.

This leads to an increase in the impact energy of the striker on the lower anvil and, as a consequence, an increase in the efficiency of shock and impact-rotational drilling, casing running into the well, plunging pipes, piles, grooves and other building elements into the ground.

Claims (2)

1. A hydraulic hammer comprising a housing with an upper and lower anvil, a working cylinder placed in its cavity, in which the distributor and the piston with a die are located, a pressure chamber communicating which minimizes the back pressure with a piston cavity, fluid adapters under the piston 21 during the striker 43 down. There is no back pressure from the low pressure chamber 24 on the piston 25. Therefore, the booster 43, when it is moving down, freed from the main forces preventing it from moving, gains the maximum pre-hammering speed, which leads to an increase in the impact energy on the lower anvil compared to the prototype. 35 with injection and exhaust channels, characterized in that, in order to increase efficiency, it is equipped with an additional distributor and a piston attached to the striker and installed in the cavity in the lower anvil to form a low pressure chamber and a working chamber, with the help of an additional distributor installed in the upper and lower anvils, with a sub-piston cavity and a pressure chamber and through a channel with a reverse valve with a housing cavity, In the lower position, the piston 21 with its internal end strikes the shank 20 of the exhaust valve 19. As a result of the impact, the valve group of the distributor 10 moves down, the intake 18 and the exhaust 19 valves occupy the initial position. At the same time, the conical protrusion 40 of the rod 39 enters the hole 38, depressing the latch 37 with the spring 42 to the left and releasing the collar 33 of the pusher 32. As a result, the pusher 32 moves downwards under the action of the spring 41, dragging the intake valve 35 and the exhaust 36 through the piston 34 - new distributor 12, again occupying the initial position. Then the cycle of operation is repeated. a chesky hammer, but only during the course of the striker 43 up. This leads to an increase in the impact energy of the striker on the lower anvil and, as a consequence, an increase in the efficiency of shock and impact-rotational drilling, casing running into the well, plunging pipes, piles, spurs and other building elements into the ground. Invention Formula 1. A hydraulic hammer comprising a housing with an upper and lower anvil, a working cylinder placed in its cavity, in which the distributor and the piston with a die are located, a pressure chamber communicating with podporshnevoy cavity adapters with injection and outlet channels, characterized in that, in order to increase the efficiency of operation, it is equipped with an additional distributor and a piston attached to the striker and installed in the cavity in the lower anvil with the formation of a low pressure chamber and a working chamber; with the help of an additional distributor installed in the upper and lower anvils, with a sub piston cavity and a pressure chamber and through a channel with a check valve with a housing cavity, the area of the additional piston is larger than the area of the main one. 2. Hammer according to claim 1, characterized in that the additional distributor is made in the form of channels in the upper and lower anvils, which communicate the podporshnevuyu cavity with the pressure and working chambers, and installed in them, respectively, inlet and exhaust valves connected to the thrust and spring-loaded pusher mounted on the lower anvil with the ability to interact with an additional piston and fixing the substructures. I W 57 57 Jljbl