SU1523066A1 - Combined soil-tilling machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an agricultural technique, in particular, to tools for loosening the soil without rearing. The purpose of the invention is to increase productivity, technological reliability and quality of tillage. The combined tillage machine contains part 1 mounted on the tractor, on which a combination of rotary 4 and passive 5 working elements is mounted, and connected to part 1 by means of a height-adjustable hinge 7, trailer part 8. Part 8 is equipped with transport wheels 11 located on the extension frame 12 of the trailer parts 8 are behind additional working parts 9 and 10. The dimensional parameters of the combined machine are interconnected by a ratio determined by a mathematical formula. 1 hp f-ly, 4 ill.

Description

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The invention relates to an agricultural technique, in particular to implements for non-returning anti-erosion soil loosening.

The goal of the invention is to increase the productivity, technological reliability and quality of tillage.

FIG. 1 shows a combined tillage machine in the working position, side view; in fig. 2 the same, top view; in fig. 3 - the same, in the transport position, side view; in fig. 4 is a graph of the optimization of the assembly dimensions of the unit: where E is the total graph; X is the uniformity of the course of the working bodies in the depth of processing; 3 - clogging of working bodies; M - metal construction; P - copying the relief floor; B - surface leveling floor.

Combined soil tillage machine includes tractor part 1 mounted on the tractor, containing frame 2 with hitch 3. On the frame 2, a combination of rotary 4 and passive, made in the form of flat cutting, working bodies 5 is mounted. Rotational working bodies 4 can be made as in the form sections of needle disks, and sections of spherical disks. In front of the frame 2, support wheels 6 are installed, which serve to maintain the working bodies 4 and 5 at a predetermined processing depth.

The hinged part 1 is connected to the trailed part 8 by means of a height-adjustable hinge. Part 8 contains additional working elements made in the form of a combination of soil leveler 9 and sections of the ring-spore rollers 10. Trailer part 8 is equipped with transport wheels 11 mounted on the frame extensions 12 behind the sections of the ring-heel rollers 10.

The dimensional parameters of the combined machine are related by the ratio

 + CR, -p}

where O is the distance between the axis of the transport wheels 11 and the hinge 7; n is the distance from the hinge 7 to the outer point D of the last working body 10;

p is the distance transverse to the frame of the trailer part 8 between the points A and G of the transport wheels 11 most distant from the frame and the additional working members 10; / is the distance between the axial hinge 3 of the hinged part 1 of the machine;

m is the distance from the axial load device 3 to the hinge 7;

K - coefficient of proportionality, lying in the range of 50-80.

0

0

with

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25 30

35 Q

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50

The value of the coefficient of proportionality K is obtained by optimizing the layout dimensions of the machine, taking into account the uniformity of X, the stroke of the working bodies in the depth of processing; - zabivaemosti 3 working bodies; - metal consumption of M design; - copying by floor machine; - alignment In the surface of the floor. Taking into account the degree of influence of the listed parameters on the satisfaction of agrotechnical requirements, a summary schedule 2 was obtained, showing the complex satisfaction of agrotechnical requirements. The extremum of this graph is located in the zone of values of the coefficient of proportionality K from 50 to 80 units. In this zone, the fluctuations of the indicator E are at a permissible level of influence on the achievement of a positive effect.

In a specific machine performance, the K coefficient is assumed to be 70 units. Let us give examples of calculating the parameter O from the proposed dependence using specific values and parameters included in it. The parameters are taken to correspond to the size values in the actual design, namely mm, determined by the coefficients of the co-op and leveling of the field;

p 50-70 mm, determined agrotechnically and depends on the position in height {Adjustable joint 7; mm, determined by tractor hitch characteristics;

 mm, is determined by the arrangement scheme of rotational 4 and passive; (5 working bodies, and their mutual offset, ensuring work without clogging and the required uniformity of the depth stroke.

With two boundary values of the proportionality coefficient K 50-80, there are four values of the parameter 0:

0 3400 + 50 4230; / with / and

0 3400 + 50 TQ-900 4560; 2700

0 3400 + 80-: 25 4730;

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0

3400 + 80 Z2l22P 5260. 2700

Thus, the proposed relationship allows to calculate the boundary values of the parameter O, which ensure the fulfillment of the agrotechnical requirements and the achievement of the objective of the invention.

The calculated values of the parameter O correspond to various working conditions.

Based on the goal of increasing the productivity and technological reliability of the machine, a smaller value of the coefficient K is applied for easy working conditions. This provides less metal consumption. In more severe conditions of the machine operation, the maximum value of the coefficient K is used in the calculation, which, however, is associated with an increase in the metal intensity of the machine. In a specific implementation of the machine. Size mm.

- The combined tillage machine works in the following way.

The machine performs the following operations in one pass: loosening the topsoil; loosening the bottom layer of soil with full cutting of weeds and crop residues; additional crumbling of the soil and leveling the floor surface; rolling in and compacting the lower layers of soil with additional crushing of blocks in the upper horizon.

When driving into the furrow, the front hinged part 1 of the machine is lowered from the transport position to the working position and during the movement of the machine the spherical or needle disk sections 4 and the flat-core working bodies 5 are deepened to the required depth set by the support wheels 6. Simultaneously, the lowering to the working position occurs trailer part 8 with additional working bodies 9 and 10. The transport wheels 11 come out of contact with the soil and do not prevent the deepening of additional working bodies 9 and 10.

When agronomically necessary, after disconnecting the trailed 8 and the hinged 1 parts, they are joined by one tractor driver without the help of a coupler. For this, the adjustable hinge 7 is pre-set to the required coupling height.

In the transport position, the trailer 8 and the hinged part 1 are transported by one tractor at normal transport speeds.

The advantages of the proposed combination tillage machine are that it has greater productivity by increasing the operating speed and reducing the maintenance time; better quality of tillage due to better copying and leveling the floor surface; greater uniformity of the stroke of the working bodies in the depth of processing due to the optimal dimensions of the machine; less maintenance required due to the use of a height-adjustable hinge when coupling.

ten

Claims (2)

Invention Formula . The combined tillage machine, including the tractor, the hinged part, contains the frame on which the working bodies, supporting wheels, the hitch device are mounted, and the trailer part hinged to the hinged part, fitted with transport wheels located on the frame behind additional working bodies, different with the fact that, in order to increase productivity, technological reliability and quality of tillage, the hinged part is supplied with a combination of rotary and passive working bodies, and the axis of the transport wheel is located from the hinge of the connection of the trailed and hinged parts at a distance of 0 formula  +, where n is the distance from the joint joint trailed and mounted parts to the outer point of the last working body; K - coefficient of proportionality, lying in the range of 50-80. p - standing transversely of the frame of the trailer part between the points of transport wheels farthest from the frame and additional working bodies; / is the distance between the axial devices of the hinged part of the mounted part of the machine; t is the distance from the axial attachment device to the hinge connecting the trailed and mounted parts; 2. The machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the hook-on part is connected to the hinged part by means of a height-adjustable hinge. Jf: / Z / I 6 c Z / Y ///// 7 ////// /// /// /// /// /// /// /// /// /// /// /// /// /// // // g /// /// // // Fi.ZYUR fig 2 P l