SU1597201A1 - Method and apparatus for fire-extinguishing fuel mixture in tank - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to fire fighting equipment, in particular to methods and devices for extinguishing fires in tanks. In order to increase the extinguishing efficiency and save the extinguishing agent consumption, the fire extinguishing agent is fed to the fire source surface through the installation of nozzles, which are located not less than 3 levels on the fixed central pipe and provide the hot surface irrigation, and at the second level with different angles of spray fire extinguishing fluid. 2 sec. and 2 hp f-ly, 2 ill.

Description

The invention relates to fire fighting technology and can be used to extinguish flammable liquids in a tank.

The aim of the invention is to increase the efficiency of extinguishing and save the consumption of extinguishing agent by ensuring uniform irrigation.

Figure 1 shows the proposed device, a General view; Fig. 2 is a diagram of the irrigation of the surface of flammable liquids when the device is operated for tanks with a diameter of not more than 30 m.

The device comprises a reservoir 1 with a flammable liquid, a central pipe 2, nozzles 3-5, respectively, of the first - third rows above the surface of the liquid. The angle of inclination of the nock to the horizontal surface depends on the level of the surface of flammable liquids relative to the location of the nozzles. For irrigation of surfaces of flammable liquids in tanks with a diameter of more than 30 m, installation of nozzles of the fourth and subsequent rows is necessary.

For irrigation of the surface of flammable liquids (Fig. 2), for example, a 28 m tank with a flammable liquid surface area (HLV) of 617 m% with a capacity of about 10,000 m is used. Jets of the first level from the liquid surface (ellipses I and II) are created with. using two-sprinkler sprinklers DS-37 (design VNIIPO). In accordance with this, with a horizontal arrangement of DS-37 (o /, 0) and a head of 30–40 m water column. the dimensions of the ellipse of dispersion of the extinguishing agent are (8.5 x 4.2) m.

At the second level, jets are created by nozzles with different spray angles.

cl

with

HS

namely; with the help of DS ™ 37 double-jet sprinklers (ellipses III and IV) located at an angle of 2 15-20 to the horizontal plane with a head, 30-40 m water pressure, and with these parameters for the supply of fire extinguishing substance the ellipse dispersion is located at a distance of about 5 -11 m from the center of the tank and has dimensions) o (5-6) X (2.5-3.0) m; with the help of flat slit irrigators (ellipses V) with cylindrical nozzles having appropriate opening angles and slot sizes in accordance with the required 15 I range of the flight of the sprayed jets and the coverage area. The approximate values of the parameters for the supply of such jets at an angle of opening in the horizontal plane of the knot 3 can be calculated 20 using empirical formulas: the angle of inclination of the jet of sprayed extinguishing agent 0/5 is 15-20 °, the flight distance is 8-12 m, and the angle of the fan jet is A. In addition, 25 fan sprinklers with appropriate slot parameters can be used at an opening angle A and an installation angle 15-20.

At the third level, jets are created with the help of flat irrigators (ellipses Q VI-VII), which can, with a head AO m water. create a flat water jet with a length of 30 m and a width of 20 m. At the same time, the spray jet has relatively large droplets (0.5 - 1.0 mm) and gives uneven irrigation, In this case, the jet length is 11-15 m (taking into account the overlap of tank) ,. the jet width in the extreme wide section is 11–12 m. The angle of inclination of the jet of the sprayed extinguishing agent.

Taking into account the potential possibilities of flat slotted nozzles, it is possible to cover (irrigate) 45 surfaces of tanks with a diameter of up to 50 m (with the jet width in the widest section reaching about 20 m with p, 45). The capacity of such a reservoir is about 30,000 m with a surface area of flammable liquids about 2,000 m. As can be seen from the results of calculations, with fixed values of x / 5 ,, and from the table below, with a change in the range of 0.2-0.6, with

ftA

1J 0.76 with an increase in -v; magnitude

35

55

substance increases from 96.3 to 99.5%. At the same time, at constant

 Lz

value - 0.4 with growth - from 0.5

(,

to 0.89, the coverage value increases from 94.4% to 99.4%. However, the overlap, i.e. the overrun of the extinguishing agent also increases from 4.0 to 19.6%.

According to the proposed method, a coverage of at least 97-98% is provided, to which (Fig. 2) correspond to the values of / 5 (0.3-0.5) / i, and / 3 (0.7-0.8) d. With these values x /. and the overlap area is 10-15%, i.e. relatively small. For comparison, one can cite the results of experiments on extinguishing fires with water in a tank with fuel oil with a capacity of 5000 m. Quenching is done by trunks, which should be positioned at an angle of 120 to one another, since at a larger angle water loss reaches 60%. It follows that overlap zones with 60% are considered still valid. However, the limited supply of water, the rational use of pumping and other fire-fighting equipment, as well as the possibility of using more expensive and efficient fire extinguishers, make them tend to use them economically. Probably, the size of the overlapping zone should be limited to 15-20%.

Claims (4)

1. A method of extinguishing flammable liquids in a tank, including the supply of a fire extinguishing agent to the surface of the liquid — from the center of the tank, to its walls, characterized in that, in order to increase the extinguishing efficiency and to save the extinguishing agent consumption by post-irrigation, the fire extinguishing agent serves m located at least three levels above the surface of the liquid and formed at each level around the ring, while the jets of the first level from the surface of the liquid are formed in staggered order relative to the jets second row, angle, jet flare on the first and third levels is a multiple of 360 ° and each torch is covered by a neighboring torch by 1-2 °. and the angles of the two torches open surface coating of flammable liquids by extinguishing agents, neighboring jets at the second level soy 0 5 Q o 45 five 55 substance increases from 96.3 to 99.5%. At the same time, at constant  Lz value - 0.4 with growth - from 0.5 (, to 0.89, the coverage value increases from 94.4% to 99.4%. However, the overlap, i.e. the overrun of the extinguishing agent also increases from 4.0 to 19.6%. According to the proposed method, a coverage of at least 97-98% is provided, to which (Fig. 2) correspond to the values of / 5 (0.3-0.5) / i, and / 3 (0.7-0.8) d. With these values x /. and the overlap area is 10-15%, i.e. relatively small. For comparison, one can cite the results of experiments on extinguishing fires with water in a tank with fuel oil with a capacity of 5000 m. Quenching is done by trunks, which should be positioned at an angle of 120 to one another, since at a larger angle water loss reaches 60%. It follows that overlap zones with 60% are considered still valid. However, the limited supply of water, the rational use of pumping and other fire-fighting equipment, as well as the possibility of using more expensive and efficient fire extinguishers, make them tend to use them economically. Probably, the size of the overlapping zone should be limited to 15-20%. Invention Formula 1. The method of extinguishing flammable liquid-. in the tank, including the supply of extinguishing agent to the surface of the liquid, from the center of the tank, to its walls, characterized in that, in order to increase the extinguishing efficiency and save the extinguishing agent consumption by post-irrigation, the extinguishing agent is jets out of at least three levels above the surface of the liquid and formed at each level around the ring, while the jets of the first level from the surface of the liquid form in a checkerboard order relative to the jets of the second row, the angle, open ate jets in the first and third levels is a multiple of 360 ° and each torch overlapped adjacent torch at 1-2 °. and the angles of the two torches open thaw / 5j (0.3-0.5) yj, and ye, (OT-Oe) /, and the fire extinguishing agent jets at the first and second levels have a spray of no more than 0.5 mm, and at the third - 0 , 5-1.0 mm, 2. Method POP1, characterized in that the jets at subsequent levels from the surface of the liquid have a droplet dispersion of 0.5-1.0 mm. 3, a device for extinguishing flammable liquids in a tank, comprising a pipe located in the center of the tank, the upper portion of which is located above the surface of the liquid for supplying a fire extinguishing agent to it, characterized in that. ten 15 In order to increase the efficiency of extinguishing and save the consumption of a fire extinguishing substance by post-irrigation, it has a system of nozzles placed on the upper part of the pipe at least three levels from the surface of the liquid and located at each level in a row around the ring. Yes, from the surface of the liquid are arranged in a checkerboard pattern with respect to the second-row nozzles. 4. The device pop. 3, which differs from the fact that the adjacent nozzles of the second row are made with different spray angles.  . , //%, 0.76 j L / 9,00,274,096,36,68,6 13,50,375,097,27,310,2 18,00,475,698,49,512,3 27,00,676,699,513,717,7 2 7 73.0 74.6 75.6 76.4 94,43,14,0 96,74,86,3 98,49,512,3 99,415,119,6 Fy FIG. 2