SU1576500A1 - Unit for thermocatalytic detoxication of low-boiling organic components of waste water - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the treatment of wastewater and the protection of the environment from contamination by low-boiling organic components of industrial wastewater. The purpose of the invention is to increase productivity, efficiency and ensure a compact installation. The thermo-catalytic decontamination unit for low-boiling organic wastewater components consists of a cyclone furnace, a distillation unit for low-boiling organic components, a catalytic reactor, a heat recuperator and a salt removal system. New in the installation is the location of the cyclone furnace with upward directional movement of flue gases in the lower part of the installation, construction of evaporated effluent over the furnace of the annular tank directly adjacent to the evaporator apparatus, made in the form of a cylinder with a heated air distribution chamber placed in it (evaporation zones) with a cone-shaped bubbling grate, the bottom part of the evaporating effluent entering the tank, and the upper part passing into the drain threshold located inside ltseobraznogo original waste water tank placed above the evaporator and a transition present in the catalytic reactor, consisting of two separate cylindrical sections filled with an oxide catalyst having interposed therebetween the heat recuperator. 1 il.

Description

The invention relates to the protection of the environment from pollution by the low-boiling organic components of industrial wastewater and can be used in all areas of industrial production, for example in the chemical, oil refining, pharmaceutical and other areas.

the industry, the activity of which leads to the formation of harmful liquid effluents containing low-boiling organic components.

The purpose of the invention is to increase productivity, efficiency and ensure a compact installation.

The drawing shows the installation of the thermocatalytic disposal of low-boiling organic components of wastewater, a general view.

The thermo-catalytic decontamination plant for low-boiling organic wastewater components 8od contains a cyclone furnace 1, a unit 2 for distilling off low-boiling organic components, a catalytic reactor 3 consisting of two separate cylindrical sections q and Ј, between which there is a heat recovery unit 4, the source 5 of the source waste water , annular reservoir 6, drain threshold 7, cone-shaped bubbling grill 8, distribution chamber 9. The lower annular reservoir 10 is designed for evaporated effluent through pipe 11. In the furnace 1, there are tangentially located openings 12, 13 and 14 for secondary air, installation of gas burners and a manhole for removing slag. The installation includes a nozzle 15 for supplying air to the heat exchanger, a nozzle 16 and the nozzle 17 of the distribution chamber 9, as well as manholes 18 and 19.

The installation works as follows.

The initial wastewater is supplied through the nozzle 5 into the annular tank 6. With the help of the drain threshold 7 it is evenly distributed on the cone-shaped bubbling grill 8 The heated air from the distribution chamber 9 is sparged through the grill 8. The bubbling air passes through the film of flowing liquid to form a stable foam with a highly developed interfacial contact surface. Since the low-boiling organic components are surface-active substances, they are almost completely transferred to foam films, which, under the action of heated air and hot flue gases coming from the cyclone furnace 1, are destroyed, turning into small droplets of low-boiling organic components, and completely evaporated in the stream. One stripped off effluent (without low-boiling organic components) is collected in the lower ring-shaped reservoir 10 and discharged through the pipe 11. Smoke

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These gases are generated by burning gaseous fuel in a cyclone lined firebox 1, equipped with tangentially arranged openings 12, 13 and 14 for supplying secondary air, installing ready-made burners and a manhole for removing slag (if it is formed).

The mixture of flue gases, bubbling air and low-boiling organic components enters the first section of the catalytic reactor, where at 400 ° C most of the low-boiling organic components are oxidized, and deeper oxidation occurs from the second section S of the catalytic reactor 3, after which the flue gases are removed from the installation. For the purpose of beneficial use of the heat of oxidation of low-boiling organic components, a recuperator 4 is placed between sections a and S and intended to heat bubbling air. Through the pipe 15, air enters the recuperator 4 and is discharged from it through the pipe 16 connected to the pipe 17 of the distribution chamber 9.

The sections of the catalytic reactor are loaded with an oxide catalyst through the gaps 18 and unloaded through the gaps 19.

Placing a cyclone furnace in the lower part of the installation improves the natural thrust, as a result of which the resistance along the gas path decreases. In addition, the firebox serves as the basis for the entire compact installation.

The advantage of the proposed plant in comparison with the known one is the absence of nozzles, since the distillation of low-boiling organic components is carried out at the moment of sparging heated air into the layer of drains flowing along a cone-shaped lattice and upon contact of the formed foam with a stream of flue gases.

The installation acquires a compact form, its dimensions are significantly reduced, since not all of the effluent volume is subject to evaporation, but only low-boiling organic components, which are converted into foam during sparging. Salts, as surface-inactive substances, are not transferred to the foam (especially to the gas flow), but remain in the water as a solution, which is removed from the installation.

Operation of the installation due to the absence of nozzles, a significant reduction in size and lack of salinity is simplified.

The use of a new, cheaper oxide catalyst instead of a platinum-based catalyst, as well as the utilization of the heat of the catalytic oxidation reaction of low-boiling organic components by heating the bubbling air, greatly improves the economy and reduces the cost of the catalytic reactor and the plant as a whole.

Due to the use of the proposed units and their compact layout, complete distilling and neutralization of low-boiling organic components is provided, the efficiency and cost-effectiveness is increased, the metal consumption and installation dimensions are reduced.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula A thermo-catalytic decontamination plant for low-boiling organic wastewater components, containing a cyclone furnace, an evaporator, a reservoir of evaporated effluent and source water, a catalytic reactor, a heat recuperator, and a salt removal system, which is designed to increase productivity, efficiency and ensure compactness, cyclone firebox is located in the lower part of the installation, the tank of the evaporated effluent is made ring-shaped with a spout for removing the salt solution and is located above the firebox, evaporated rat configured as a cylinder and provided with a cam distribution of the heated air, a bubble lattice conical with upper skimming weir, re0 reservoir of raw sewage is annular and is located above the evaporator, a catalytic reactor is installed above the tank, and raw water is made of two 5 cylindrical sections with oxide catalyst, between which heat recuperator is placed.