SU1562442A1 - Device for rotary-percussive drilling - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the mining industry and is intended for the destruction of rocks. The goal is to increase the reliability of the device by ensuring the stabilization of the pressure of the working fluid in its working chambers (K). The device contains a rotator 2 with a hydraulic motor 3 and a hydraulic shock mechanism 1. The latter has a housing 7, a piston block 4 and a plunger 5, which form the K 10 forward stroke, K 8 reverse, and the auxiliary K 9. In this case, K 10 communicates with the pressure line M), K 8 through the spool 11 - with the pressure cavity (P) 14 of the hydraulic motor 3, and K 9 communicated with the drain P 16 of the hydraulic motor 3 and the drain M. . The piston 18 forms a cumulative 19, an intermediate 20 and a retaining 21 P with housing 7 communicating with P 14 and K 9 and 10 respectively. The housing 7 is made with a reset channel 25 arranged to communicate through the groove 9 with P 20. Channel 25 communicates with a pressure head M. A spring 26 is installed in the cavity 21. The working areas P 19, 20 and 21 satisfy the relation (S _n ^. P _bp ) / (S _pr P _c + S _p ^. P _beats ), where S _n , S _c , S _p - working areas, respectively, P 19, 20 and 21

P _bp , P _beats and P _c are the nominal pressure, respectively, in P 14 of hydraulic motor 3, in pressure and drain M. When pressure changes in one of P 19, 20 and 21, piston 18 moves, stabilizing pressure in K 9, 10 and P 14 When the tool 30 is jammed, the piston 18 compresses the spring 26. The pressure valve M through the channel 25 and the groove 29 communicates with the drain M. Due to this, the possibility of overloading the rotator 2 is excluded. 2 Cp. f-ly, 1 ill.

Description

Shen 18 compresses the spring 26. Pressurized M through channel 25 and groove 29 communicates with drain M. Thanks

this excludes the possibility of overloading the rotator 2. 1 c.p. f-ly, 1 ill.

The invention relates to the mining industry and can be used in the construction of impact-rotating devices for the destruction of mining; rocks.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability of the device by ensuring the stabilization of the pressure of the working fluid in the working chambers. The drawing shows the proposed device.

The rotary percussion device contains a percussion mechanism 1 and a rotator 2 with a hydraulic motor 3. The percussion mechanism has a piston head 4 and a stepped plunger 5 located in sleeve 6 and body 7, with which they form three hydraulic working chambers; controlled return stroke 8, auxiliary 9 and forward stroke 10. Chambers 9 and 8 are connected respectively to the drain and pressure lines. The valve 11 located in the housing 7 forms with the latter two hydraulic chambers: control 12 and overflow 13. The hydraulic motor 3 has a pressure chamber 14 connected by a channel 15 with an overflow chamber 13, and a drain cavity 16 connected by a channel 17 with an auxiliary chamber 9.

A step piston 18 is also installed in the housing, forming three hydraulic cavities with it: accumulative 19, intermediate 20 and retaining 21, constantly connected respectively by channel 22 to channel 15 and pressure cavity 14 of hydraulic motor 3 by channel 23 with an auxiliary chamber 9 and channel 24 with camera 10 forward move. Building 7 is made with a discharge channel 25 communicated with a pressure-driven master. The spring 26 is installed in the cavity 21.

In this case, the control of the camera 8 in reverse is performed by the spool 11 via channel 27, and the feedback of the impact mechanism with the spool 11 is controlled via the control channel 28. At the stage of smaller diameter piston ring groove 29. Ka

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0 5 Q

five

The dump 25 is disposed with the possibility of communicating through the groove 29 with the cavity 20. The piston head 4 and the rotator 2 interact with the tool 30.

The device works as follows.

The working fluid under pressure flows from the pressure line to the supporting cavity 21 of the piston 18, pressing it to the left extreme position, and via channel 24 to the camera 10 of the forward stroke, pressing the stepped plunger 5 and the piston head 4 to the drilling tool. In this case, the stepped plunger 5 opens with its end a control channel 28 that connects the control chamber 12 to the pressure line. As a result, the working fluid, acting on the end of the spool 11, fixes the latter in the leftmost position. In this case, the return chamber 8 through the channel 27 and the interstitial cavity of the spool 11 is connected to the pressure line. Since the area of the reversing chamber 8 is larger than the area of the camera 10 of the forward stroke, the piston head 4 moves to the right. As soon as the control channel 28 is connected by a step of smaller diameter of the stepped plunger 5 with the auxiliary chamber 9 connected to the drain line, the pressure in the control chamber 12 drops and the valve 11 moves to the right extreme position under the influence of the resultant force from the interplanar cavity. . In this position, the channel 27 connects the reversing chamber 8 with the overflow chamber 13 and further with the channel 15 with the pressure cavity 14 of the motor and also channel 22 with the accumulative cavity 19 of the piston 18.

Under the action of a force from the chamber 10 of the forward stroke, the stepped plunger 5 and the piston head 4 make a forward stroke. There is a displacement of the working fluid from the chamber 8 reverse through the channel 27 through the overflow chamber 13 of the spool 11 and the channel 15 into the pressure chamber 14 of the hydraulic motor 3

under some pressure determined by the moment of resistance to the rotation of the drilling tool 30. Due to the limited capacity of the hydraulic motor 3 during the direct stroke of the piston-blow 4, especially at its end (maximum speed is reached), an excess of displaced working fluid is created, which leads to an increase in pressure above its nominal value both in the pressure cavity 14 and in the accumulative cavity 19 of the piston-stabilizer 18. An imbalance of forces acting on the piston 18 occurs. The latter, under the effect of the resultant force from the Rhone storage chamber 19 is moved to the right, increasing the volume of the storage chamber 19 and through passage 22 is consumed by being yuschiys in the pressure chamber 14 of the hydraulic motor 3, an excess of working liquid. As a result, the pressure in the pressure chamber 14 and the chamber

a rapid increase in the volumes of both the auxiliary chamber 9 and the forward stroke chamber. The flow of the working fluid from the drain cavity 16 of the hydra of the motor 3 and from the pressure line n is in time for the accelerating movement of the piston-rebound 4, which leads to a decrease in pressure in these two chambers,

It means that the driving force of the piston is a striker 4 with a corresponding decrease in the shock power and efficiency of the hydroperformer. Due to the interconnection of the auxiliary camera 9 and the camera

) 5 S forward stroke of the hydraulic hammer, respectively, with the intermediate 20 and the supporting 21 cavities of the pistons in the latter also decreases the pressure of the working fluid, which leads to

20 reduction of forces from the side of intermediate 20 and retaining 21 cavities. The piston 18 is displaced to the right and displaces the working fluid from the intermediate cavity 20 through the channel 23 during the reverse stroke stabilizes that 25 the powerful chamber 9 and automatically returns the piston 18 to the equilibrium state (balance of forces acting on it) from the supporting chamber. The equilibrium state of the piston stabilizer 18, i.e. equality of forces acting on it from the cumulative, intermediate and retaining cavities at nominal pressures of the working fluid, respectively, in the pressure cavity 14 of the motor 3, the auxiliary chamber 9 and the forward stroke chamber 10, is ensured by selecting effective working areas of the piston 18 cavities ratios

5ts Rdu

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PC + S "-P,

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Claims (2)

one, 40 cavity 21 through channel 24 into the chamber 10 of the forward stroke, thereby stabilizing the pressure in them. At the end of the forward stroke, the piston-bolster 4 strikes the drilling tool 30, and the stepped plunger 5 opens the control channel 28 connecting the control chamber 12 to the discharge line. The spool 11 moves 35 in the left extreme position, disconnecting the camera 8 reverse from the pressure cavity 14 of the hydraulic motor 3 and its connection with the pressure line. Piston-firing 4 makes a reverse course. As soon as the displacement of the working fluid into the pressure chamber 14 is stopped from the backward chamber 8 due to the consumption of the working fluid by the hydraulic motor 3, the pressure in the pressure fluid - working area of the cumulative cavity - working cavity of the intermediate cavity, - working area of the retaining cavity; the nominal pressure in the pressure cavity of the motor rotator, nominal pressure in the auxiliary chamber; nominal pressure in the forward stroke chamber. In the course of the piston stroke 4 and the piston 5, along with the working fluid from the reverse flow, a rapid increase in the volumes of both the auxiliary camera 9 and the camera 10 of the forward stroke. The flow of working fluid from the drain cavity 16 of the hydraulic motor 3 and from the pressure line does not keep pace with the accelerated movement of the piston-rebound 4, which leads to a decrease in pressure in these two chambers, therefore, the driving force of the piston is the striker 4 with a corresponding decrease in the shock power and efficiency of the hydraulic perforator. Due to the interconnection of the auxiliary camera 9 and the camera The direct stroke of the hydraulic hammer, respectively, with the intermediate 20 and the supporting 21 cavities of the piston 18, in the latter also decreases the pressure of the working fluid, which leads to reduction of forces from the side of intermediate 20 and retaining 21 cavities. The piston 18 is displaced to the right and displaces the working fluid from the intermediate cavity 20 through the channel 23 into the auxiliary chamber 9 and from the retaining powerful chamber 9 and from the retaining cavity 21 through channel 24 into the chamber 10 of the forward stroke, thereby stabilizing the pressure in them. At the end of the forward stroke, the piston-strike 4 strikes the drilling tool 30, and the stepped plunger 5 opens the control channel 28 connecting the control chamber 12 to the pressure line. The spool 11 moves in the left extreme position, disconnecting the camera 8 reverse from the pressure cavity 14 of the hydraulic motor 3 and connect. her with a pressure line. Piston-firing 4 makes a reverse course. As soon as the displacement of the working fluid into the pressure chamber 14 due to the consumption of the working fluid by the hydraulic motor 3, the pressure in the pressure cavities 14, channels 15 and 22, and cumulative cavity 19 are reduced. On the piston 18, an imbalance of forces arises again, but now the resultant force moves the piston 18 to the left. Wherein the working fluid is expelled from the accumulative cavity 19 into the pressure cavity 14 of the hydraulic motor 3, stabilizing the pressure in it, and hence the magnitude of the torque. So Thus, the rotation of the drilling tool 30 continues throughout the entire working cycle with an almost constant torque. At the same time, during a reverse stroke, the piston-bout 4 From the auxiliary chamber 9 and the camera 10, the working fluid is displaced to the drain and pressure lines, respectively. Any excess pressure of the working fluid in these lines above their nominal values is stabilized by moving the piston 18 to the left. When the control channel 28 is connected by a step with a smaller diameter of the stepped plunger 5 with an auxiliary chamber connected to the drain line, the spool 11 is moved to the right extreme position. The camera 8 of the reverse direction is characterized by It is driven with the pressure cavity 14 of the motor 3 of the rotator 2. The cycle is repeated. In the case of jamming of the drilling tool 30 (rotation stop), the working fluid flows from the return stroke chamber 8 into the accumulation cavity 19, displaces the piston 18 to the extreme right position until it stops at The fact that, in order to increase the reliability of the device by ensuring the stabilization of the working fluid pressure in the working chambers, the device has a spring and a stepped piston with a groove at a stage of smaller diameter installed in the housing with the possibility of axial movement and forming a hoop spring 26. At the same time, the 6ypo-J5 is an intermediate and retaining cavities, communicated according to the pressure chamber of the hydraulic motor, the potent camera and the travel chamber, the casing being made with 30 scrap, disposed of communicating through the flow path to the intermediate cavity and the pressure main, the spring is installed in the cushion. 2. The device according to claim 1, ranging from the fact that 35 on, intermediate and supporting are made with workers The instrument is maintained at a nominal (permissible) torque value. If during this time no wedging of the drilling tool 30 has occurred, the pressure in the accumulative cavity 19 slightly increases, the end spring 26 is compressed. The piston 18, displaced to the right, opens with an annular groove 29 a discharge channel 25 and connects it to the intermediate cavity 20. The working fluid is discharged from the pressure line to the drain, i.e. the drive is unloaded. When wedging a drilling tool 4Q satisfying the j ratio of 30, the hydraulic motor 3 rotates, consuming some volume from the pressure cavity 14, the pressure in the accumulation cavity 19 drops and the piston 18 moves to the left under the action of the end spring 26. Reset channel 25 overlaps. In the retaining cavity 21, the pressure increases, under the action of which the piston 18 moves to the left against the stop. The working fluid displaced from the accumulative cavity 19 drives the hydraulic motor 3 and the drilling tool 30 to rotate. The normal operation of the hydraulic perforator is restored. 5n RIR SnP PC + S P. VA 45 50 where Sj, is the working area of the cavity;  - the nominal pressure of the porous cavity hydro SUP - the working area of the cavity, RS - the nominal pressure drain line; Sn - working space under the cavity / GUA - the nominal pressure of the porn line. 2442 Form eight la invention 1. A percussion-rotary device, including a rotator with a hydraulic motor and a hydraulic hammer mechanism, having a housing, a piston firing pin and a plunger, which form a forward running chamber, connected to a pressure line, a reverse gear chamber connected through a spool to the pressure cavity of the hydraulic motor and an auxiliary chamber communicated with the drain cavity of the hydraulic motor and the drain The fact that, in order to increase the reliability of the device by ensuring the stabilization of the working fluid pressure in the working chambers, the device is equipped with a spring and a stepped piston with a groove at a stage of smaller diameter installed in the housing with axial displacement and forming an accumulator with the housing. communicated respectively with the pressure cavity of the hydraulic motor, an auxiliary chamber and a forward stroke chamber, the housing being made with a reset channel arranged with the possibility of communication n and the intermediate cavity associated with the pressure line, the spring is mounted in the backwater hydrochloric cavity. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the drive on, the intermediate and retaining cavities are made with working areas, creative 5n RIR flying soo SnP PC + S P. VA satisfying ratio where Sj, is the working area of the cumulative cavity;  - the nominal pressure in the pressure cavity of the hydraulic motor, SUP - the working area of the intermediate cavity, Рс - the nominal pressure in drain line; Sn - working area of the retaining cavity / evolving ratios GUA - nominal pressure in the pressure line.