SU1439035A1 - Marine installation for disinfecting and treating waste water - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to wastewater treatment, specifically to devices for cleaning and disinfecting wastewater on river and sea vessels, as well as vessels of mixed (river sea), floating drilling platforms and other equipments.

Known installation for cleaning and

14

352

substances (synthetic surfactants). This is due to the fact that wastewater containing SPAC, after electrochemical treatment, contains coagulated flakes of low impurities, and a large part of them are very small flakes that are not entrapped by rising air bubbles. By

15

20

25

thirty

disinfection of wastewater on ships, Q, in the process of firing, they are destroyed by gas bubbles and some of them, even with a slight rolling motion, are inevitably transferred from the electrochemical treatment unit to the tank for purified water and then overboard.

In addition, the tank for purified water cannot fully ensure the function of the contact tank, since it is periodically emptied during plant operation, and therefore the last portions of the treated drain are dumped overboard almost without discharging; contact time is less than 30 minutes, which corresponds to about a quarter of the total discharged flow volume. Therefore, in a known installation, the efficiency of disinfection is achieved by increasing the concentration of residual chlorine by 4-5 times as compared with the MPC permitted by sanitary regulations.

The need for fluid retention in a tank for purified water, which has a limited volume, prevents an increase in productivity. installations by increasing the wastewater treatment rate without increasing the size of the installation.

Thus, the known installation is not efficient enough, since it does not allow to fully automate the process of cleaning and disinfecting wastewater on ships, especially river and mixed navigation, has limited productivity and does not provide the necessary degree of cleaning and disinfection of wastewater. waters, especially containing petroleum products and synthetic surfactants.

The purpose of the invention is to determine the installation performance and the degree of purification and disinfection: nodding wastewater.

This goal is achieved in that the installation for cleaning and disinfecting waste water on ships, including a unit for separating solid components including a unit for separating solid components from wastewater, a tank for storing and averaging wastewater, an electrochemical processing unit and a salt supply unit that has a tank for saline l.

The disadvantage of the known installation is that it requires significant additional labor costs for the installation, which are connected with the necessity of periodically preparing a salt solution of a certain concentration and filling the specified tank with them during the operation of the installation in lake-river conditions. In addition, the introduction of the salt solution directly into the electrochemical cleaning unit does not provide the necessary temporary contact of the wastewater with electrically forming chlorine, which significantly reduces the disinfecting effect of the entire installation. The insufficient disinfecting effect of the installation may also be due to the fact that with any change in the cross section of the pipeline and its branches, as well as in violation of the stability of air pressure in the tank of the salt supply unit, there is a change in the consumption of sodium chloride solution from the tank and corresponding. its concentration in the wastewater being treated.

The efficiency of a known installation for cleaning and disinfecting wastewaters, including its capacity, is also reduced due to the fact that the electrochemical treatment unit is connected directly to a tank for purified water, from which, after some time, determined by the time required to accumulate the tank, water is pumped overboard.

The installation does not provide the necessary level of cleaning in the presence of petroleum products in the waste liquid and even. minor amounts of synthetic surfactants

40

45

50

55

nentov from atochi1, gkh waters, a tank for accumulation and averaging of sewage, an electrochemical processing unit and a salt supply unit, having a tank for saline solution, is equipped with an additional fine purification unit, complete with a steeply inclined sump, equipped with a perforated pipeline connected to the unit drain electrochemical treatment, and the tank of the salt supply unit is connected to a tank for the accumulation and averaging of sewage through a pipeline with an integrated metering pump forged compressed air line.

In addition, the salt supply unit tank is divided by a partition into two chambers communicating with each other by means of an overflow pipe located in the upper part of the partition, and in the lower part by means of a pipeline with an integrated pump, one of the chambers equipped with a perforated pipeline for supplying compressed air, a branch pipe to supply pure water, sensors of the upper and lower levels of the salt solution, a salinometer, and the second chamber was filled with a hatch for loading the crystalline salt.

The drawing shows a block diagram of an installation for cleaning and disinfecting wastewater on ships.

The installation design is made in block design.

The installation comprises a block 1 for separating solid components from wastewater, which is equipped with a nozzle 2 for supplying wastewater to the installation and is connected via pipeline 3 with a container 4 for accumulating and averaging the separated wastewater. In the lower part of the tank 4 is installed a perforated pipe 5 connected to the pipe 6 supplying saty air from an external source. The tank 4 is connected by a pipeline 7 with an integrated pump 8 to an electrochemical treatment unit 9, which in turn is connected to the additional cleaning unit 10 by means of a pipe 11 connected to a perforated pipeline 12 located in the lower part of the unit 10. The latter is designed as a steeply inclined sump , incl. inclined at an angle of 45-60 part 13, containing parallel-installed pipes and equipped with a spout Drain treated water overboard, and the lower cone part 14 connected by means of a pipe Yes. 15 with a pipe 16. The latter is connected, at one end, via a billet 17 to unit 1 for separating solid components from wastewater, and the other to pump 18 for removing solid components.

Salt supply node 19 consists

5 from a tank divided by a partition 20 on-chambers 21 and 22. Chamber 21 of a concentrated salt solution is equipped with sensors of the upper level

0 liquid level 24, saline meter 25, perforated pipe 26, connected to the compressed air supply pipe 27 from an external source, and clean supply pipe 28

5 water. Wet salt storage chamber 22 was provided with an upper hatch 29 in its upper part for loading crystalline salt. In the partition wall 20 installed overflow pipe

0 30. The chamber 21 is connected to the chamber 22 via a pipe 31 located at its bottom with an integrated pump 32, and also communicates via a pipeline 33 with an integrated metering pump 34 with a capacity of 4 for accumulating and averaging the separated wastewater. The installation works as follows.

Wastewater through pipe 2 is sent to the solid component separation unit 1, in which it is produced. separation of wastewater into solid and liquid phases. The solid components of the wastewater pump 18 pumped out of block 1 for salinity. If necessary, they are pre-crushed by crusher 17. The wastewater separated in block 1 is directed through conduit 3 to tank 4, which is intended for accumulation and averaging of wastewater, as well as to smooth out peak loads. At the same time, the reservoir 34 is fed into the tank 4 through the pipeline 33 by the metering pump 34 from the salt supply unit 19.

For the preparation of this solution, the crystalline salt before starting 5

0

five

0

ten

The unit is loaded51 through the hatch 29 in the volume of 2/3 of the chamber 22, then through: - The cutting pipe 28 into the chamber 21 is supplied with water until the sensor 23 triggers, which sends a corresponding signal to stop the flow of water. Since the incoming water does not contain salt, saline meter 25 gives the command to turn on pump 32, which begins to pump water from chamber 21 to chamber 22 through conduit 31, Adding to the lower part of the latter and filtering through crystalline salt, water dissolves it and then enters through the overflow pipe 30 to chamber 21. The indicated cycle is repeated until the water is saturated with common salt. Upon reaching the required concentration of the salt-: 2o solution through the pipeline Discharging aboard the suder 25 gives the command to terminate on,.

the bone, together with the suspended impurities contained in it, rises through the pipes installed in the inclined part 13. At the same time, the impurities are enlarged due to coagulation in the laminar flow. The coagulated particles are deposited on the surfaces of the pipes and under the force of gravity slide downwards, simultaneously catching suspended particles moving upwards, while eliminating the need for additional washing of the pipes. The sludge is collected in the cone 5 of part 14, from which it is periodically pumped out by pumps 35 and 18 through pipelines 15 and 16 for mineralization, and the water treated in the additional purification unit 10 is fed

coca 32, b of the preparation process, the solution with the aim of activating it in chamber 21 through the nozzle 27 and the perforated pipe 26 is compressed air from an external source.

As the salt solution is consumed, its level in chamber 2-1 pales, sensor 24 is triggered and gives a command to intake clean water into chamber 21 through nozzle 28,

The waste, p, bone in tank 4 is continuously mixed with saline from the chamber 22. At the same time, in order to better mix and prevent sediment falling out of the wastewater into the tank 4 through the pipe 6 and the perforated pipe 5, compressed air from an external source is continuously supplied.

From the tank 4, wastewater under pressure, which is provided by the pump 8, is supplied through the pipeline 7 to the electrochemical treatment unit 9. In the latter, coagulation of colloidal impurities, flotation of coagulated impurities with hydrogen bubbles formed during electrolysis, and disinfection of waste water formed by electrolytic chlorine are produced.

Processes that were processed in block 9 are supplied via pipeline 11 to block 10 for additional purification. In order to avoid jetting, as well as to improve the process of settling the waste liquid, its inlet to block 10 is made through a perforated pipe 12. The liquid entering block 10

o by pipeline Dumping overboard,.

the bone, together with the suspended impurities contained in it, rises through the pipes installed in the inclined part 13. At the same time, the impurities are enlarged due to coagulation in the laminar flow. The coagulated particles are deposited on the surfaces of the pipes and under the force of gravity slide downwards, simultaneously catching suspended particles moving upwards, while eliminating the need for additional washing of the pipes. The sludge is collected in the cone 5 of part 14, from which it is periodically pumped out by pumps 35 and 18 through pipelines 15 and 16 for mineralization, and the water treated in the additional purification unit 10 is fed

five

If the salt content in the outboard water and, accordingly, in the waste liquid is 3 g / l or more, the node

5 19 salt supply is disabled.

Sewage water that has been treated in an installation of this structure fully meets the sanitary requirements imposed on wastewater,

0 discharged from ships, namely: the content of) above suspended solids is less than 50 mg / l, BOD-5 is less than 50 mg / lu col-index less than 1000,

The introduction of sodium chloride solution directly into the waste water prior to its electrochemical treatment further stabilizes the disinfection process, and also prevents the formation of aluminum hydroxide precipitate on the aluminum electrode plates in the electrochemical treatment unit, while the decomposition of the aluminum plates proceeds evenly until complete dissolution.

These studies also confirm the efficiency of the installation when cleaning wastewater, especially containing alloys and petroleum products: if the wastewater does not meet sanitary requirements in the code from the electrochemical treatment unit, and the cleaning effect is 70-84% (by suspended matter), the liquid , taken after the additional purification unit, already complies with the requirements, with

This cleaning effect is 88-95%, the decontamination effect is 99%, and if the index is less than 1000

five

0

 one

At one time, the proposed installation ensures the purification of any ship effluent at a high degree of pollution, including the purification of bottom water containing oil products in the amount of 100-150 mg / l.

In addition, the inclusion of an additional purification unit in the installation makes it possible to increase the productivity of the proposed installation by 2.5 times compared to the known one by increasing the flow rate of the effluent while increasing it.

390358

The current density between:; The 1rk-genera of the elektrokh | {mi n1 purification unit, since such an increase in the current density contributes to an increase in the flocculation rate and, accordingly, their greater removal into the tank for purified water, and then overboard.

The proposed installation allows to increase the productivity and degree of purification and disinfection of wastewater.

nineteen

Vi

Claims (2)

1. INSTALLATION FOR CLEANING AND DISINFECTING WASTE WATER IN SHIPS, including a unit for separating solid components from wastewater, a tank for accumulating and averaging wastewater, an electrochemical treatment unit and a salt supply unit having a saline solution tank, characterized in that, with the aim of increasing the plant’s productivity and the degree of wastewater treatment and disinfection, the plant is equipped with an additional fine-purification unit, made with a steep-sump settler, equipped with a perforated pipeline, so connected to the drain pipe of the electrochemical processing unit, and the tank of the salt supply unit is connected via a pipeline with an integrated metering pump to a tank for accumulating and averaging wastewater equipped with a perforated pipe for supplying compressed air. 2. Installation pop. 1, characterized in that the tank of the salt supply unit is divided by a partition into two chambers, communicating one with the other by means of an overflow pipe located in the upper part of the partition, and 'in the lower part by means of a pipeline with an integrated pump, one of the chambers being equipped with a perforated pipeline for supplying compressed air, a pipe for supplying clean water, sensors of the upper and lower lower levels of salt solution, salinometer, and the second chamber is made with a hatch for loading crystalline salt. (Λ s