SU1423011A1 - Method and apparatus for sowing farm crops - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention relates to agricultural production, in particular, to methods and devices for planting crops of agricultural crops. The purpose of the invention is to increase the erosion resistance and quality of sowing, reducing the energy intensity of the process. When moving, the device mills a gap in the soil to the depth of fertilizer application. Fertilizers are applied to the bottom of the slit using the fertilizer coulter 3, which at the same time expands it by cutting one of the walls with the subsequent displacement of the cut soil in the slit without mixing. Having started in the walls of the slit with the help of a narrow disc opener 4, grooves for the seeds are formed, located in the soil horizon above the level of fertilizer application. Seeds are sown in the grooves, then they are covered and rolled to create a protective mulch soil layer on the surface. 2 sec. f-ly, 6 ill. (L

Description

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The invention relates to agricultural production and can be used when sowing agricultural crops mainly for minimally treated and uncultivated soil, i. The purpose of the invention is to increase the erosion resistance and sowing quality, reduce energy consumption. technological process

FIG. 1 shows the working devices of the device for performing the method of sowing agricultural crops; in fig. 2 shows section A-A in FIG. 1, (profile of a strip of soil treated with a milling disc); in fig. 3 is a resolution of EB in FIG. 1 (opener for fertilizer application); in fig. 4 - section bb n | a fig. 1 (coulter position for high seed); in fig. 5 is a section of YYD in FIG. 1 (transverse profile of the grooves after they are closed by the mortars)

 FIG. 6 is a section d-d in FIG. 1 (a roller compacting soil B in a locally treated strip after an ache seed and fertilizer application).

A device for performing the method "g. 1) includes a frame with supporting wheels | (not shown), a milling Arabic 1 with a horizontal axis (Fig. 2), perpendicular to the movement direction, a protective casing 2, a chisel-shaped fertilizer coulter 3, double chassis coulter 4, h | agortach 5, press roller 6. “Feather drum 1 has flat feet 7 (FIG. 2), set at an angle to the longitudinal-vertical plane.

The method is carried out as follows.

. In the soil, milling T1) is cut into a slit; one of which is vertical, and the other p is set at an angle of 10 ... 30 to the longitudinal-vertical plane. With the help of the CW of the opener 3, a full dose of mineral urobrohenia is brought to the bottom. Then the gap is expanded by cutting the layer of soil cutting, edge of the opener from the side of its vertical wall. The cut soil is ripped open and fills the gap. As a result, pruning occurs without soil and soil mixing, stubble and peel remains remain on the surface of the layer. The result is a strip of loosened

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soil, protected from above by a mulch layer and a cross-sectional view of an isosceles triangle. After that, two parallel grooves for the beams, equidistant from the center of the loosened strip and located above the level of fertilizer application, form in the walls of the receiving slit, which have an intact addition. The grooves have a compacted bed with a recess, which provides capillary moisture to the seeds and prevents them from falling to the bottom of the slot and mixing with fertilizers. Then the seeds are covered with soil from the top layer of the loosened strip and are primed with a roller.

A device for implementing the method works as follows.

The milling drum 1, placed under the protective casing 2, rotates, loosens the soil in the installation zone of flat knives 7, forming a slot to a depth sufficient for fertilizing, for example 12 cm. The fertilizer coulter 3 cuts the soil layer and displaces it with fertilizer without mixing in the transverse direction into the slot previously formed by the cutter. This allows, along with the preservation of the mulch layer, to obtain a treated strip with a triangular cross section. The narrow disk coulter 4, moving along the treated strip as along a guide, pushes its side walls, forming in them two grooves equidistant from the center of the strip. Seeds are sown in the grooves located in the soil horizon above the level of fertilizers. Zagortach 5 collects the soil parted by the opener and pickles the seed. Prikatshakriy skating rink 6, which has a W-shaped cross section with large diameters located above the seeded grooves at the point of contact, compacts the soil to form antierosity micro unevenness. At the same time, greater soil compaction occurs in the seed embedding zone, which improves capillary moisture supply to the seeds.

Claims (1)

1. The method of sowing agricultural crops, including cutting in the soil of cracks with walls arranged at an angle relative to the pro-HAB / g Have needles Yr (pus.5 ll