SU1418476A1 - Yielding anchor - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the fastening of mine workings and m. used in the construction and operation of underground structures at great depths or in unstable rocks. The goal is to increase the reliability of the anchor in the compliance mode. The anchor includes a lock installed in the borehole, a load-carrying rod 1 and a compliance node. The last is made in the form of a conical dissector (P) 2 on

Description

I

i

(L

with:

.four

00

the end of the rod 1, the retaining element of the load-carrying washer 4 with the conical through holes 5, the larger diameter of which is facing the development, and placed between the retaining element and the P filler 3 of the bulk material (CM). Poi. This P 2 is installed at the bottom of the well and has a diameter

smaller than the diameter of the well, but larger than the diameter of the rod 1. The width of the slit 11 P 2 is not. less than five times the average. the diameter of the particle of the SM filler is 3. The lock of the anchor is made in the form

tube 6 of the CM with a plug 7, located in the mouth of the well. When the rocks are displaced around the mine when the load on the rod 1 is greater than the resistance of the compliance node, P 2 begins to move in the direction of the washer 4, the Particles 3 are displaced by P 2 and through the slit 11 are moved to the bottom of the well. The anchor operates in the compliance mode until P 2 reaches point 4, after which the anchor works as rigid. 2 Il.

one

The invention relates to the fastening of mine workings, namely to anchor supports, and can be used in the construction and operation of underground structures at great depths or in unstable rocks.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the reliability of the anchor in the compliance mode.

FIG. 1 shows a malleable anchor, a longitudinal section; in: FIG. 2 is a plot of the displacement U of the dissector in the well versus the load P on the anchor.

The malleable anchor has a cargo-j sticking rod 1, a knot of compliance, made in the form of a conical dissector 2, a filler 3 of bulk material and a retaining element of. a load-carrying washer 4 with a tapered through o-holes 5, a lock in the form of a plug 6 of bulk material with a plug 7, a grab 8 and a nut 9.

In the plug 7 there is a longitudinal channel 10 for feeding bulk material into the well. The cone divider 2 is mounted on the inner end of the bulkhead rod 1 and is placed in the bottom part of the well. The filler 3 is placed between the washer 4 and the divider 2 with the possibility of pressing through the annular slot 11 of the dissector when operating in the compliance mode. The width of the slit 11 of the dissector 2 is not less than five times the size of the characteristic particles of the bulk material of the filler 3. Cone through

holes 5 in the cargo carrier washer 4 with a large diameter facing the development. The lock in the form of a stopper 6 made of material with a plug 7 is placed in

5 wellhead. The diameter of the dissector 2 is smaller than the diameter of the well, but larger than the diameter of the rod 1,

Anchor lining set as follows. . .

H Before installation, determine the required minimum depth H of the well and backfill with its bulk material. The calculation is made by the formula

15

 , f, f L

r (Sf) - (s,

CP "

0 where f

WITH -

5 S f 0 f,

five

Р Р „the area of the ring section formed by the load-carrying rod and the walls of the well, cm i

perimeter of the well section, cm; the perimeter of the cross section of the load-carrying rod, cm; coefficient of friction between the bulk material and the borehole wall;

coefficient of friction between bulk material and load-carrying wipe;

lateral thrust coefficient; bulk weight of bulk material, kg / cm;

design bearing capacity of anchor lining, kN.

To the calculated depth H, the magnitude of compliance ii, which is determined both by the geomechanical properties of the rocks surrounding the excavation and the amount of pulling force applied to the anchor during its installation, is added.

A cone divider 2 is fixed to the load-carrying washer 4 with through-holes 5 on the load-carrying rod I. Then, with a tension of not less than 0.25 kN on the load-carrying rod 1, the plug 7 is fixed. T Insert the assembled anchor into the drilled well, ensuring between the borehole wall, the load carrying washer 4 and the plug 7, g, at least 0.50 kN. The space between the divider 2, carrying

rod 1, carrying the washer 4, for-2o katel at the end of the rod, retaining

the muffler 7 and the borehole walls through the holes 5. and the channel 10 are filled with bulk material using a tool (not shown). After filling the well with a conductive material, the channel 10 25 of the plug 7 is closed, then the pickup 8 is put on the rod 1 and the load-carrying rod is tightened with the nut 9 until the distance between the spacing element and the ductile filler placed between it and the divider is smaller than the diameter of the well , but larger than the diameter of the rod, characterized in that, in order to increase the reliability of the anchor in the compliance mode, the anchor lock is made in the form of:. cork from bulk material with zag

Lom 2 and the load-carrying washer 4 do not stagnate a muffler placed in the wellhead part equal to L, i.e. the magnitude of the anchor compliance. After that, loosened the nut 9, reduce the force in the load-carrying rod 1 to the design.

Compliant anchor works as follows.

When the rocks are displaced around the excavation, the pickup 8 begins to shift inside the excavation. As a result, upon reaching the rod, it is greater than the resistance of the node to podtti wells, and the retaining element in the form of a load-carrying washer with conical through holes, the larger diameter of which is turned to the development,

2g of this, the divider is installed at the bottom of the well, and bulk material is used as a flexible aggregate, and the slit width of the dissector is at least five times the average particle diameter of the aggregate bulk material.

In this case, the spreader 2 begins to move in the direction of the load-carrying washer 4. At the same time, the filler particles are displaced by the spreader 2 and through the slit I1 are moved to the bottom of the well.

The anchor operates in the compliance mode until the divider 2 reaches the load-carrying washer 4, after which the anchor begins to work as rigid.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula Compliant aHifep, inclusions, a lock installed in a well, a load-carrying rod and a compliance unit made in the form of a conical dispersal element and a compliant filler placed between it and the divider, the diameter of which is smaller than the diameter of the well but larger than the diameter of the rod, characterized by increase the reliability of the anchor in the compliance mode, the anchor lock is executed in the form:. cork from bulk material with zag these wells, and the supporting member, in the form of a load-carrying washer with conical through holes, whose larger diameter is turned to the development, with this divider is installed at the bottom of the well, and bulk material is used as a flexible filler, and the slit width of the dissector is no less than five times the average particle diameter of the aggregate bulk material.