SU1491369A1 - Double-disk coulter for sowing plant seeds - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular, to devices for forming seed furrows and embedding seeds when sowing agricultural crops. The purpose of the invention is to increase the uniformity of seed placement. The double disk coulter consists of body 1, disk furrower 2, this direction 3, quencher 4, seed speed. On the housing 1, between the disks 2, on the axis 5, a seal 6 is pivotally mounted with a sealing 7 and a furrow forming 8 surfaces, spring-loaded 9 with a screw mechanism for adjusting its tension. By tensioning the spring 9, a compaction pressure is established at the bottom of the furrow, equivalent to the average soil hardness. When the coulter moves, seeds follow the guide 3, which is shaped like a branch of a cubic parabola, reach the lowest point 16 of this guide, which has zero curvature and 4 seed speeds located below the lower edge of the extinguisher, and are directed at an angle of incidence close to 90 ° the bottom of the furrow. As a result, the value of the normal component of the seed velocity after their impact on the bottom of the furrow decreases, thereby increasing the seed embedding uniformity. 3 il.

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular, to devices for sowing furrows and seed embedding when sowing agricultural crops.

The aim of the invention is to improve the uniformity of seed placement.

FIG. 1 shows a double disc coulter, side view; in fig. 2 shows section A-A in FIG. one; in fig. 3 shows a section BB in FIG. I.

The two-disk coulter includes body I, disk furrowing machine 2, this drive gland 3, and extinguisher 4 seed speeds. On the housing 1 (between the disks 2), an axle 5 is pivotally mounted on the axle 5 with the Yush seal, it 7 and the furrow forming 8 surfaces, spring-loaded spring 9 with a screw mechanism 10 for adjusting its tension. At the end of the rectilinear part of the compactor 6, the cantilever, in the plane of its oscillations and along the movement of the opener, is attached a mechanism for adjusting the position of the center of gravity of the compactor 6, made in the form of an axis 1I with a screw surface on which the massive washer 12 is mounted. The magnitude of the oscillation amplitude of the compactor 6 between the discs 2 limit stop shock absorbers 13.

On the surface 14 of the back side of the compactor 6, this guide 3 is fixed by this. The transport surface 15 of this guide 3 is designed as a branch.

CO od

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11a) abo. 1y. BepiunHa of a cubic parabola in the vicinity of point 16 of descent of seeds is located below the level of the lower edge of the part of the quencher 4 of seed velocity.

Two-disk coiuHHK for seeding agricultural crops works as follows.

Before the beginning of the technological process, the tension of the spring 9 is established, which provides the specific pressure of the seals 6 to the bottom of the furrow, equivalent to the average soil hardness in the zone of formation of the bottom of the furrow groove. When the centurion moves in the soil, the compaction 6 by the sealing surface 7 transfers to the bottom of the furrow the pressure developed by the spring 9. At the time when this pressure is equivalent to the actual soil hardness, the compaction 6 is in equilibrium, with the fatigue the sealing surface 7 slides but the bottom of the furrow. Seeds move along this train to guideline 3, when reaching the point of the lower part of the transporting surface 15 in the vicinity of the vanishing point 16, their trajectory has zero curvature, as a result of which the seeds are directed to the bottom of the furrow at an angle of incidence, b, 1 low l / 2. As a result, the luaeTCH value of the normal component of their velocity decreases after hitting the bottom of the furrow. Under the action of the tangential component of the shock and the pulse, they continue to move along the surface of the bottom of the sulcus opposite to the velocity vector of the opener. Until the moment of stopping the seeds at the bottom of the furrow, the lower part of the quencher 4 protects them from prematurely filling up with soil.

When the hardness of the soil changes by more than 10%, forced koi, 1 bani unyutnitel 6, begin, the kinetic energy of which is spent on compact

the bottom of the furrow, its alignment, the prevention of sticking between the disk space of the collar, the outlet opening of the guideline 3 and the sealing surface 7.

Due to forced vibrations of the compactor 6, the position of the compactor of the furrow bottom relative to the field surface changes, but this does not affect the magnitude of the seed falling to the bottom of the furrow, since this guide 3 is fixedly mounted on the surface 14 of the back side of the compactor 6 and performs joint vibrations.

The use of a joint with this guide mounted on a compactor and having a profile in the form of a branch of a cubic parabola reduces the normal component of the seed speed after hitting the bottom of the furrow and thus increasing the uniformity of seed embedding along the depth of the sowing furrow, get friendly shoots and increase 10-15% field germination of grain crops.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula Two-disk joint for sowing seeds of agricultural crops including a body, a disk furrow generator, between the disks of which a guide is installed, and in the front part of the furrow generator a sealing element made in the form of a two-arm hinged on the body, equipped with a mechanism for adjusting the position of its center of body, and seed speed extinguisher, characterized in that, in order to increase the seed embedding uniformity, this guide is designed as a branch of a cubic parabola, whose top AFS lo- wife below the lower edge quencher se.m speed N, and is secured to the seal. , d you     T t g , B / J Ai Compiled by V. Ilyin Editor S. PekarTehred I. VeresKorrektor T. Kolb Order 3767/1 Circulation 621 Subscription VNIIPI State Committee for Inventions and Discoveries at the State Committee for Science and Technology SSS.R 113035, Moscow, Zh-35, Raushsk nab. 4/5 Production and publishing combine “Patent, Uzhgorod, ul. Gagarin, 101 f (- / ( Fi, g. 5