SU1488317A1 - System for program control of process of vacuum treatment of steel in batches - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to secondary treatment of steel and is intended for programmed process control of a batch vacuum processing of steel. The goal is to increase the production and quality of vacuum processing. To do this, reduce the time of oscillation cycles by adjusting the time of pauses between oscillations and adjust the program of vacuum processing depending on the measured level of the metal in the ladle. 1 il.

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which spool 9 with the first 10 and second 11 electromagnets, the battery 12, the distributor 13, the first filter 14 of the motor 15, the heat exchanger 16, the pump 17, the second filter 18, the electric motor 19 with the control unit 20, including a converter 21, circuit 22 current control, 'contour _23 speed control, setting knob

24 intensity and 25 start bus.

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The first, second and third outputs of the sensor 7 pulses are connected respectively to the inputs of addition, subtraction and P-input of the displacement counter 26, the discharge outputs of which are connected to the first discharge inputs of the adder 27. The discharge outputs of the latter through the вход-input of the register 28 are connected to the first information whatsup-zz,. ,, 1488317

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the house of the regulator 29 of the position, consisting of a digital discriminator 30, the first and second elements And 31 and 32 of the limit switches 33 and 34 extreme positions, the first and second elements NOT 35 and 36, the first and second elements OR 37 and 38 of the first and second amplifiers 39 and 40

The first · information input of the position controller 29 is connected to the first digit inputs of the digital discriminator 30. The “Less” and “More” outputs of the last are connected respectively to the first inputs of the first and second elements AND 31 and 32. Their second inputs are respectively connected to the switch 33 of the lowest position and with the switch 34 of the extreme upper position, and the outputs, respectively, with the inputs of the first and second elements HE 35 and 36 and with the first inputs of the first and second elements OR 37 and 38, the outputs of which are connected respectively to the input gives the first and second amplifiers 39 and 40, the outputs of which are connected to the first and second inputs of the hydraulic actuator 4 and to the inputs of the first and second electromagnets 10 and 11 of the electro-hydraulic slide valve 9. The outputs of the first and second elements HE 35 and 36 are the third and fourth outputs of the controller 29 position and inputs of the second and first elements And 31 and 32.

The output of the gauge 41 of the metal level in the bucket is connected to the second bit inputs of the adder 27, the control input of which is connected to the 8-input of the register 28 and the recording bus 42.

The control output of the program setting unit 43 is connected to the control input of the switch 44. The first, - fourth information inputs of the last one are connected respectively to the first - fourth outputs of the program setting unit 43.

The information bus 45 from the automated process control system is connected to the fifth information input of the switch 44, the first information output of which is connected to the second bit inputs of the digital discriminator 30, the output of which is Equal to which is connected to the first input of the pause controller 46 and to the first inputs of its first and second elements Both 47 and 48. Their second inputs are combined and connected to the output of the pulse generator 49, and the third inputs are connected respectively to the direct and inverse outputs of the trigger 50,

The 3 and K inputs of which are the second and third inputs of the pause time controller 46 and are connected respectively to the third and fourth inputs of the position controller 29.

The second and third information outputs of the switch 44 are connected respectively to the first bit inputs of the first and second comparators 51 and 52 of the pause controller 46, the second bit inputs of which are connected respectively to the outputs of the first and second counters 53 and 54, the counting inputs ι of which are connected respectively to the outputs of the first and the second elements And 47 and 48. The output of the first comparator 51 is connected to the second control input of the switch 44, to the K-input of the first counter 53 and to the second input of the second element OR 38 of the position regulator 29 .

The output of the second comparator 52 is combined with the K-input of the second counter 54 and with the second input of the first element OR 37 of the position regulator 29 and connected to the third control input of the switch 44 with the counting input of the counter 55 rocking cycles, the output of which is connected to the first bit inputs of the comparator 56, the second bit inputs of which are connected to the fourth information output of the switch 44, and the output - With the fourth input of the first and second elements And 31 and 32 of the regulator 29 position.

All units and components of the system can be implemented both in hardware and software, based on microprocessor technology.

As the gauge 41 of the metal level in the bucket 3, any level measurement device capable of storing information between measurements can be used.

Block 43 of the program assignments represented by *? There are four groups of two switches, each for ten positions in the binary coded decimal code. The first troupe of switches commutes on the first information output the setting of the lower position of the socket in the bucket with metal, the second - on the second information output - the setting of the upper position, the third - on the third information output beyond 5

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giving the pause time and at the lower position of the nozzle in the bucket with metal, and the fourth - on the fourth information output, setting the pause time for the upper position of the nozzle in the bucket with the metal.

Block 43 task programs can also be implemented using a keyboard using the electronic number of the dialer on the chip K145IK8P.

The keyboard can be with hardware and software forming the output code. The keyboard of the first type is a functionally lawful: autonomous unit, at the outputs of which a standard code is formed. The key type (mechanical or sensory) does not affect the structure of the program setting block 43.

Switch 44 can be implemented on the basis of multi-mode buffer register type K589IR12 or on a specialized interface type K580IK55 with parallel input / output information. The remaining nodes can be made using digital chips.

The system software process control portion vacuum processing of steel works as follows.

Before vacuuming, the vacuum chamber 1 with the suction nozzle 2 rises to the upper initial position, a steel-teeming ladle 3 with metal is fed under it, technological measurements are made. The movement of the vacuum chamber 1 is provided by a hydraulic actuator 4 by turning the rocker arm 5 around the axis. The angle of rotation of the rocker arm 5 through the gearbox 6 is measured by the sensor 7 pulses.

One shoulder of the rocker arm 5 is kinematically connected with the rod of the hydraulic cylinder 8.

The command to lower the vacuum chamber 1 with the suction nozzle 2 is formed by an electro-hydraulic spool 9 by turning on the first electromagnet 10 when the second electromagnet 11 is de-energized. At the same time, the working fluid from the battery 12 through the distributor 13, the first filter 14, the hydraulic motor 15, heat exchangers 16, the pump 17 and the second filter 18 enters the rodless cavity

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the hydraulic cylinder 8, extends, and there is a lowering of the vacuum chamber 1,

The motor 15 creates on the shaft of the pump 17 the main part of the torque, the rest of the moment creates the electric motor 19, the rotor speed of which determines the speed of lowering the vacuum chamber 1.

The electric motor 19 is controlled by control units 20, its structural diagram is assembled according to the well-known scheme [of the subordinate regulation and sequential correction. The motor 19 is controlled via the converter 21. In the control unit 20, an external negative feedback loop for the motor 19 speed and an internal negative current feedback loop of the motor through the current sensor is used.

The loop of current regulator 22 is slave. At the output it is formed. The signal that is fed to the converter 21. The current regulator 22 is triggered by a signal from the output of the speed controller 23, the input of which receives a signal from the output of the intensity setter 24, which is triggered by a signal on the start bus 25.

The command to lift the vacuum chamber 1 is formed by an electro-hydraulic spool 9 when its first electromagnet 10 is de-energized and its second electromagnet 11 is turned on. The vacuum chamber 1 rises under the action of a counterweight mounted on one of the arms of the rocker arm 5. At the same time, the working fluid from the rodless cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 8 is forced out into the accumulator 12 through the distributor 13, the first filter 14, the hydraulic motor 15, the heat exchanger 16, the pump 17 and the second filter 18.

When lifting the vacuum chamber 1, the hydraulic motor 15 is braked by the electric motor 19, whose rotor speed determines the lifting speed of the vacuum chamber 1.

The heat exchangers 16 are designed to cool the working fluid leaving the hydraulic motor 15 and fed to the inlet 17 of the pump.

Number of simultaneously working

heat exchangers 16 depends on the intensity of the mode of operation of the hydraulic drive

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Each heat exchanger 16 is turned on "automatically by signals from its thermal detector. The higher the temperature of the working fluid supplied to the pump inlet, the more heat exchangers are involved in the work.

When lifting the vacuum chamber 1, the sensor 7 pulses outputs signals from the first output to the summing input of the displacement counter 26, d when lowering the vacuum chamber 1 - signals from the second output to the subtracting input of the displacement counter 26. In the initial position from the third output, the sensor 7 pulses generates a signal that resets the displacement counter 26 to zero, eliminating the possibility of filling errors from accidental interference,

From the bit outputs of the displacement counter 26, the signals arrive at the first bit inputs of the adder 27, from the bit outputs of which signals go through the 0 input of the register to the first information input of the position regulator 29 and to the first bit inputs of the digital discriminator 30. At one of the outputs "Less" or "More" of the latter is formed by the command "Lowering" or "Raising", which goes respectively to the first inputs of the first or second elements I 31 and 32. The stroke of the vacuum chamber 1 in the lower position is limited by the terminator of the switch 33 to The lowest position, and in the upper position - the end of the switch 34 of the extreme upper position. ”At the same time, the second inputs of the first and second elements I 31 and 32 receive a logical signal“ 0 ”, which bans the movement of the vacuum chamber below or above the extreme positions . The first and second elements And 31 and 32 have mutual interlocks, respectively, through the first or second elements NOT 35 and 36.

Therefore, the output of only one of the elements And 31 and 32 may receive a logical signal "1".

At the output of the first element And 31 there is a logical signal "1" in the event that the vacuum chamber moves down, it is not in the final lower position and there is no command to raise the vacuum chamber. At the output of the second element, And 32 there is a signal of a logical "1" in the event that the vacuum chamber moves upwards, it is not in the final upper

position and there is no command to lower the vacuum chamber.

The signal from the output of the first element AND 31 is fed to the first input of the first element OR 37, and the output of the second element AND 32 to the first input of the second element OR 38. The signal from the output of the first element OR 37 through the first amplifier 39 switches the electro-hydraulic spool 9 to lowering the vacuum camera by turning on the first electromagnet 1.0, and the signal from the output of the second element OR 38 through the second amplifier 40 to raise the vacuum chamber by turning on the second electromagnet 11 and providing the first electromagnet 10.

Each time, before starting the process of vacuuming, the gauge 41 of the metal level in the ladle measures the level of metal H relative to the side of the ladle. This value b is fed to the second bit inputs of the adder 27. The signal from the bus 42 records in the adder 27, this value H is summed with the value of H, received from the displacement counter 26, and is overwritten in the register 28. ί The system has two modes of operation: 'Automatic' and "Advice to the master".

In the "Auto, automat" mode, the control output of the program setting unit 43 generates a logical "1" signal, which is fed to the control input of the switch 44. By this signal, the fifth information input of the switch 44 is entered via bus 45 from the process control system nozzle to metal, as well as the nozzle exposure time at these levels.

In the "Advice to the master" mode, the control output of the program setting unit 43 contains a logical "O" signal. Previously in block 43 of the program settings according to the calculated data from the PCS is installed program. the tasks of the lower and upper levels of the nozzle's immersions in the metal, as well as the time of the nozzle exposures at these levels. This program of tasks from the first, second, third and fourth outputs of the program setting block 43 is fed to the corresponding inputs of the switch 44, from the first information output of which the second bit inputs of the digital discriminator 30 are fed to the lower bits

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the level of immersion of the pipe in the metal. Since this value is much less than the current position of the end face of the nozzle 2, received at the first information input of the digital discriminator 30, then at its output "Less" there is a logical "1" signal. By this signal, in the position regulator 29, the first element And 31 is formed to lower vacuum chambers 1 with a suction nozzle 2 in a steel-teeming ladle 3 with metal. The same command prohibits the operation of the second element I 32 in the regulator 29 through the first element NOT 35. The logical signal "1" from the output of the first element 31 through the first element OR 37 and the first amplifier 39 keeps the first electromagnet 10 in the on state. Pipe 2 is immersed in the bucket 3 with metal and a portion of the metal is sucked into the vacuum chamber 1.

When the specified low level is reached by the end of the nozzle 2, the logical "0" signal appears at the "Less" and "More" outputs of the digital discriminator 30 '. In this case, the electromagnets 10. and 11 are de-energized, the electro-hydraulic valve 9 is set to the neutral position and the working fluid from the accumulator 12 does not flow through the distributor 13 into the rodless cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 8. The vacuum chamber 1 with the suction inlet 2 in the ladle with metal stops in this position. As a result of the Comparison, a signal appears at the "Equal" output of the digital discriminator 30, which includes the pause time controller 46. This signal is fed to the first inputs of the first and second elements And 47 and 48, the second inputs of which receive the clock frequency from the generator 49 pulses. The trigger 50 is in the state "1", in which it is set by a logical signal "0" from the output of the first element NOT 35 of the position controller 29. Therefore, the first element And 47 is triggered and at its output clock signals from the pulse generator 49 are received. The second element And 48 at this time is closed.

From the second and third information outputs of the switch 44, the tasks of the nozzle shutter speeds for each given level of Pogozhuya respectively arrive at the first bit inputs of the first and second comparator 51 and 52 of the pause regulator 46. The first counter 53 through the first element And 47 is triggered by signals of the clock frequency from the generator 49 pulses. At the output of the first counter 53, the time spent by the tube 2 at a given level of immersion is counted according to the formula T = Τ ·, where T is the signal repetition period, N is the number of pulses counted by the counter.

The time counted by the first counter 53 arrives at the second bit inputs of the first comparator 51 of the 46 pause regulator.

When the counted time is equal, the counter 53 according to the given exposure time, a single signal appears at the output of the first comparator 51, which connects the top diving level to the first information output of the switch 44 and through the second input of the second element OR 38 and the second amplifier 40 turns on the second electromagnet 11, the first counter in the 53 controller 46 pauses resets.

Under the action of the counterweight, the working fluid from the rodless cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 8 is displaced into the accumulator 12 through the distributor 13, and the vacuum chamber 1 with the suction inlet 2 rises up. At r: lifting the vacuum chamber, the portion of metal captured by it is poured back into the ladle and mixed with the rest of the steel and in it.

When the end of the nozzle 2 reaches the specified upper level of the dive, then at the “More” ’output of the digital discriminator 30, the logical“ 1 ”signal disappears. While the electromagnets 10 and 11 are in a de-energized state, and the electro-hydraulic spool is installed in the neutrophilic position, the circulation of the working fluid in the hydraulic actuator 4 stops and the vacuum chamber 1 with the suction nozzle 2 in the bucket 3 with metal stops in a predetermined position. As a result of the comparison, at the output "Equal" of the digital discriminator 30 a logical signal "G" appears. This signal opens the second element 48 of the pause controller 46 and starts the second counter 54, which counts the time of the nozzle in the upper level.

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The counted time from the output of the second counter 54 is supplied to the second bit inputs of the second comparator 52.

When the time counted by the second counter 54 of the pause regulator 46 is equal to the specified shutter time, a logical "1" signal appears at the output of the second comparator 52, which connects to the first information output of the switch 44, setting the lower dive level, resets the second counter 54 regulator 46 pauses and through the second input of the first element OR 37 and the first amplifier 39 of the regulator -29 position includes the first electromagnet 10. Electro-hydraulic slide 9 of the hydraulic actuator 4 forms a command to lower the vacuum chamber and vacuum cycle Bani continues. Simultaneously, a signal of logic "1" output from the second comparator 54 pauses controller 46 starts the counter 55 wobble cycles. ⁵

The swing cycle consists of two periods:. Downward movement of the vacuum chamber, stopping, holding the pause in the lower level of the nozzle; upward motion of the vacuum chamber, shutdown, pause in the upper level of the immersion of the nozzle. The counter 55 cycles of oscillations produces a count of these cycles and supplies to the first bit inputs of the unit 56 comparison.

When the number of cycles counted by the counter 55 sweeps cycles is compared with a predetermined number of cycles received from the fourth information output of the switch 44 to the second bit inputs of the comparator unit 56, a logical "0" signal appears at its output. On this signal, the first and second elements And 31 and 32 of the regulator 29 of the position are closed, the formation of the commands "Lowering" or "Raising" ⁵ is interrupted, the electromagnets 10 and 11 of the hydraulic actuator 4 are de-energized. Electro-hydraulic valve 9 is installed in the neutral 'position. Vacuum chamber 1 in with a suction inlet; 2 stops at the top level of the immersion nozzle. From this moment on, the vacuuming process is terminated. The operator manually performs (technological operations. After that, 55 the vacuum chamber 1 is lifted to the upper initial position, the suction nozzle 2 is removed from the bucket 3 with metal,

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The use of the invention allows to reduce the time of swing cycles by regulating the time of pauses. Cro ¹ IU, the system allows the measurement of level of metal in the ladle and gives the possibility to correct a job program mode "master Council", thereby improving the quality of process control, vacuum and expanding functionality of the system.

The economic efficiency of the system is associated with increased productivity and quality of vacuum processing and increases with automatic control.

Claims (1)

Claim The software process control system for a batch processing of steel containing a vacuum chamber with a suction nozzle, a steel-teeming ladle with a hydraulic drive consisting of a rocker arm with a vacuum chamber fixed on it, the axis of which is kinematically connected to a pulse sensor through a reducer and hydraulically interconnected hydraulic cylinders, electrohydraulic spool with first and second electromagnets, battery, distributor, first filter, hydraulic motor, heat exchangers, pump, second filter, an electric motor with a control unit, contains a converter, a current control loop, a speed control loop, an intensity setter, a start bus, the first, second and third outputs of the pulse sensor are connected to the addition, subtraction and K-inputs of the displacement counter, respectively, the discharge outputs of which are connected to the first bit inputs of the adder, the bit outputs of which through the E-input of the register are connected to the first information input of the position controller, consisting of a digital discriminator, and a second AND gates, first and second elements does not, the first and second OR elements, the first and second amplifiers, the first input INFORT mation position controller connected to the first bit input digital discriminator outputs "Down" and "More" which soedi13 1488317 14 yen respectively with the first inputs of the first and second elements AND, I second inputs of which are respectively connected to the extreme lower limit switch and to the extreme upper limit switch, and the outputs respectively to the inputs of the first and second elements NOT and the first inputs of the first and second elements OR, the outputs of which are connected respectively to the inputs of the first and second amplifiers, the outputs of which are the first and second outputs of the position controller and are connected respectively to the first and second inputs of the hydraulic drive and to the inputs of the first and second electromagnets ektrogidravlicheskogo spool, the outputs of the first and second elements is a third and fourth outputs of the position controller and connected respectively to second and third inputs. the first elements And, characterized in that, in order to improve the performance of the quality of vacuum processing, a metal level gauge in the bucket, a recording bus., a program setting block, a switch, an information bus from the process control system, a pause time regulator consisting of the first and the second elements And, a pulse generator, a trigger, the first and second counters, the first and second comparators, and the output of the metal level gauge in the ladle is connected to the second discharge inputs of the adder, the control input of which is n with the δ-input of the register and the write bus, and the control output of the program setting block is connected to the control input of the switch, the first, second, third and fourth information inputs of which are connected respectively to the first, second, third and fourth outputs of the program setting block, and information bus from the control system connected to the fifth information input of the switch, the first information output of which is connected to the second. digital inputs of the digital discriminator, the output "Equal" which is connected to the first input of the pause time regulator and to the first inputs of its first and second elements AND, the second inputs of which are combined and connected to the outputs of the pulse generator, and the third inputs respectively to the forward and inverse outputs of the trigger , 8- and K-inputs of which are the second and third inputs of the pause time controller and connected respectively to the third and fourth inputs of the position controller, which are connected respectively to the outputs of its first and second NOT elements, the second and third information outputs of the switch are connected respectively to the first bit inputs of the first and second comparators of the pause time regulator, the second bit inputs of which are connected respectively to the outputs of the first and second counters, the even inputs of which are connected respectively to the outputs of the first and second elements AND and the output of the first comparator is connected to the second control input of the switch, with the I input _{n of the} first counter and the second input of the second OR element of the position controller, the output the second the comparator is combined with the K-input of the second counter and the second input of the first element OR of the position controller, and is also connected to the third control input of the switch and the counting input of the swing cycle counter, the output of which is connected to the first bit inputs of the comparator, the second bit inputs of which are connected with the fourth information output of the switch, and the output with the fourth input of the first and second elements And the position controller. 1488317 I 4! 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