SU1475507A1 - Method of cultivating corn - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to agriculture and can be used in light and medium soils in corn-growing regions. The purpose of the invention is to protect the environment from contamination with herbicides. To suppress weeds in the most effective way, the moment of occurrence of weed seedlings was chosen, which occurs for a period of 4-5 days after presowing cultivation and sowing. In order to carry out pre-emergence cultivation without damaging the sprouted corn seeds, sowing is carried out to a depth of 8-9 cm, and cultivation is carried out to a depth of 3-4 cm. To enhance the effect of cultivation, it is carried out simultaneously with the harrowing with light harrows. For the same purpose, harrowing is carried out 3–2 days before the appearance of seedlings. 5 tab.

Description

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The invention relates to agriculture and can be applied on light and medium soils in corn-growing regions.

The purpose of the invention is to protect the environment from contamination with herbicides.

Example 1. Immediately after harvesting of the winter cereal crops, the cultivation of the soil by 6-8 cm or the processing by flat cuts by 10-12 cm is carried out. Fertilizer is applied and deep plowing is carried out. As the weeds emerge, they are cultivated at 6-8 cm. In order to improve the water resistance of the soil, in the autumn, deep loosening or a soilless peeling of 18-16 cm is carried out.

Fertilization, pre-sowing soil treatment is carried out in accordance with the requirements of agricultural engineering.

For sowing, seeds of zoned simple hybrids are used, which yield double to 5-10 centners per hectare.

Sowing begins when the soil at a depth of 10 cm has a temperature of 10-12 ° C.

The sowing method is dotted, the width between the rows is 70 cm. The seeding rate of seeds is 65-70 thousand pcs. germinating seeds per 1 ha. The pre-sowing cultivation is carried out at a depth of 8-9 cm. The seeding depth is 8-9 cm.

Each field must be sown in 1–2 days, which creates conditions for the qualitative performance of subsequent work.

Four days after sowing, pre-emergence cultivation with harrowing was carried out. Earlier cultivation is impractical because it is during this period that weed shoots appear. Pre-emergence cultivation is carried out across the rows to a depth of 3-4 cm at the maximum speed of the unit. Oso4 1 recounted

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In this technique, attention is paid to the uniform depth of the lamellae.

2-3 days before the occurrence of seedlings of maize, when its seedlings in the soil are 3–4 cm long, pre-emergence harrowing with medium harrows is carried out diagonally for sowing. This technique contributes to the destruction of weeds in the phase of filamentous seedlings. In the phase of 3-4 leaves of corn, they are harrowing by light harrows.

The harrowing is done 35–45 ° diagonally to the direction of the row,

Example 5. The main elements of the technology are the same as in Example 1, but the effect of the depth of presowing cultivation on corn yield is additionally studied.

Corn yield does not depend on the depth of presowing cultivation (Table 5).

In tab. 5 given the yield of corn grain, depending on the depth of pre-sowing cultivation.

Example 6. The basic elements of the technology are the same as in example 1, but it was studied that when planting maize seeds by 5-6 cm, seedlings were largely thinned by birds, and when sealed, the minimum speed of the unit.

The first inter-row cultivation of the processes to a depth of over 10 cm was reduced.

water to a depth of 8--10 cm in 4-5 days, the field germination of seeds of this culture,

after the harrowing, the second is the optimal1 depth of embedding

on Yu-12 cm, depending on the state of the whole-n 8-9 cm.

neither soil nor soil contamination. Example 7. The main elements of technology During the growing season, the measures taken are the same as in example 1, but with

protection of maize against pests and diseases; it has been studied that, when carrying out additional cultivation with harrowing, the harvesting is carried out using traditional methods, 2-3 cm, the unit does not work well, it is not completely cropped. -new, with the cultivation of 6-7 cm had

for corn, depending on the method 2c, the site of partial damage to the seeds of the cuckoo-growing cargo.

Example 2. The main elements of the technology are the same as in example 1, but the effectiveness of pre-emergence cultivation with harrowing was compared with pre-emergence harrowing.

The use of pre-emergence cultivation with harrowing at 4-5 days after seeding to a depth of 3-4 cm was found to be optimal.

The proposed technical solution provides protection of the environment from pollution, as it completely eliminates the use of herbicides. At the same time, the cost of cultivating maize is reduced by eliminating herbicides.

The proposed technical solution provides protection of the environment from pollution, as it completely eliminates the use of herbicides. At the same time, the cost of cultivating maize is reduced by eliminating herbicides.

In practice, there are frequent cases of contamination.

The weediness and yield of corn depending on the methods of pre-emergence treatments are given in Table. 2

A comparative study of the pre-emergence treatment techniques revealed the advantage of pre-35 soil herbicides of the triazine group, as a result of cultivation with harrowing varied for corn. Replacing these germicides (Table 2) .Bicides that remain in the soil for 2-3 years,

Example 3. The main elements of the technology for pre-emergence cultivation are the same as in Example 1, but effective, since for the cultivation this was a non-herbicidal one and a herb herb was chosen when the most abundant corn cultivation technology was selected. 40 shoots of weeds.

The yield of corn grain, depending on the methods of cultivation is presented in Table. 3

A comparative study of herbicidal and non-herbicidal technologies did not reveal significant differences (Table 3).

Example 4. The main elements of the technology as in Example 1, but at the same time the effect of seed embedment on corn yield was studied.

In tab. 4 shows the yield of corn grain, depending on the seeding depth of seed n.

Corn yield does not decrease when seeds are sown to a depth of 7 and 9 cm (Table 4).

Example 5. The main elements of the technology are the same as in Example 1, but the effect of the depth of presowing cultivation on corn yield is additionally studied.

Corn yield does not depend on the depth of presowing cultivation (Table 5).

In tab. 5 given the yield of corn grain, depending on the depth of pre-sowing cultivation.

Example 6. The main elements of the technology are the same as in example 1, but it was studied that when planting maize seeds by 5-6 cm, seedlings were largely thinned by birds, and when seeding seeds to a depth of over 10 cm, it decreased

Ruza.

The use of pre-emergence cultivation with harrowing at 4-5 days after seeding to a depth of 3-4 cm was found to be optimal.

The proposed technical solution provides environmental protection from pollution, as it completely eliminates the use of herbicides. At the same time, the cost of cultivating maize is reduced by eliminating herbicides.

In practice, there are frequent cases of contamination.

soil by herbicides of the triazine group used for maize. The replacement of these herbicides, which are retained in the soil for 2-3 years,

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Claims (1)

Invention Formula The method of cultivating maize, including pre-sowing cultivation, sowing of seeds, pre-emergence harrowing and subsequent maintenance of sowing, characterized in that, in order to protect the environment from contamination with herbicides, pre-sowing cultivation is carried out on a seed depth of 8-9 cm, on 4-5 days pre-emergence cultivation is carried out with harrowing to a depth of 3-4 cm, and 2-3 days prior to the appearance of seedlings, re-harrowing is carried out. Option Yield Green mass grains, ssornok, g / m Pre-emergence harrowing + emergence harrowing + two inter-row cultivations (control) 45.4448.8 Pre-harvest cultivation with harrowing + high-speed harrowing + two inter-row cultivations51,1368.3 table 2 Option Green Ma- Productivity sa sornok, grains, c g / m Pre-emergence harrowing 4-5 days after sowing (control) 426,246,7 Dovshokhodov cultivation with harrowing 4-5 days after sowing 279,950,2 Table 3 Option Yield Zelena mazzerna, CSA weeds, g / m Two inter-cultivations + atrazine 6 kg.d. on 1 hectare (control) 49,7392,8 pre-emergence harrowing Dovshod cultivation with harrowing + high-speed harrowing + two inter-cultivations 49,3302.9 Table 4 Option Grain Yield, C Seeding up to a depth of 7 cm (control) 57.8 Seeding up to a depth of 9 cm57.9 Table 1 Predictive cultivation depth 6-7 cm (control) 45.5 Preplant cultivation on glybin 8-9 cm46,1 Table 5 90.7 67.6