SU1337132A1 - Reactor - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to reactor designs and can be used in the chemical and related industries, in particular for the catalytic purification of gaseous emissions from the production of nitric acid. In order to intensify the process due to more complete mixing of the main and additional reactant streams, the reactor includes a housing with catalyst layers located inside it on the support grates, a primary reactant flow input and output section, a directed ring, two headers, pipes with openings from the top of the catalyst bed with a turn to each other, plate. 4 hp f-ly, 3 ill. (L oo with SAZ GS

Description

The invention relates to reactor designs and can be used in the chemical and related industries, in particular, for the catalytic purification of gas emissions from the production of nitric acid.

The purpose of the invention is to intensify the process due to more complete mixing of the main and additional reagent streams.

FIG. 1 schematically shows a reactor, a longitudinal section; in fig. 2 shows section A-A in FIG. one; in fig. 3 shows a section BB in FIG. 2

The reactor includes a housing 1 with catalyst layers 4 and 5 located inside it on the supporting gratings 2 and 3, catalyst units 6 and 7 for introducing the main stream of reagents and output for the final products, guide ring 8, two collectors 9 and 10, pipes 11 and 12 s. openings 13 and 14 located on the side of the upper catalyst bed with rotation to each other, and plates 15 and 16. For the convenience of maintaining the reactor during the loading and unloading of the catalyst, repair, etc. A part of the cross-sectional area of the distributor of the additional reactant flow can be used for organizing an interlayer hatch (not shown).

The reactor operates as follows.

The main stream of reactants supplied to the reactor through the input unit 6 passes through the catalyst bed 4 located on the support grid, undergoing chemical and / or physical transformations, and, maintaining its downward movement, is in the interlayer space. In the same space, two equal oppositely directed flows through the opposite sides of the housing 1 and under the guide ring 8 collectors 9 n 10 and attached to them with alternation in the plane of the cross section of the pipe 11 and 12 with holes 13 and 14, an additional stream of reagents is introduced . The presence of plates 15 and 16 causes a repeated change in the direction of movement of the flows in collisions with a solid obstacle between them, which increases the degree of their turbulence and ensures the most complete mixing of the main and additional flows of reagents.

Thus, not only is the reagent overshoot eliminated, but the most homogeneous mixture is obtained, which is fed to the catalyst bed 5 located on the support grid 3, passes through it, undergoes appropriate chemical and / or physical transformations, and leaves the reactor through end node 7 products.

An additional flow of reactants is supplied to the manifolds 9 and 10 via pipelines (not shown), usually via node 6 or 7.

The proposed reactor provides a more complete displacement of the main and additional flows of reagents, which significantly contributes to the most complete and deep chemical and (or) physical transformations of reagents, i.e. intensifies the process.

The use of the reactor in the production of nitric acid makes gas emissions environmentally friendly.

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Claims (5)

1. A reactor comprising a housing with catalyst beds located inside it on the support gratings, branch pipes for introducing the main flow of reactants and outputting final products and distributing an additional flow of reactants between the catalyst beds consisting of horizontally located on opposite sides of the housing Q collectors, made in the form of half-corners with perforated pipes alternated in the cross-sectional plane of the casing, characterized in that, in order to intensify the process due to more complete mixing of the main and additional reagents, the perforated pipes are pairwise connected by means of plates placed relative to the upper and / or lower layers of the catalyst. 2. Reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that the plates located on the side of the lower catalyst bed are mounted for movement. 3. Reactor on PP. 1 and 2, characterized in that the plates are flat, 5 4. Reactor on PP. 1-3, characterized in that the distributor of the additional reactant stream is located at a height of 0.3-0.7 in height between the catalyst beds. 5. Reactor on PP. 1-4, different  the fact that it is equipped with a reflective ring located above the distributor additional flow of reagents. 0 y @ f | ® © ® FIG. 2 /five 18 SrigZ