SU1326746A1 - Internal combustion engine with oscillating pistons - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to engine building and reduces the metal intensity of the engine mechanism by simplifying the mechanism for converting movement and reducing the mechanical losses in it. The swinging pistons 3 of the engine are rigidly connected to the hollow shaft of the drive of the mating machine cavities 5. Inside this shaft, in its straight slots, there is an intermediate sleeve And, which is pressed on both sides by springs 12 and 13. On the inner surface of the sleeve 11 there are screw slots for periodic interaction with the screw slots of the output shaft 14 and the screw slots of the intermediate hollow shaft 15. The latter is mounted coaxially with the shaft 14 so that they can rotate relative to each other and are rigidly connected with the driving gear 16 of the gearbox 17 with The number is equal to. minus one. The oscillatory movements of the drive shaft of the mating pistons 5 are coupled to the intermediate sleeve 11. When it moves to one side or the other, the screw slits of the latter are alternately screwed into the screw hooks of the shaft 14 and the shaft 15 and, moving in the axial direction, compress the spring 13 then 12. As a result, with the aid of the sleeves, the shafts and the shafts 14 and 15 are rotated alternately at a certain angle in opposite directions. 4 il. In h (18 7 with ISD 05 4 O5 19 figure 1

Description

The invention relates to mechanical engineering, in particular to engine-building, namely to internal combustion engines with oscillating pistons.

The purpose of the invention is to reduce the metal capacity of the engine mechanism by simplifying the mechanism for converting movement and reducing mechanical losses in it.

FIG. 1 shows the proposed engine, a longitudinal section; in fig. 2 shows section A-A in FIG. one; in fig. 3 shows a section BB in FIG. one; in fig. 4 shows a section B-B in FIG. one.

The engine with oscillating working bodies comprises a crankcase with two separate cavities: the combustion chamber 1 and the injection chamber 2. Inside the combustion chamber 1, made in the form of two rigidly interconnected parts with an internal toroidal boring, two groups of oscillating pistons 3 are installed, the latter are made in the form of torus segments, on the peripheral surfaces of which sealing and oil scraper rings are installed; The combustion chamber 1 and the injection chamber 2 communicate with each other via an intermediate annular chamber 4. The pistons 3 are rigidly connected to the hollow drive shaft of the secondary pistons 5. On the other hand, this shaft is rigidly connected to the injection pistons 6. On the radial surface of the combustion chamber 1 exhaust 7 and inlet 8 ports are provided, and on the end surfaces of the pressure chamber 2 there are suction 9 and discharge 10 valves. An intermediate sleeve 11 is mounted inside the drive shaft of the outboard pistons 5 in its straight splines, which is pressed on both sides by springs 12 and i3. On the inner surface of the intermediate sleeve 11 there are screw slots for periodic interaction with the screw slots of the output shaft 14 and the screw slots of the intermediate hollow shaft 15. The intermediate hollow shaft 15 is installed coaxially with the output shaft 14 with the possibility of their rotation relative to each other and rigidly connected with the drive gear 16 gear 17 with a gear ratio equal to minus one. As an example, an engine uses a bevel gearbox 17, the leading gear 16 of which, via gear unit 18, interacts with the driven gear 19, and the latter is rigidly connected to the output shaft 14, which is installed with the possibility of axial movement and is pressed by the elastic element 20.

The proposed device works as follows.

When starting the engine, the swinging pistons together with the drive shaft of the outboard pistons 5 impart rotational oscillatory movements (the starting system is not shown).

When the swinging pistons 3 move from one dead position to another, the fuel mixture (air) enclosed in the volume between two symmetrically located swinging pistons 3, partitions and the inner surface of the toroidal combustion chamber 1 is compressed. When the rocking pistons 3 approach the second extreme position, the mixture ignites or injects fuel. Under the action of burnt gases, the oscillating piston 3, together with the propulsion piston shaft 5, begins to move in the opposite direction, making a working stroke. At the end of the working stroke

The 5 pistons 3 open the exhaust ports 7, through which the exhaust gases are released, and then the inlets 8 open, through which the fresh gas or air is admitted. Having reached the first extreme position, the swing pistons 3, together with the swing piston 5 drive shaft, start moving in the opposite direction, repeating the whole process from the beginning. At this time, in the volume enclosed between two other symmetrically located swinging pistons 3 and the inner surface of the combustion chamber 1, i.e. on the opposite side of the oscillating pistons 3, a similar process occurs, but shifted

0 in phase in such a way that when a compression process occurs in the first volume, then in the second one there is a working stroke and vice versa.

Since the injection pistons 6 are rigidly connected to the drive shaft of the mating arms 5, they at this time

5 rotational oscillations in the pressure chamber 2, producing a suction of the working mixture (air) through suction valves 9 and forcing the working mixture (air) through the pressure 10 valves to the intermediate annular chamber 4. From the last chamber, the mixture (air) passes through the inlet ports 8 the combustion chamber 1 at the time of opening the inlet ports, carried out the process of purging them.

Oscillatory motion of the drive shaft

The 5 piston pistons 5 are connected to the intermediate sleeve 11. When it moves in one direction, for example clockwise, at the initial moment the screw splines of the intermediate sleeve 11 are screwed into the screw splines of the output shaft 14, and about the intermediate sleeve 11 moves in the axial direction, compressing the spring 13. Subsequently, the spring 13 seizes the axial movement of the intermediate sleeve 11 and it will rotate together with the output shaft 5 to a certain angle. In the reverse movement, the intermediate sleeve 11 disengages from the screw splines of the output shaft 14, moving axially in the opposite direction.

and then engages with the screw splines of the intermediate hollow shaft 15 and compresses the spring 12. Further, the spring 12 prevents axial movement of the intermediate sleeve 11. The latter turns the intermediate hollow shaft 15 in the opposite direction to the direction of rotation of the output shaft 14, and the gearbox 17 with a gear ratio minus one reverses this rotation, output shaft 14 rotates in the same direction.

Then the whole process is repeated first. Due to the fact that this process is continuous, the output shaft 14 is incessantly rotating in one direction.

The elastic element 20 serves to engage the screw splines of the intermediate sleeve 11 with the screw splines of the output shaft 14 and the intermediate hollow shaft 15. To this end, the output shaft 14 is mounted with the possibility of slight axial movement.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula Internal combustion engine with oscillating pistons, containing a carter cavity, made in the form of raz5 individual injection and combustion chambers, rotates-pistons rotated in them, rigidly connected to the drive shaft installed centrally in the chambers, and an output shaft connected to the drive shaft by means of a conversion mechanism made in the form of a device for periodically connecting the drive shaft to an output shaft and a toothed conical gear with a gear ratio equal to minus one, characterized in that, in order to reduce metal consumption by simplifying the conversion mechanism and reducing mechanical losses, the output lu and coaxially disposed intermediate hollow shaft rigidly coupled to one of the gears and bevel gear disposed between the drive shaft and the output shaft, wherein the drive shaft is poly.m and is provided with straight splines on the inner Q of the surface, and the periodic connection device is made in the form of a sleeve located inside the drive shaft, spring-loaded from two sides and provided with screw slots on the inner surface, and screw slots on the outer surface of the drive shaft and intermediate shaft on the outer surface of the drive shaft and intermediate shaft. slots for engagement with shaft splines. five one 7J FIG. 2 YU YU W Compiled by G. Tuktakiev Editor M. DylynTehred I. VeresKorrektor I. Erdeyi Order 3258/27 Circulation 503Subscription VNIIPI USSR State Committee for Inventions and Discoveries 113035, Moscow, Zh-35, Raushsk nab. 4/5 Production and printing company, Uzhgorod, ul. Project, 4