SU1315649A1 - Heat martensite engine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to mechanical engineering. The invention makes it possible to increase the efficiency by removing the heating and cooling means from each other and reducing their heated and cooled surfaces when using liquid coolants and heat carriers and stabilize the ISitt 15, lit 2Z P 1d "SL coil 05 4 developed on the shaft (X. f .9 f.5 fi FIG. 1

Description

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time at forward and reverse moves of the work item (OM). The operating unit 4 is made in the form of an elastic element 3 and a radial guide 6 attached to the shaft 3 with a movably mounted pusher (T) 7 with a roller 8 and connected to T 7 and an OM 5 element 5 of a shape memory material. The latter, being in the coolant 10 of the reservoir 11, presses on the cam (K) 2 through T 7. As a result, T 7 rolls around K 2 and, taking the guide 6 and shaft 3 behind itself, transfers the ER 9 to the coolant 12 of the reservoir 13. At the same time, the flywheel 20 is set in motion and stores energy before transferring the reer to the reservoir 11. This is achieved due to the reversible quality

The invention relates to mechanical engineering, in particular, to devices for converting thermal energy into mechanical energy due to thermal deformations of the working element of a material with a shape memory effect.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency by removing the heating and cooling means from each other and reducing their heated and cooled surfaces when using liquid coolants and coolants, as well as stabilizing the torque developed on the shaft during forward and reverse strokes of the working element.

FIG. 1 shows the structural scheme of the proposed engine with one working element; in fig. 2 the same, with two working elements connected in counter phase.

The engine (Fig. 1) comprises a frame 1 with a fixed cam 2. In the case 1, a horizontal shaft 3 is rotatably mounted with at least one working well 4 in the form of an elastic element 5 and a radial guide 6 attached to the shaft 3 with a movable mounted in the last pusher 7, having a roller 8 at the end for interacting with the cam 2, and connected with the elastic element

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the formation of an oscillatory movement into rotational through the wings 15 and the crank 18. The ends of element 5 are connected to the ER 9. with the possibility of free changing the form of the ER at the beginning of the reverse and at the end of the direct martensitic transformations. The engine can be equipped with at least one fixed K and, accordingly, another pair of tanks. The working units are located in the same radial plane, and the tanks are installed on the RE motion path so that on each side of the vertical plane passing through the axis of the shaft are a row of tanks filled with heat and coolants. 3 hp f-ly, 2 ill.

5 and the pusher 7 of the working element 9 of a material with a shape memory effect made of titanium nickelide. The engine also has a means of heating the working element 9 in the form of a reservoir 11 filled with a liquid coolant 10 and means of cooling the element 9 as a reservoir 13 filled with a liquid refrigerant 12. The tanks 11 and 13 are installed on the path of movement of the working element 9 on opposite sides of the the axis of the shaft 3 vertical plane. The engine is equipped with a crank-cam link mechanism 14 for converting an oscillating movement of a shaft into a rotary one. The mechanism 14 comprises a link 15 connected to the shaft 3 via a gear 16 and sector 17, and a crank 18 connected to it, on the axis 19 of which a flywheel 20 is mounted. The ends of the elastic element 5 are connected to the working element 9 with the possibility of free changing the shape of the latter the beginning of the reverse and at the end of the direct martensitic transformations. In particular, elements 5 and 9 are made in the form of concentric helical springs and are installed with a gap between their ends in the cooled state of the operating element 9.

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The engine (FIG. 2) is additionally equipped with at least one more fixed cam 2 and, respectively, another pair of tanks 11 and 13 with liquid heat and refrigerants 10 and 12, respectively, and the working units 4 are located in the same radial plane . The tanks 11 and 13 are installed on the path of movement of the working elements 9 in such a way that on each side of the vertical plane passing through the axis of the shaft 3 a row of tanks 11 and 13 are placed, filled with heat and coolants Yu and 12, respectively,

During engine operation, the working element 9, being in the heat-transfer fluid 10, as a result of the memory effect, regains its shape and, compressing, presses the cam 2 through the cam 7 to the cam 2, as a result of which the roller 8 rolls around the profile surface of the cam 2 and, following the guide 6 and the shaft 3, carries away the working element 9 into the liquid coolant 12, and the flywheel 20 moves into motion and stores the power for transferring the pusher 7 with the working element 9 back into the heat-transfer fluid 10. E This is achieved due to the reversible transformation of the oscillatory motion into rotational through the scenes 15 and the crank 18. Some time after the beginning of the reverse martensitic transformation of the material of the working element 9 and the restoration of its shape, the end of the elastic element 5 begins to interact with the end of the working element 9, preventing the compression . In the process of further IBD compression of the working element 9, the elastic element 5 is compressed and its elastic deformation energy is stored. After cooling in the liquid coolant 12 of the working element 9, the direct martensitic transformation of its material occurs, as a result of which the modulus of its elasticity sharply drops, and the element 9 becomes relatively easily deformable. Under the action of the elastic forces of element 5, the cooling of element 9 is stretched until the length of element 5 acquires the initial value, In this mode

ment elements 5 and 9 cease to interact with each other. Thus, the stroke of the elastic element 5 is less than the stroke of the working element 9.

Further lengthening of the cooled working element 9 occurs due to the effect of additional oriented transformation, which consists in the fact that

direct martensitic transformation, which began under load, continues to develop in the same direction, after relieving the load until the end of the transformation. Engine performance pictured

in fig. 2 and 1 is similar. The difference is that the operating elements 9 of the engine shown in FIG. 2, work in antiphase, with the result that each oscillation of the shaft 3 is working. This stabilizes the moment developed on the shaft 3 and increases the load capacity of the engine.

Using separate tanks 11 and 13 allows reuse

use both heat and coolant carriers 10 and 12, ensuring that the temperature difference between them is minimal enough for the material of the working element 9 to work. This ensures efficient and economical use of thermal energy.

Elimination of the interaction of the working and elastic elements 9 and 5 at the beginning of the reverse and at the end of the direct martensite transformation of the material of the working element 9 allows a smaller amount and energy loss, which is stored in the elastic element 5. Both of these factors provide an increase in Engine efficiency

Formula of invention

Claims (4)

1. Thermal martensitic engine, comprising a housing with a fixed cam, a horizontal shaft, Installed in a housing with the possibility of at least one working unit in the form of an elastic element attached to the shaft and a radial guide with a movable mounted in the last pusher with a roller at the end for interacting with the cuff and associated with the elastic element and the pusher of the working element of the material with the effect memory of the form, as well as means for heating the working element and means for cooling the latter in the form of a tank filled with liquid coolant, characterized in that, in order to increase efficiency by removing from each other the means of heating and cooling and reducing their heated and cooled surfaces when using liquid cool- and coolants, it is equipped with a mechanism for converting the oscillatory motion of the shaft into a rotational one, and the heating means is made in the form of a tank filled with a liquid heat carrier, and the tanks are anovleny on the trajectory of movement of the operating member on opposite sides of the shaft passing through the axis of the vertical plane. 2. The engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the ends of the elastic element are connected to the working element with the possibility of freely changing the shape of the latter at the beginning the reverse and at the end of the direct martensitic transformations. 3. The engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the mechanism c is made in the form of a crank-rocker mechanism with a flywheel mounted on the crank axis. 4. The engine of PP. 1-3, characterized in that, with fO in order to stabilize the torque developed on the shaft during forward and reverse movements of the working element, it is additionally equipped with at least one more fixed cam and, respectively, another pair of tanks with liquid heat and coolant, the working units are located in the same radio plane The tanks are installed on the movement trajectory of the working elements in such a way that on each side of the vertical plane passing through the shaft axis a row of tanks filled with heat and coolants are placed. Editor E. Papp Compiled by L.Tugarev Tehred M.Hodanich Order 2332/35 Circulation 426. Subscription INSIGHTS of the USSR State Committee for inventions and discoveries 113035, Moscow, Zh-35, Pa lionka nab., 4/5 Production and printing company, Uzhgorod, st. Project, 4 Proofreader M.Sharoshi