SU1387128A1 - Stepping motor - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to electrical engineering and can be used in a stepper motor drive. The goal is to improve the traction characteristics by reducing pulsations. The stepping motor comprises a stator 1, having excitation windings 4, ferromagnetic poles 2, 3 and a bark 5, consisting of permanent magnets 7 of the same length in the direction of movement, facing each other with the same poles. The anchor 5 is provided with ferromagnetic poles 6, separating the permanent magnets 7, the length of which is equal to the width of the pole tip 8 of the stator 1, which has cutouts 10 on its end surface in order to provide it with a zigzag shape in the direction of movement of the core. 13 il. i (L

Description

00

oo

tc

00

This invention relates to electrical engineering and can be used in stepper motors.

The aim of the invention is to reduce pulsations of pulling forces or moments.

FIG. 1 shows a two-phase linear stepping motor, longitudinal section; in fig. 2 - two-phase transverse stepping motor, cross section; in fig. 3 - a fragment of the active zone of the stepper motor; in fig. 4 - magnetic pole of the linear motor stator, longitudinal section; in fig. 5 is a view A of FIG. four; in fig. 6 is a view B in FIG. four; in fig. 7 - magnetic pole of the stator of the rotary engine, cross section; in fig. 8 is a view of B in FIG. 7; in fig. 9 - scanning into the plane of the surface of the stator pole of the rotor motor along its bore; in fig. 10-13 is a longitudinal symmetrical section of the engine and the principle of operation of a two-phase electric motor using the example of its four cycles of displacement.

The stepping motor comprises a stator 1, consisting of medium 2 and extreme 3 magnetic poles, between which a control winding consisting of a roll of cheeks 4 is placed, and a bark 5 consisting of magnetic solyus 6, between which permanent magnets 7 located poles of the same name to each other. The stator poles have pole pieces 8, on the inner edges 9 of which are made at an angle and to the axis of the pole, notches 10 with the same pitch t along the length I ,, of the working surface of the pole tip, while the notches on the opposite edges of the pole tip have an offset of t / 2 . Magnetic poles and permanent magnets of the core are mounted on a non-magnetic pipe 11, and a non-magnetic insert 12 is placed between the stators.

The notches 10 formed on the pole end 8 form its zigzag shape, the working surface of which is shown in FIG. 6 and 9, respectively, for a linear and rotational motor, and the width of the zigzag-shaped working surface is equal to be, which is greater than when the bevel is made at an angle (.

For all motors, the following relationships are performed: the pole division of the stator "i (Fig. 3) is equal to the pole division of the core, which is equal to the In + V axial size of the permanent magnet 7 core 5, lq is the axial size of the magnetic pole 6 core 5; the width of the pole tip of the middle pole 2 of the stator 1 is b. „„ 1 "; the unit step of displacing the gap of the extreme pole 3 of the stator 1 is equal to b, less than b and greater than or equal to b / 2, where b is the width of the middle pole 2 of stat

five

0

five

0

five

0

five

0

five

pa 1; the distance between the inter-area zone and tc ,; the width of the nonmagnetic insert 12 of the stator 1 is equal to a a- | - b - b n-2 b - f n t, where n 0,1,2,3, ...

The polarity of the ferromagnetic poles of the stator is determined by the direction of the currents in the phases of the stator (the poles are denoted respectively by the symbols N and S with indices c - the stator). The polarity of the ferromagnetic poles of the core does not depend on the direction of the currents of the phases of the stator (the poles are denoted by the symbols N and S, respectively, with indices a - measles) remains unchanged and is determined by the magnetization of the permanent magnets located between the ferromagnetic poles of the core.

FIG. 10 shows the position of the core corresponding to the first switching cycle. Let the direction of the currents in both phases of the stator for this case coincide. We will consider this direction positive. At the time point preceding this position (Fig. 10), the measles is positioned with mixing to the left (segment X-X is to the left of the reference line A-A). For this case, the poles of the first phase will be located with a certain displacement relative to the poles of the core, each pair of stator poles and the core consisting of opposite poles, the force of attraction of which is applied to the bark in the direction from left to right.

At the same time, in the second phase, the escaping (left) edge of each pole of the core is located in the area of action of the stator pole of the same name, and the running, right (right) edge of each pole of the core is in the area of action of the stator pole opposite to it. The forces of repulsion of the escaping edges of each pole of the core and the forces of attraction of the oncoming edges of each pole of the core act in the same direction, which coincides with the action of forces on the measles from the first phase. Under the influence of these forces, measles is shifted to the right.

When the corona reaches the magnetic equilibrium position of the first phase (X-Ho segment is combined with the reference line A-A), the current direction in it is reversed, leaving the current direction of the second stator phase unchanged, since here the magnetic equilibrium has not come yet and the forces continue to act in the direction of motion. The new direction of the currents of the first phase of the stator causes the polarity of the stator of this phase to change to the opposite (Fig. 11), while repulsive forces act on the moving edge of each pole of the core, and on the incident side - attracting forces, but both of them have the same direction (in the direction of cor).

OflHOBpeMerfHO with this, in the second phase of the stator, each pair of poles of the core and stator of different polarity, the magnetic force of attraction of which also acts in the direction of motion.

As a result of the forces of both phases, the measles begin to shift to the right. When the magnetic equilibrium of the second phase is reached (Fig. 11), the measles moves by an amount of 2X, the second switching cycle ends.

When making the third switching cycle, in order to continue moving to the right, it is necessary to change the direction of the current in the magnetic equilibrium of the second phase, leaving the direction of the current of the first phase unchanged (the polarity corresponding to this case is shown in Fig. 12). The third switching cycle is terminated when the first phase is set to the magnetic equilibrium position (Fig. 12) with a pole opposite to the magnetic equilibrium polarity of this phase of the first cycle. The anchor is shifted by one more step Ho, i.e. on SXD.

Finally, in the fourth switching cycle, it is necessary to change the direction of the current of the first phase, leaving the direction of the current of the second phase unchanged. FIG. 13 shows the polarity corresponding to this case. The fourth switching cycle is completed when the measles are moved one more step Ho and the second phase is in a magnetic equilibrium position with a polarity opposite to the magnetic equilibrium polarity of this phase of the second tact (Fig. 13). Thus, in four commutations, the measles are displaced by the magnitude of the four 4Xi wires.

In order to maintain the direction of the movement of the core, as can be seen in each of the phases, it is necessary to alternately change the polarity of the supply voltage (different polarity switching).

Similar processes occur during the movement of the core to the left. To obtain a reverse, it is enough to change the polarity of the inclusions of one of the phases, not from

phase switching oddities.

Making cuts at the pole m of the stator tip and the formation of a zigzag shape of the working surface of the stator ensures smooth changes in mutual magnetic conductivity between the poles of the stator and the core when it is displaced, which improves the shape of the torque characteristic or thrust force, i.e. reduces pulsation of pulling force or moment.

Making cuts at the pole point of the stator and thus forming a zigzag shape of its surface ensures a smooth change in the mutual magnetic conductivity between the stator poles and the core when it is displaced, which improves the shape of the tractive force or moment characteristic, i.e. reduces pulsation of pulling force or moment.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula 5 A stepping motor containing a stator consisting of magnetic poles between which a control winding is placed and a measles consisting of magnetic poles between which stationary magnets are located, having poles of the same name to each other, characterized in that reduce pulsations of traction forces or moments, the magnetic poles of the stator have pole tips, on the inner edges of which are made 5 at an angle to the axis of the pole, the notches with the same pin along the length of the working surface of the pole tip, while the notches on the opposite edges of the pole tip have an offset equal to half the pole. ten w CPU g W Srig.Z 12 ten ten 9 9 & 8c 6,  / 7 / U -9 FIG. 7 city 6 the form FIG. eight t with BUT I phase FIG. 12 Compiled by V. Tsukanov Editor G. VolkovaTehred I. VeresKorrektor N. Korol Order 1226/54 Circulation 665 Subscription VNIIPI USSR State Committee for Inventions and Discoveries 113035, Moscow, Zh-35, Raushsk nab. 4/5 Production and printing company, Uzhgorod, ul. Project, 4 U 10 vj CPU d. 9 2 fose