SU1354445A1 - Method of controlling electric phosphorus oven - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to electronics. The aim of the invention is to reduce the loss of phosphorus with sludge by reducing the furnace gas volume. During the phosphorus smelting process, the actual incineration of the furnace is measured. This gas is compared with a predetermined value, the actual magnitude of the useful voltage coupling coefficient is also determined with the active power, compared with the predetermined value and the voltage of the furnace transformer is varied according to the magnitude of the mismatch. 3 il. he ate 4 | 4 cl

Description

1 13544452.

The invention relates to arbitrariness: + OZ and + LS), the inputs of the second element of yellow phosphorus electrothermal H through the logical element OR

. KIM method, in particular to the control-connected to the inputs of these blocks

10 and 15 comparison (+ AZ and

electric furnace works.-DS). The outputs of the first element And and

The purpose of the invention is to reduce the OR element by connecting to the corresponding phosphorus with sludge by decreasing the inputs of the switch 3 for the sake of stopping of the furnace gas.

Figure 1 shows the dependence of the Q of the second logic element And the connection between the dust content of the gas at the exit and the input of the block 12 of a given zapyiz furnace and the value of the coefficient C, the frequency of furnace gas,

which characterizes the ratio of the useful device operates as follows to the useful power, (curve.

va a - for furnaces processing 15 Set the operation mode of the furnace: avtivna

agglomerate, curve b - for furnaces, re-working capacity MW, desired

lumpy raw materials); stove gas inlet

Fig. 2 is a simplified block diagram of a device-electrostatic precipitator Z 451 5 g / nm.

a reagent, a proposed method, according to the formula relating dusty dust; FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the logical-2o bone and the value of the coefficient C, of the device’s op-th block. defined by CJCIA

Implementing device The proposed method contains phosphoric acid 0.86.

ropech 1. electrode 2, switch „„ „„ „

o ". Check condition O, 0.95,

3 steps of furnace voltage trans-25 ° / pg /, 0.80 - 0.95 range C value.

formator 4, the electrode current sensor 5, -.

which provides routine dusting which is used ----, j

, "Without reducing the operating power

Transformer

Vpechi. The specified value is determined.

who with the integrator, the regulator 6 -.

, -, electric parameters of melting by electric mode, unit 7 controls. By moving the electrode, given-known formulas, chiky 8 and 9, respectively, current electr, ptl ° 1 / Pc (.iJ type and voltage of the furnace transformer, d & 10 dust content at the entrance determine the current of the electrode by electrostatic precipitator 10 , blocks 11 and 12 Comparison formula, respectively, of the actual p p and a given dustiness, the calculator is 3 u 3U el; А - blocks 13 and 14, determining the

this and the actual value of the coefficient is p 77, -n ,.

- a 772 mime

C, characterizing the relationship.

useful voltage to useful power cos y c6sarctg-0.862.

which are compared in a block. ,,,, „-,

, ..;, - The linear voltage is determined by

15, and logical block 16, the first input formula

which is connected to the output of block 11.,

Comparison, the second input through the block UPa A7q R

17 of the ban - with the release of block 15 CRAV-OU I and

blocking input of block 17

From the technical data of the transformer, it is connected to the additional output-EOTSNK-54000/110, which is based on the fr electric controller, RKZ-80FSh and RKZ-62FM,

bench press The outputs of the logic unit 16 "o ,,,,,,. ,,. Г,

50, the voltage can provide the 18th stus, respectively, connected to the switch „„., / П, - т, „

 Stump tension (436.5-B). Specify

Telem 3 levels of voltage and the entrance „„ „„

.- p - the magnitude of the electrode current at the specified

block 12 comparing a given formula

stove furnace gas.

Logic block 16 (fig.Z) is performed - 7- 76.7 kA.

not based on two logical elements- Uf, costf

Comrade And and the element OR, and the inputs Therefore, the condition that the current

The first element And connected to the output electrode did not exceed 86 kA, (I

These blocks 11 and 15 of the comparison (signal 86 kA) are observed.

(| §.,

melting parameters for. The natural formulas,,, pt ° 1 / Pc (.iJ, are determined by the current of the electrode by the formula p p el kA; -

(| §.,

specified values, i.e. electrode current is 76.7 kA and voltage step number 18, and electrode depth is within 0.85-0.95 of the electrode diameter, i.e. H (0.65 - 0.95) 1.7 m

The mixture (phosphorite, quartzite, coke), having undergone preliminary processing and analysis in the preparation department of the charge, takes a sample from the dosing unit two times per shift to determine. in it and

Leni enters the furnace bunker, and then through the boot chutes (not shown) into the bath of the phosphorus furnace, where 15 samples were produced at the outlet of the electrostatic precipitator under the action of electrical energy, 10 by the sensor. If the dust is entering the kiln from the furnace transformers 4 through self-burning

In the specified range (4515 g / nn, there is no unbalance signal at the output of comparison unit 11 and there is no deviation signal at the input of logic block 16).

electrodes 2, the charge is melted, the phosphorus is heated and sublimated.

In the specified range (4515 g / nn, there is no imbalance at the output of the comparison unit 11 and there is no deviation signal at the input of the logic unit 16).

With a given electrical mode and a relatively low value of 40

The stabilization of the electrotechnological mode (electrode current, furnace bath resistance, operating power, temperature under the furnace lid, and electrode distance under) makes 25 0.86 the furnace regulator 6 regulator of the electric re-gas at the input of the electrostatic precipitator 42 g / nm, . zhima.te.e. within the specified value

The regulator consists of three circuits 45i 5 g / nm

power, current and power control When working on a permissible electric current. The first two circuits are Q in the computational setup.

35

independent, and the third - auxiliary. In the power operation mode, the current control loop fulfills the current protection functions. The perturbation is tested primarily due to the displacement of the electrode, and to ensure stable registration, the entire area of the displacement of the electrode is divided into three zones: the working and two pre-emergency - Q upper and lower. When the electrode enters the preliminary zones, an appropriate signal is given to prohibit the switching of the voltage levels of the furnace transformer. Switching the voltage steps occurs when the electrode is in extreme positions and when the temperature deviates under the furnace cover, but after the disturbance is eliminated, the preset number of the transformer voltage level is restored.

In the smelting process, the regulator 6, by a known method, maintains a given electric mode of displacement and controls the actual value of the coefficient C, i.e. the equation is realized

WITH

UE

 0.87.

45

Compare the obtained value of the coefficient Sf with Szad, and, since J is 0.01, at the output of block 14 there is no deviation signal (the sensitivity of the amplifier is set to ± and 0.03).

Thus, at the inputs of the logic unit 16, signals about the deviation of the coefficient C and the dust content of the furnace gas are absent, and therefore, an adjustment of the initially specified mode is not required.

Suppose the active power of 50 furnaces is increased from 50 to 60 MW,

moreover, the specified value of dustiness of the furnace gas, and therefore. and the value of the coefficient C is not changed, i.e. 5 r / HMS a, 86 V / W 5.

the electrode (F ,,, block 7) and in the artifact 5 Then for this mode it is determined by the exceptional cases (there is no possibility of moving the electrode or

and, srH Sz "/ - 1

, g

218.6 V.

for other reasons) switching

As soon as possible, the regulator 6 returns the voltage level given, and the current is maintained within 0.80-0.92 (1 mΩ). In this case, if the voltage increases, the current must be reduced to 75.8 m-76.0 kA, which is 0.82 (1 mΩ), if the voltage decreases, the current increases to 78-80 kA, but not more than 86 kA , to maintain a given power.

Twice a shift, pshak was sampled for determination. in it and

Pipi sample at the outlet of the electrostatic precipitator 10 sensor. If the dustiness is

15 Pypi sample at the outlet of the electrostatic precipitator 10 sensor. If the dustiness is

0

In the specified range (4515 g / nn, there is no imbalance at the output of the comparison unit 11 and there is no deviation signal at the input of the logic unit 16).

25 0,86 the intensity of the furnace gas at the inlet of the electrostatic precipitator 42 g / nm,. those. within the specified value

With a given electrical mode and a relatively low value of 40

0,86 furnace gas at the inlet of the electrostatic precipitator 42 g / nm, i.e. within the specified value

The actual value of the coefficient C, i.e. the equation is realized

WITH

UE

 0.87.

Compare the obtained value of the coefficient Sf with Szad, and, since J is 0.01, at the output of block 14 there is no deviation signal (the sensitivity of the amplifier is set to ± and 0.03).

Thus, at the inputs of the logic unit 16, signals about the deviation of the coefficient C and the kiln gas content are absent and, therefore, the adjustment of the initially specified mode is not required.

Suppose the active capacity of the furnace is increased from 50 to 60 MW,

moreover, the specified value of dustiness of the furnace gas, and therefore. and the value of the coefficient C is not changed, i.e. 5 r / HMS a, 86 V / W 5.

Then for this mode is determined by the formula

yes for this mode is determined by the mule

and, srH Sz "/ - 1

RL

, g

218.6 V.

Next, the current in the electrode is determined.

t 1e, Q i, --- g, Y

uh zi

kA,

active resistance per phase

R,

R"-

2.53 mOhm

312

and the linear voltage is determined by the formula

 Ig R2 + x2 461 V, where X.- faznov reactance equal to 1.6 mΩ, this voltage corresponds to voltage level 461.5 V.

When checking the ratio of a given electrode current to the nominal one,

I hall / IKOM 0.96,

those. it exceeds the permissible value of 0.92, corresponding to a current of 86 kA. Therefore, to maintain the MW given power, it is necessary to reduce the electrode current and increase the voltage, i.e. voltage level B is set at 15th, and since the position of the electrode remains unchanged, 53 does not change. The new electrode current is determined by the formula

Ra.

Y3 U cost /

V is determined

85.4 kA,

according to the scheme

X

cos (arctg, 845. K

The current of the electrode is checked — ohm 0.92.

BoA / When operating on the selected electrical mode, the actual value of the coefficient C, characterizing the ratio of useful voltage to useful voltage, is determined in the computing unit

In this case .

 if "kg

power

 -Uj:

p 5

 P

The input of the computing unit receives the values of U and P, which are determined in a known manner, namely: the actual electrical coefficient f j is determined by the formula

  1 51 E -GOT Q gg.

Gall r oh

 but

18.2 MW;

p.3 id P „/ 1z 224.8 Bj

Un

0.33 1 n

 0.90 V / W

five

0

five

0

five

0

five

0

five

The value enters a comparison unit, where it is compared with a predetermined value, 86, and an unbalance signal, 04, i.e. the actual value of the coefficient is greater than the specified.

If there is no f signal at the prohibiting input of the prohibition block (about failure of the electrode current from the specified value), the + & C signal is fed to the input of the first logic element I.

In this mode, the dust content measured at the input of the electrostatic precipitator is 49 g / nm, i.e. at the second input of the logic element I, there is no signal about repelling dust, and consequently, at the output of block 16.

Possible cases of deviation of parameters from a given one and the applied regulatory actions are as follows.

Let the dust content exceed the set value, i.e. g / nm, then on the first logic element there are two signals + dZ and + LAN, and at the output of the logic element there appears a signal and (Y, i.e., to decrease the useful voltage, and consequently, decrease the value of the coefficient C.

During the operation of the furnace, various situations of deviation of adjustable parameters may arise.

For example, the dust content of the furnace gas at the inlet of the electrostatic precipitator is 42 g / nm, at the output of the comparator unit there is a signal that the coefficient C deviates from the optimal value, but the electrode current changes, for example, instead of 77 it becomes 83 kA, respectively, the active phase power increases and consequently, the coefficient C is 0.8, however, the signal to the logical element OR is not received because the prohibition signal f appears on the inhibit input of the prohibition block 17, prohibiting the switching of the voltage steps. This is caused by the fact that the regulator displaces the displacement of the electrode. If at the input of the logical block OR there are two signals dZ 7, 0 and lC -0.03, i.e. + iiZ and -4С (this is possible in the unsatisfactory state of electrostatic precipitators), the output of logic block 16, since the inhibiting input of block 17 does not contain a prohibition signal (ft), two signals appear: one, an increase in voltage

(U |) furnace transformer and the second to change the task on the dust content of the furnace gas (to the input of unit 12), since under the current conditions it is impossible to maintain the specified dust content of the furnace gas (5 g / nm).

In accordance with the signals given value of dust 50i5 g / nm. The adjustment of the task can be carried out in different ways - discretely, for example with a step of 5-10 g / nm, or if the actual dust content is less than the prescribed one, it can be taken as the given one, then the value of C is determined by the formula

ZYA

2eal -A ,, Q

- and

or

gzal-a

0.924,

Zyaa to

If the adjustment is made according to the second option, it is necessary to check the condition 0, 0.95.

The actual value of C is determined in a computing unit, where signals proportional to power and voltage are received (P, Uf,. These values are compared in block 15 with a predetermined value, and in the case of imbalance at the input of the logic block, a signal C appears.

Thus, the signal arrives at the first logical element And when the actual dust content is greater than the specified one and the value of the coefficient C is greater than the specified one. When the actual condition deviates from a given signal, the signal arrives simultaneously on the OR gate and at its output a signal appears on the deviation of dust, i.e. + / 1Z, and the signal to increase the voltage (U ,,), i.e. to decrease the value of C. If uZ is absent, and the value of the coefficient C is less than the specified value, the output of the logic block 16 shows a signal to increase the voltage. If both signals + & Z and -4C are present at the input of the OR gate, respectively, the signal on correction 5 appears at the output of the second logic element AND

0

five

Target setting for stove gas plug-in.

Thus, with the operation of phosphoric furnaces in accordance with the invention, with furnace powers up to 50 MW, it is possible to ensure the level of dust content of the furnace gas ./V 40 g / nm, and with working capacities of ovens RKZ-72f and RKZ-80f more than 50 MW, respectively rV50 g / nm, i.e. significantly lower than the routine values.

Thus, improving the quality of control of the operation of the phosphorus furnace will allow to reduce the loss of phosphorus with the Slurry by at least 40% without reducing the operating capacity of the furnaces.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula Method of controlling the operation of a phosphor electric furnace, in which the position of the electrodes in the bath is controlled 0 furnaces, the temperature under the furnace crutches and the dust content of the gases leaving the furnace set the coefficient characterizing the connection of the useful voltage with the active power, regulate the active power by moving the electrodes and switching the voltage levels of the furnace transformer, in order to reduce losses phosphorus with slime by 5, in the smelting process, the actual dustiness is measured and the actual value of the coupling coefficient of the useful voltage with active power is measured by actual power and useful voltage, the values obtained are compared with the given values and, if the dust content is the coefficient is greater than the set value, reduce the voltage by switching the transformer stage, if the actual dust content is greater than the set value, and the coefficient is less than the set value, increase The voltage and the specified value are dusty, if the dust content is less than (equal to) the specified value, and the coefficient is less than the specified value, the voltage is increased. ff / 5, 9ti 0.32 1p 108 1.16 Fi.1 .g a G. SlSm yj ace Editor I.Gorn Fi.3 Compiled by E.Kosarev Tehred I.Popovich Proofreader A.T. Order 5717/56 Circulation 799 Subscription VNIIPI USSR State Committee for inventions and discoveries 113035, Moscow, Zh-35, Raushsk nab, 4/5 Production and printing company, Uzhgorod, st. Project, 4