SU1351655A1 - Grain washing machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to flour-milling industry and can be used to wash buckwheat, millet, oats, and other grains. The purpose of the invention is to reduce losses by eliminating peeling and scaling of grain and ensuring the separation of hardly separable trash from the grain mass. The goal is achieved by the fact that the shaft of the grain auger 3 is made hollow on the grain loading side with air supply nozzles 5 fixed to it, and a vertical screw 12 is installed along the axis of the centrifuge column 11, the upper part of which is hollow and full to the top level of the washing tub 2. with perforations 13. At the same time, in the upper part of the vertical screw 12 there are fixed hollow perforated blades 15 with a radius increasing bottom-up, and the screen chat shell 17, and the lower part 14 of the shaft of the vertical screw according to the height of the washing bath not solid. 1 il. - gz PB & (L 00 SP 35 ate

Description

The invention relates to the milling industry and can be used for washing buckwheat grain, millet, oats, etc.

The purpose of the invention is to reduce losses by eliminating flaking and splitting of the grain and ensuring that such impurities are difficult to separate from the grain mass.

The goal is achieved by the fact that the grain auger shaft on the grain loading side is made hollow with air supply nozzles attached to it, and a vertical auger is mounted along the axis of the centrifuge column, the upper part of which is hollow and perforated to the top level of the washing tub, while The vertical screw is fixed with hollow perforated blades with a radius increasing from bottom to top, and the screen is sifted over the sheath, and the lower part of the shaft of the vertical screw is solid at the height of the washing tub.

The drawing shows schematically the proposed machine, a general view.

The grain washing machine consists of a nozzle 1 for loading grain, a washing tank 2, a grain auger 3 with a hollow part 4 along the shaft, which takes no more than 1/4 of the bath length, for supplying air through the nozzles 5 to it, connection nozzle 6 for connecting the air supply auger 7 for removal of mineral impurities into the bucket 8; a pumping station 9 for supplying water pressure 1 to the washing tub 2 and the splash chamber 10; a housing of the centrifugal column 11; a vertical auger 12c with a hollow shaft in the upper part. The floor of the vertical auger ends at the level of the upper part of the washing tub 2 dxc so that air does not enter the water and the flow chamber 10, and perforations 13 are made along the walls of the hollow shaft 13. The lower part 14 of the vertical auger 12 is solid. Blades 15, made hollow with perforations 16, are attached to the vertical screw 12, the radius of which increases from bottom to top. The upper part of the screw is surrounded by a sieve shell 17, hollow and perforated, in the form of a truncated cone turned upside down and rigidly fixed on the shaft of the screw 12, which facilitates the removal of moisture and provides vertical movement of the grain with the output through the visor 18, which has a smooth surface. The pitched shell 17 has lower and upper straps 19 for fastening it to the shaft. The centrifugal column has lower and upper thrust bearings 20 and 21, a pulley 22 rigidly connected to the screw shaft 12 and the drive of the electric motor 23, sealing the ring ring 24, the heated air diffuser 25, the pipe 26 unloading grain from the machine.

The work of the washing machine is concluded with the following.

Grain through pipe t is loaded into the washing tub 2, where it is picked up by the grain auger 3. At the same time the pumping of the pump begins

Q station 9 water and air in the grain mass moved by the screw 3. The flow through the hollow part 4 of the screw 3 and the nozzle 5 in the grain air flow contributes to its liquefaction in the water

5 environment, which helps to separate the impurities and grain of the main culture by density. Buckwheat grains with density

1.11 g / cm and millet with a density of 1.23 g / cm sink B water and move the screw 3 along the length of the wash tub 2. Organic impurity (stems, husks, etc.), hard to separate wild radish, spoiled millet grains with density less than 1 g / cm float due to lower density than water and due to flotation go with water. The amount of flotation generated is controlled by the flow rate of the air flow supplied through

.Q hollow part 4 of screw 3. The length of hollow part 4 of screw 3 with nozzles 5 is no more than 1/4 of the total length of the grain screw 3, which is sufficient for redistributing the components of the grain mass at the initial moment of feeding the washing screw 2 of the grain screw, and in connection with this, it significantly reduces the length of the washing bath 2. The mineral impurity is deposited along the length of bath 2 and is moved by the screw 7 to the bucket 8. By the grain screw 3 the grain moves to the flow chamber 10 and from there it flows into the centrifugal column in a water stream. Initially, the grain enters the blades 15 and the lower part 14 of the vertical screw 12, driven by rotor movement through the pulley 22 from the electric motor 23. During rotation

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vertical screw 12, the grain moves vertically and falls on the hollow blades 15 and the screw shaft 12 with perforation 13. In the hollow shaft of the screw 12 inside the centrifugal column, heated air is heated through the diffuser 25 to 85-90 ° C, the flow direction of which is determined relative to the grain perforation 13. Due to the fact that the screw 12 and the sieve shell 17 are rigidly connected to each other, when they are rotated by centrifugal forces, the grain is pressed against the sieve shell 17, and the surface moisture is partially squeezed. The supplied warm air through the perforations 13 makes it possible to additionally remove surface moisture by heating the surface of the grain and evaporating the moisture while it is in the centrifugal column. Manufacturing a sieve shell 17 in the form of a truncated downward-turned cone and picking up loops with increasing radius from bottom to bottom reduces the pressure of the layers one upon the other during vertical movement, which not only improves the extraction of moisture, eliminates peeling, but also improves the discharge of grain to the visor 18 and output from the washing machine through the pipe 26.

Compiled by M. Shapkin Editor S. Lisin Tehred A. Kravchuk Corrector. Pilipenko

Order 5519/7 Circulation 573 Subscription

VNISh State Committee of the USSR

for inventions and discoveries 113035, Moscow, Zh-35, Raushsk nab., 4/5

Production and printing company, Uzhgorod, st. Project, 4

Q

The proposed design of the centrifugal column allows to increase the circumferential speed to 22-28 m / s without reducing the degree of peeling of the grain and to provide not only an improvement in the surface moisture pressure, but also to increase the productivity of the washer.

Claims (1)

The invention formula .. A washing machine for grain, mainly large crops, containing a washing tub with grain augers. Screws for removal of mineral impurities and a cylindrical centrifugal column, characterized in that, in order to reduce losses by eliminating flaking and splitting of grain, a vertical screw with fixed blades and stripe sheath installed on the axis of the centrifugal column 5 is increased from the bottom to the top, and the sieve shell surrounds the upper part of the screw to the upper level of the washing tub, while the blades located in the sieve shell are hollow and perforated. 0 0