SU1291549A1 - Method of removing heavy metal ions from waste water - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to environmental protection, specifically to the treatment of wastewater from heavy metal ions, and allows an increase in the degree of treatment of wastewater by 10-16%. The essence of the method lies in the fact that the fuel oil fraction of oil in mass ratio with heavy metal ions 0.3-3: 1 is introduced into the wastewater before it is contacted with the carbon adsorbent. 4 tab. (Ls

Description

The invention relates to the purification of natural and waste waters and can be used for the separation of heavy metal ions from waste industrial wastewater in chemical, electrical, petrochemical, and municipal enterprises.

The aim of the invention is to increase the degree of purification of waste water from heavy metal ionization.

It has been established that the presence of heavy oil products in wastewater significantly increases the efficiency of adsorption of heavy metal ions on the surface of coal granules. An increase in the ion adsorption energy occurs under the influence of the resulting hydrocarbon film on the surface of the coal grains. At the same time, it was found that purification is carried out at the interface, therefore, the efficiency of adsorption of heavy metal ions in the resulting systems is higher than separately on activated carbon and on particles of petroleum products.

The proposed range of ratios of metal ions and petroleum products in wastewater is necessary, since with a ratio of more than 3: 1 petroleum products is not enough to form the necessary boundary zone, which reduces the degree of removal of heavy metal ions. When the ratio is less than 1: 3, significant removal of petroleum products from the sorbent is observed, which is accompanied by the leakage of ions

metal and reduced cleaning effect.

And p, m, r 1. Take 1 liter of distilled water, dissolve 47.2 mg of mercuric chloride / two charge in it, and mix with 1 l of water containing 40 mg of oil products (fuel oil fraction). In this case, the mass ratio of mercury ions and petroleum products is 1: 1. Water is passed through a column loaded with 10 g of BAU brand activated carbon, maintaining the filtration rate at a level of 6 m / h. In the filtrate, the mercury content is determined by a standard photocolorimetric method with a reagent of dithyzo-5 products, as in experiments 1-5. Sodern and oil products by the standard .extraction method with carbon tetrachloride on the instrument fluorimeter. Mercury ion content in

The barium ions in the filtrate are 0.24 mg / l, the purification rate is 99.0%, the oil content is 0.11 mg / l, the purification rate is 99.5%.

915492

filtrate 0.09 mg / l, degree of purification 99.6%, oil content 0.2 mg / l, degree of purification 99.0%.

Example 2. Under conditions of Example 1, the treatment of wastewater from mercury is carried out, the ratio of mercury ions to petroleum products changes.

The results of the experiments are given in

Table 1. /

This example shows that the maximum degree of purification is carried out within the prescribed limits.

Example 3. Lead ion waste water treatment. Take

5 1 liter of distilled water, 80 mg of lead nitrate are dissolved in it, and they are killed with 1 liter of water containing 50 mg of oil products (fuel oil fraction). In this case, the mass ratio

20 lead ions and petroleum products is 1: 1. Water is passed through a column loaded with 10 g of BAU brand activated carbon, maintaining a filtration rate of 7 m / h. In the filtrate, the lead content is determined by the standard photocolorimetric method with double extraction with dithizone reagent and oil products by the standard extraction method with carbon tetrachloride using a fluorimeter instrument. The content of lead ions in the filtrate is 0.12 mg / l, purification degree 99, -98%, oil content 0.16 mg / l, degree

35 cleaning 99.7%.

The results of cleaning in the implementation of the method at other ratios of lead ions and petroleum products are given in table 2.

25

thirty

40

Example 4. One liter of distilled water is taken, 97.2 mg of barium nitrate is dissolved in it, and one liter of water containing 50 mg of petroleum product (fuel oil fraction) is mixed with it. In this case, the mass ratio of barium ions and petroleum products is 1: 1. Water is passed through a column loaded with 10 g of activated carbon.

Q brand BAU, supporting speed

6 m / h filtering. In the filtrate, the content of barium ions is determined by the standard gravimetric sulfate method and the content of barium ion oil refining in the filtrate is 0.24 mg / l, the degree of purification is 99.0%, the content of oil products is 0.11 mg / l, the degree of purification is 99.5%.

The results of the implementation of the method in other ratios of the contents of barium ions and petroleum products are given in Table 3.

Example 5. In Example 1, water is purified from mercury ions by changing its initial concentration.

The results of the experiments are summarized in table 4.

Example 6. The experiment was carried out on the pretreatment of coal with sewage containing petroleum products. For the test, 10 g of activated carbon of the BAU brand is loaded into the column, filtered through it with 1 l of water containing 40 mg of oil products (fuel oil fraction), and then 1 l of water containing 24 m of mercury chloride (two charge) is passed through. The filtration rate is maintained at 6 m / h. Filtration defines mercury content. The mercury content is 2.2 mg / l, the degree of purification is 87/8%. The degree of purification of solutions from mercury in similar conditions on BAU without its treatment with the fuel oil fraction is 89.6%.

Example 7. Conduct experience on the use for the purification of water from mercury light fractions of petroleum products

Take 1 liter of water with a mercury ion content of 36.5 mg and mix it with 1l of water containing 36.5 mg of oil.

five

0

five

0

teproduktov. A light fraction (Cy-Cg1 hydrocarbons) is used as petroleum products. The mixture is passed through a column loaded with 10 g of BAU brand activated carbon, maintaining a filtration rate of 6 m / h. The content of mercury ions and oil products is determined in the filtrate. Mercury ion content is 4.9 mg / l, degree of purification 82.4%, oil content 0.9 mg / l, degree of purification 95%.

As can be seen from the above examples, carrying out water purification from metal ions in the proposed mode allows a 10% increase in the degree of purification of solutions from heavy metal ions compared to a known method and at the same time to efficiently clean wastewater from heavy fractions of petroleum products.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula The method of purification of waste water from heavy metal ions, including their contacting with a carbon adsorbent, characterized in that, in order to increase the degree of purification, the fuel oil fraction in mass ratio to metal ions equal to 0 is preliminarily introduced into the waste water, 3-3: 1. Table 1 98.1 99.3 99i8 88.1 table 2