SU1286641A1 - Electrolyzer for producing metals and alloys - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of non-ferrous metallurgy and can be used to produce metals by the electrolysis of molten salts. The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of the metal and reduce material and labor costs. This is achieved by the fact that the threshold is made with cooled, heat-selecting elements in the form of sectional plates mounted on it. The electrolyzer contains the cathode jacket 1, the anode 2 immersed in the electrolyte 3, the liquid metal cathode 4, on the surface of which sectional plates 5 are located. Performing electrolysis with sectional plates allows you to adjust the thickness and shape of the garnish. 2 yl. with (L

Description

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The invention relates to non-ferrous metallurgy and can be used for the production of metals by the electrolysis of molten salts in electrolytic cells with upper current lead with self-baking and calcined anodes.

The aim of the invention is to improve the quality of the metal and reduce material and labor costs.

The goal is achieved by the fact that in the electrolysis cell for the production of metals and alloys from molten media, including an anode, cathode and threshold, mounted around the perimeter of the shaft and protruding above the bottom to the level of the anode base, the threshold is made of cooled heat-removing elements in the form of sectional plates worn on a shaft side at a distance from the anode equal to 0.2-0.4 distances from the anode to the side of the mine.

Fig. 1 schematically shows an electrolyzer; in fig. 2 is a view A of FIG. one.

The electrolyzer contains a lined cathode jacket 1, an anode 2, a liquid metal cathode 4 immersed in a molten electrolyte 3, on the surface of which there are cooled heat-removing elements in the form of separate sectional plates 5 made of cast iron, for example, and a pipeline 6 for supplying a cooling agent .

The sections of the plates 5 are hinged on the cathode jacket side along the perimeter of the bath at a distance of 120-170 mm from the anode. It was experimentally established that the ratio of distances from the ends of the plates 5 to the anode and from the anode to the side of the bath (casing) is 0.2-0.4.

With the specified distance ratio of less than 0.2, maintenance of the electrolyzer is difficult, namely: cleaning the bottom, the anode base, eliminating the anode effect.

With a ratio of the distances from the plates to the anode and from the anode to the bead of the bath more than 0.4, metal losses increase and the cathode current output decreases due to an increase in the rate of convective transfer of the dissolved metal.

In the electrolysis process in section 5, a conduit 6 is supplied with a cooler, for example air. By

circulation in the cooler plates 5, they are overgrown with a layer of solidified electrolyte (skull), which then prevents the plates from directly contacting

with melt.

Changing the temperature and flow rate of the cooler into the sectional plates regulate the thickness and shape of the garment on the plates.

The essence of the proposed solution is determined as follows.

The cooled, made in the form of separate sections, plates, located on the surface of the liquid metal cathode, in the process of electrolysis are covered (overgrown) with a skull formed from the components of the molten electrolyte that does not contaminate the cathode metal.

By making the plates cooled, it is possible, by changing the flow rate of the cooling agent, not only to ensure a predetermined thickness of garnish on the plates, but also to regulate or shape its shape depending on the seasonal change in ambient (air) temperature.

Making the plates as separate sections allows them to be replaced as soon as necessary without stopping the cell.

The implementation of plates with a width at which the ratio of the distances from the edges of the plates to the anode and from the anode to the bead of the electrolyzer bath is 0.2-0.4 reduces the metal loss during convective transfer of the dissolved metal from the cathode to the anode and increases the metal yield over current up to 95-98%.

The hot air (agent) coming out of the plates can be utilized or can be used to level the thermal floor of the surface of the liquid anode mass.

The proposed design of the electrolyzer, by reducing the speed of the convective transfer of the molten metal, increases the cathodic current output and reduces the metal loss, as compared with the prototype, improves the quality of the metal by preventing contamination from it with harmful impurities, and reduces material and labor costs during operation of the electrolyzer.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula By the fact that, in order to increase the quality of the metal and reduce material and labor costs, the threshold is filled from the cooled heat-removing elements. An electrolyzer for the production of metals and alloys in expanded fluids, including an anode, cathode and threshold, is mounted in the form of sectional plates. installed around the perimeter of the mine and leased on board the mine 12866414 the fact that, in order to increase the quality of the metal and reduce material and labor costs, the threshold is made of cooled heat-removing elements, 5 of them in the form of sectional plates mounted on board the mine at a distance of blunt above the bottom of the bottom to the level of the anode powder, differing from an anode equal to 0.2-0.4 distances from the anode to the sides of the mine. LIDA 2