SU1279995A1 - Arrangement for dry cooling of coke - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to devices for the dry cooling of coke and reduces energy consumption and improves the maintainability of the device. The device comprises a cooling chamber, provided with vertical cooling rods, located inside the chamber, with an upper feed opening and lower discharge openings with mechanisms for unloading coke. The cooling rods are made in the form of thermosyphons of different lengths and are passed through the roof of the cooling chamber. The lower end of the short bars are located in the upper part of the chamber, and the lower ends of the long bars are located in the lower part of the chamber in tubes that are installed in the holes of the perforated grille and lower discharge holes. , are connected through the lower holes with a heat exchanger-air heater and are equipped with a cooling jacket, into which the condensation zones of thermosyphons, made in the form of guide rods, are led, the heat-receiving zones of which § are placed along a helix on the inner surface of the pipes. The ratio (L of the height of the upper part of the cooling chamber and its lower part is 1: 1.5-2.5, and the ratio of the diameter of the lower part to its height is 0.03: 0.06. To induce arousal and mixing coke in cooling rods in tubes are equipped with vibrating mechanisms. Cooling rods in tubes are provided with projections that are a mirror reflection of: guide rods. 3 Cp f-crystals, 3 sludge.

Description

112

The invention relates to the cooling of bulk, polydisperse materials, predominantly calcined coke used for the production of anodic bottom mass and electrodes, n can be used in non-ferrous metallurgy, in aluminum industry and in chemical and other industries where heat treatment of roasting or sintering It comes out with a temperature of about 1200-1300 ° C from a thermal furnace.

The purpose of the invention is to reduce energy costs and increase the repair ability to carry.

Figure 1 shows a device for cool ohla; kdeni coke, general view; figure 2 is a cross section aa in figure 1; on fig.Z - longitudinal section bB in figure 2.

The plant for dry cooling of hot polydisperse material (coke) consists of a cooling chamber divided into two parts — upper 1 and lower 2, with the help of a horizontal perforated grid 3, and equipped with cooling jackets Ai 5, respectively. For loading the coke from the furnace, in the upper part 1 of the chamber of the slab, a loading opening 6 is made,

Through the roof 7, chambers of cooling are pro-fused, cooling rods 8 and 9, made in the form of thermo-siphons of different lengths, which are hollow, plugged from the ends and partially filled with coolant pipes. The extended cooling rods 8 through the holes in the horizontal perforated grid 3 are brought to the lower part 2 of the cooling chambers, and

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Red-hot coke with a temperature of 1200 ° C enters the reaction shaft 1 (upper part 1 of the cooling chamber) through the charging opening 6, where it gives off some of the heat to the cooling jacket 4 and the heat-absorbing zones of the cooling rods located in the cavity of the upper part of the chamber, which together with a jacket form the heat exchange surfaces of the first stage of cooling, value. This design provides a slow and uniform cooling of the mass of coke in the cross section, since the jacket 4 cools the entire volume of material around its periphery, and the cooling rods with its heat-receiving zones cool the central part of this volume. Slow cooling of coke in the upper part of the chamber provides high quality

heat1 sensitive zones 10 are inserted into the cavity of vertical cylindrical tubes 11. Heat-receiving zones 12 shortened cooling rods 9 are located in the cavity of the upper part of the cooling chamber 5. A cooling jacket 5 in the vertical pipes 11 contains condensation zones 13 of the set of the main product. This is achieved by means of thermosiphons, in which the thermal-gradual, without mixing, the frequency-receiving zones are made in the form of particles of coke gathering in the upper part of chamber 1, which has a large cross-section. In the first stage, the coke is cooled at 100-150 ° C with a temperature of 1000-1050 ° C, at which the physico-chemical reactions of the co-section of x rods 14 (FIG. 3), fixed in the walls of vertical pipes 11 and oriented downward helix.

Both parts of the cooling chamber 1 and 2 are interconnected by means of a flange connection 15.

Behold, under the influence of the force of gravity, it enters the second stage of the cold,

Under the vertical pipes 11 in the receiving bin 16, a coke mechanism 17, for example, of a plate type, and a transport mechanism 18, for example 5 in the form of a scraper conveyor for supplying coke for cooling to the heat exchanger-air heater 19, which is essentially the third coke cooling stage. If necessary, the cooling rods 8 and 9 are easily dismantled 5

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5 qn 35

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with the help of a lifting mechanism 20.

Top height ratio

1 chambers cool to Nilcia

2 is 1: 1.5-2.5, and the ratio of the diameter of the low part: 1 of the cooling chamber to its height (delivers 0.03-0.06.

In order to mistle the advancement and mixing of coke in vertical pipes 11, the cooling rods are equipped with vibratory mechanisms.

In order to intensify the heat exchange, the cooling rods 8, retracted into the pipes 11, are provided with protrusions 21.

The device works as follows.

Red-hot coke with a temperature of 1200 ° C enters the reaction shaft 1 (upper part 1 of the cooling chamber) through the charging opening 6, where it gives off some of the heat to the cooling jacket 4 and the heat-absorbing zones of the cooling rods located in the cavity of the upper part of the chamber, which together with a jacket form the heat exchange surfaces of the first stage of cooling, value. This design provides a slow and uniform cooling of the mass of coke in the cross section, since the jacket 4 cools the entire volume of material around its periphery, and the cooling rods with its heat-receiving zones cool the central part of this volume. Slow cooling of coke in the upper part of the chamber provides high quality

.. product. This is achieved due to the gradual, without moving, the particles of coke gathering in the upper part of chamber 1, which has a large cross section. In the first stage, the coke is cooled at 100-150 ° C with a temperature of 1000-1050 ° C, at which the physicochemical reactions of the coke end, under the action of gravity enters the second stage of cooling,

made in the form of vertical cylindrical tubes 11 equipped with a cooling jacket 5, guide rods 14, and also heat-receiving zones 10 of elongated cooling rods 8. Such a design of heat exchange surfaces of the second cooling stage allows intensive cooling of polydisperse coke to 400-450 ° C, while excluding the blowing of coke with an inert gas, which is unacceptable for cooling polydisperse coke containing dust-like fractions, the removal of which with the gas flow is unavoidable and, therefore, tachometric loss of material, causing environmental pollution. Intensive cooling of the polydisperse coke is carried out as follows. Under the force of gravity, the coke moves down along the annular channels formed by the walls of vertical pipes 10 and the heat-receiving zones 9 of the elongated cooling rods 8 located in the center of the channels, while the heat-exchanging surfaces remove heat from the coke layers adjacent to them. with heat-receiving zones of a plurality of thermosyphons located in the annular channel along the descending helix; for the coke pieces, the guides are made in the form of a rod 14 minutes serving for acting on the trajectory of movement of the coke lumps. At the same time, the rods slow down the pieces of coke, cool them, and change their trajectory, pressing them either against the wall of the vertical pipe 11 or against the heat-receiving zone 10 of the cooling rods, which in both cases intensifies their cooling. The movement of the coke pieces to the walls is caused by the inclination of the rods 14, which cause the pieces of coke to slide along them, which are in a position of unstable equilibrium and which tend to be more stable under pressure from them. To prevent pieces of coke from seizing between the heat-absorbing zones of the guide rods 14 and the walls of the vertical pipes 11, the gap between them at each guide rod expands along the length of the rod. The change of the trajectory of the movement of large pieces of coke is caused by both a and g and e x fO

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20

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thirty

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45

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Also, the intensification of cooling of small fractions of coke is because hindered, transversely and longitudinally moving pieces of coke are used as a nozzle in relation to small fractions of coke, through which small fractions of coke occur during their movement. This leads to intensive movement of fines and a decrease in the temperature gradient in the cross section of the cooled coke. This is facilitated by the implementation of vertical tubes 11 of cylindrical shape and narrower compared with the cross section of the cooling chambers in the prototype device, as well as ensuring the transmission of oscillatory movements to heat-receiving zones 10 (which may have protrusions 21 on their surface). Due to the supply of cooling rods by vibration mechanisms . Such a design of the second cooling stage makes it possible to cool the polydisperse coke without its loss and loss to the temperature at which its chemical activity ceases, i.e. to a temperature of 400-450 ° C, since cooling is performed under conditions of complete tightness of the installation, and this is foreseen. when coke is cooled in the first and second stages, steam is applied to industrial parameters; for this, all the cooling elements of these cooling stages form an evaporative cooling system for coke.

Cooled in vertical pipes 11, the coke is fed into the receiving hopper 16 by the unloading mechanism 17. In the latter, the dust-like fraction of the coke is separated and then sucked out of it for use in the process. Larger coke fractions from the receiving hopper 16 by the transporting mechanism 18 are fed for additional cooling to the heat exchanger-air heater 19, where the final cooling of the large Thracian cokra occurs, and the air heated in it is blown into the coke oven.

This installation design allows, if necessary, routine repair of the heat exchange surfaces of the second cooling stage, without stopping the installation for this. Cooling rods 8 and 9 can be removed if they fail.

and replaced with serviceable ones by means of a lifting mechanism 20, and the vertical pipe 11 that is inserted can be replaced by installing plugs in the flange connectors 15 of the faulty pipe to stop the flow of coke into it and also disconnect it from the cooling system. After installing the serviceable pipe 11 in place and carrying out the preparatory work (in the reverse order), it can be put into operation with a small effort.

Claims (4)

11 The invention relates to the cooling of bulk, polydisperse materials, predominantly calcined coke used to produce anodic bottom mass and electrodes, and can be used in non-ferrous metallurgy, in aluminum industry and in chemical and other industries where heat-treated products roasting or sintering comes out with a temperature of about 1200-1300 ° C from a heat-treatment furnace. The purpose of the invention is to reduce energy consumption and increase the repair ability to carry. Figure 1 shows a device for cool ohla; kdeni coke, general view; figure 2 is a cross section aa in figure 1; on fig.Z - longitudinal section bB in figure 2. The plant for dry cooling of hot polydisperse material (coke) consists of a cooling chamber divided into two parts — upper 1 and lower 2, with the help of a horizontal perforated grid 3, and equipped with cooling jackets Ai 5, respectively. For coke loading from the furnace in the upper part of the chamber 1, the charging hole 6 is filled with a filling opening 6. The extended cooling rods 8 through the holes in the horizontal perforated grid 3 are brought to the lower part 2 of the cooling chambers, and their heat-receiving zones 10 are inserted into the cavity of vertical cylindrical tubes 11. The heat-receiving zones 12 of the shortened cooling rods 9 are located in the cavity of the upper part 1 chambers okhla5kdeni. In the cooling jacket 5, vertical pipes 11 contain condensation zones 13 of a plurality of thermosyphons, in which the heat-receiving zones are made in the form of Yush x rods 14 (FIG. 3) fixed in the walls of vertical pipes 11 and oriented along the downward helix. Both parts of the cooling chamber 1 and 2 are interconnected by means of a flange connection 15. 95 Under the vertical pipes 11 in the receiving bin 16 a coke mechanism 17 is installed, for example, a disk-type and transporting mechanism 18, for example 5 in the form of a scraper conveyor for coke feeding for cooling to the heat exchanger-air preheater 19, which is essentially the third stage of coke cooling. If necessary, the cooling rods 8 and 9 can be easily dismantled by means of a lifting mechanism 20. The ratio of the height of the upper part of the chamber 1 is 1.5: 1.5-2.5, and the ratio of the diameter of the lower part: 1 camera cooling to its height (delivers 0.030, 06. In order to gossiping and mixing coke in the vertical pipes 11, the cooling rods are equipped with vibratory mechanisms. To intensify the heat exchange, the cooling rods 8, which are led out into the pipes 11, are equipped with protrusions 21. The device works as follows The hot coke with a temperature of 1200 ° C enters the reaction shaft 1 (upper part 1 of the cooling chamber) through the charging opening 6, where it gives some heat to the cooling jacket 4 and the heat-absorbing zones of the cooling rods located in the cavity of the upper part of the chamber which, together with the jacket, form the heat exchange surfaces of the first stage of cooling, value.This design provides a slow and uniform cooling of the mass of coke in the cross section, since the jacket 4 cools the entire volume of material along its periphery Rhee, and the cooling of the bar with their teplovoeprinimayuschimi zones cooled central part of this volume. Slow cooling of coke in the upper part of the chamber 1 ensures high quality of the product. This is achieved due to the gradual, without mixing, particles of coke gathering in the upper part of chamber 1, which widens a large cross section. In the first stage, the coke is cooled at 100-150 ° C with a temperature of 1000-1050 ° C, at which the physico-chemical reactions of the coke end, under the action of gravity enters the second stage of the cooling tower, made in the form of vertical cylindrical tubes 11, equipped with a cooling jacket 5, the guide rods 14, as well as the heat-receiving zones 10 of the elongated cooling rods 8. Such a design of the heat-exchange surfaces of the second cooling stage allows for intensive cooling of the polydisperse coke to 400-450 ° C, the suit In this case, coke purging with an inert gas is unacceptable for cooling polydisperse coke containing dust-like fractions, the removal of which with the gas flow is unavoidable and, therefore, material loss is unavoidable, causing environmental pollution. Intensive cooling of the polydisperse coke is carried out as follows. Under the force of gravity, the coke moves down along the annular channels formed by the walls of vertical pipes 10 and the heat-receiving zones 9 of the elongated cooling rods 8 located in the center of the channels, while the heat-exchanging surfaces remove heat from the coke layers adjacent to them. in contact with the heat-receiving zones of a plurality of thermosyphons located in the annular channel along the descending helix; for the pieces of coke, the guides are made in the form of a rod 14 minutes serving to effect the movement in trajectory coke lumps. At the same time, the rods slow down the pieces of coke, cool them, and change their trajectory, pressing them either against the wall of the vertical pipe 11 or against the heat-receiving zone 10 of the cooling rods, which in both cases intensifies their cooling. The movement of the coke pieces to the walls is caused by the inclination of the rods 14, which cause the pieces of coke to slide along them, which are in a position of unstable equilibrium and which tend to be more stable under pressure from them. To prevent pieces of coke from seizing between the heat-absorbing zones of the guide rods 14 and the walls of the vertical pipes 11, the gap between them at each guide rod expands along the length of the rod. A change in the trajectory of movement of large pieces of coke also causes an intensification of cooling of small fractions of coke, since the coke pieces that are retarded in the transverse and longitudinal directions are used as a nozzle in relation to the small fractions of coke, through which the small fractions of coke pass through their movement. This leads to intensive movement of fines and a decrease in the temperature gradient in the cross section of the cooled coke. This is facilitated by the implementation of vertical tubes 11 of cylindrical shape and narrower compared with the cross section of the cooling chambers in the prototype device, as well as ensuring the transfer of oscillatory movements to the heat-receiving zones 10 (which may have protrusions 21 on their surface) due to the supply of cooling rods by vibratory mechanisms. Such a design of the second cooling stage makes it possible to cool the polydisperse coke without its loss and loss to the temperature of its chemical activity termination, i.e. to a temperature of 400-450 ° C, since cooling is performed under conditions of complete tightness of the installation, and this is foreseen. when coke is cooled in the first and second stages, steam is applied to industrial parameters; for this, all the cooling elements of these cooling stages form an evaporative cooling system for coke. Cooled in vertical pipes 11, the coke is fed into the receiving hopper 16 by the unloading mechanism 17. In the latter, the dust-like fraction of the coke is separated and then sucked out of it for use in the process. Larger fractions of coke from the receiving bin 16 by the transporting mechanism 18 are fed for additional cooling to the heat exchanger-air heater 19, where the final cooling of the large Thracian cokra occurs and the air heated in it is blown into the coke oven. This installation design allows, if necessary, routine repair of the heat exchange surfaces of the second cooling stage, without stopping the installation for this. The cooling rods 8 and 9, in case of their malfunction, can be removed and replaced with serviceable ones by means of a lifting mechanism 20, and the vertical pipe 11 which has been built can be replaced by installing the plugs in the flange connectors 15 of the faulty pipe to stop the coke from entering it, as well as disconnecting it from the cooling system. After installing the serviceable pipe 11 in place and carrying out the preparatory work (in the reverse order), it can be put into operation with a small effort. Claim 1. Device for dry cooling of coke, comprising a cooling chamber equipped with vertical cooling rods located inside the chamber, an upper feed opening and lower discharge openings with mechanisms for unloading coke, characterized in that in order to reduce energy consumption and The repair capacity is higher, the cooling rods are made in the form of thermosyphons of different lengths and passed through the roof of the cooling chamber, which is divided by a horizontal perforated grating into the upper and lower The lower ends of the short rods are located in the upper part of the chamber, and the lower ends of the long rods are located in the lower part of the chamber in pipes that are installed in the holes of the perforated grille and lower discharge openings are connected through the lower holes to the heat exchanger-air heater and equipped with a cooling jacket, into which the condensation zones of thermosyphons, made in the form of guide rods, whose heat-receiving zones are located along a helix on the inner surface five tubes. 2. A device according to claim 1, characterized in that the ratio of the height of the upper part of the cooling chamber and the lower part is 1: 1.5 | -2, 5, and the ratio of the diameter of the thinner part to its height is 0.03-0, 06 3. The device according to claim 1, about tl and which is so that, in order to induce the advancement and mixing of coke in the pipes, the cooling rods are equipped with vibratory mechanisms. 4. A device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cooling rods in the pipes are provided with protrusions which are a mirror image of the guide rods.