SU1276280A1 - Sowing apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to agricultural machinery and, in particular, to tukovyshenypnaratam for fertilizer. The aim of the invention is to improve the uniformity of mixing and seeding components with different flowability. The sowing machine contains a hopper 1 with a fixed bottom 2. The hopper cavity is divided by a partition 4, the position of which is regulated by means of a screw mechanism 5 so that the volume of its larger part to the smaller one varies within 1.32 ... 1.98. At the bottom of the hopper will stir an additional 6 and 7 main blade discs. In the wall of the cavity of the hopper 1 above the fixed bottom with the possibility of passage above it of the blade disk 6 in the grooves 10 placed plate 11, made in the form of a segment. At the same time, the area of segment 11 is 0, G25 ... 0.33 of the stationary bottom 2. Organic fertilizers are poured into a large part of the bunker, and mineral fertilizers fall into a smaller part. Spinning, the additional disk 6 enters the shell between the segment plate and gate 8. So it rakes a certain portion of the mine (Oral fertilizers and carries it in the direction of vrasheni in the bunker with organic (L fertilizers. Fertilizers are mixed. The resulting mixture is seeded with the main disk 7 along the periphery of the bottom 2 into the pipelines 17. 3 or. Oi to 00 O

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, in particular, to tukovysevayuschie apparatus for fertilizing.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the uniformity of mixing and seeding of components with different flowability.

FIG. 1 schematically shows the proposed apparatus, side view; in fig. 2 is a section A-A in FIG. one; in fig. 3 is a view B in FIG. one.

The sowing apparatus contains a hopper 1 with a circular fixed bottom 2, the cavity 3 of the bunker is divided by a partition 4, the position of which is adjusted by means of a screw mechanism 5 so that the ratio of its bulk to smaller volume varies within 1.32-1.98. In the lower part of the bunker, the blades of the disks are an additional 6 and the main 7. The partition 4 is equipped with a flap 8 in the form of a movable plate, height-adjustable screw mechanism 9. To the wall of the cavity of the bunker 1 above the bottom, it is possible for the blade disk 6 to pass through it In the grooves 10, the plate I is horizontally placed, made in the form of a segment, is a junction with the bottom of a small bunker. The square of the segment 11 is 0.125-0.33 flat, the fixed bottom 2.

S (0.125-0.33) Si,

where Sj is continuous, ady segment;

Si is the area of a fixed bottom.

An adjustment mechanism 12 is installed in the lower part of the bunker to regulate the size of the seed bar, spruce. A conical part is provided at the bottom 2 of the hopper to prevent the mass of fertilizers from self-sprinkling when the tractor is moving during turns. In the central part of the bottom of the apparatus, a drive shaft 13 is installed, transmitting the rotation to the upper 6 and lower 7 bladed disks. The shaft 13 is rotated from the bevel gears 14 and 15 through the shaft 16. In the lower part of the bottom are fixed the material actuators 17.

Sowing machine operates as follows.

Organic fertilizers (half-ripe manure) are poured into a large cavity of the bunker, and mineral fertilizers (ammonium nitrate), granulated superphosphate or potassium chloride are poured into a small cavity. When the shaft 16 rotates from the tractor's PTO drive, the rotation is transmitted through bevel gears 14 and 15 to the shaft 13 with blade disks 6 and 7. At the same time, the bent ends of the upper blades 6 go into the gap between the segment plate 11 and the gate 8, rake a certain rate of mineral fertilizers and carry it out in the direction of rotation into a hopper with organic fertilizers. When moving the upper blades

from the large blade of the bunker in the section of mineral fertilizers are simultaneously freed from the components trapped from the large cavity and filled with mineral fertilizers, since the blades of the ejectors are bent in the direction of their rotation, and the angle between the radius passing through any point of the blade of the ejector and tangent to That point is greater than the friction angle of both components.

The raked fertilizers due to the effects of the upper blades are shifted with organic fertilizers and lowered into the bottom of the fertilizer jar. The resulting mixture is sown with a bottom hole with a pasta disc 7 along the periphery of the bottom of the apparatus into the material lines 17.

The regulation of the seeding rate of mineral fertilizers is carried out by changing the height of the flap 8 using a screw mechanism 9. The number of sown organo-mineral mixtures is controlled by changing the sowing slot using mechanism 12. To ensure the simultaneous discharge of the components of the mixture, which differ sharply from each other in physical and mechanical properties, the cavity bunker divided by an adjustable partition. The ratio of the volume of a large bunker to a smaller one should be

 1.32-1.98, 0 where V is the larger part of the bunker;

VM - the volume of a small part of the bunker. According to agrotechnical requirements, the required ratio of mineral fertilizers to organic fertilizers is from 1: 2.5 to 1: 4. If the ratio is 32, then the volume of the large bunker is reduced and it is emptied earlier than the small bunker, and the efficiency of the use of the volume of the bunker decreases.

If the ratio Ug / Ui is 1.98, then the volume of the large bunker increases and the small bunker is emptied earlier than the large one. As a result, the efficiency of using the volume of the hopper is also reduced and the uniformity of fertilizer application is reduced.

5 The ratio of mineral fertilizers to organic fertilizers, which meets the agrotechnical requirements in the range of 1: 2.5 to 1: 4, is provided with a ratio of the volume of the two bunkers of the apparatus to a larger one, equal to 1.32: 1.98.

At the same time, both bins are emptied at the same time, the volume utilization is maximized, and the productivity of the unit is improved. Due to the fact that the upper and lower blade disks are mounted on the same shaft, with a change in the frequency of their rotation, to adjust the ratio of mineral fertilizers to organic fertilizers.

is impossible. To provide a ratio of mineral fertilizers to organic fertilizers that meet the agrotechnical requirements of 1: 2.5 to 1: 4, the area of the segmented bottom is 0.125 0.33 of the area of the fixed tray.

Sa (0.125-0.33) Sj,

where Sa is the area of the segment;

S, is the area of the fixed plate.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula A sowing device containing a partitioned bunker with a fixed bottom, over which sowing cavities are installed, a drive mechanism, characterized in that, in order to improve the uniformity of mixing and sowing of components with different flowability, the partition in the bunker is installed with the possibility of adjusting its position, ensuring a change in the ratio the volume of the most part of the bunker to a smaller one within 1.32 ... 1.98, and above the fixed bottom there is a bottom of a small bunker, made B in the form of fixed movably in the slots The bunker of the segment plate, the area of which is 0.125-0.33 of the fixed bottom area, with an additional blade disk mounted above the sowing blades with the possibility of passing over the segment plate. FIG. 2 D .. g , / 6 Buff in l - X fie.Z 7 /