SU125452A1 - Machine for washing and chopping root vegetables with tops - Google Patents

Description

Machines are known for washing and shredding the foliage tops, which perform the processes of washing the tops during lifting from the receiving tank with a screw, pressing the water by compressing the mass by reducing the pitch and diameter of the screw and then grinding the tops with knives.

The proposed machine design is characterized in that it removes the water remaining after washing and cutting the tops and root crops, using a quick-rising additional screw with a reduced pitch of turns, located in the lattice cylindrical body, in the direction of movement of the processed product.

FIG. 1 shows the proposed machine (longitudinal section through AA); in fig. 2 is a view along arrow B of the scraper conveyor for removing stones and dirt from the machine.

The receiving table / is located below the bottom of the car body and from the sides is limited by the sides, guided ush, they manually rooted root crops to the receiving bucket 2 washes.

The washing is made in the form of an inclined auger 3, above which are perforated pipes 4, through which water is supplied to the roots mixed by the auger. Lattice gutter 5 of the screw is provided with a casing at the bottom,. along which the drainage from the root crops of the cumulative water is directed to the receiving bucket. In order to prevent the roots from moving under the receiving bucket into the trellised trough, the shelf between the edge of the trellised trough and the casing is blocked by an inclined trellis 7 in the form of a truncated cone.

The lower part of the washing auger is tapered (with a reduced height of turns). In the free space of the receiving bucket under the part of the auger, the stones that fall together with the root crops are deposited. Dirt from the gutter is washed off here.

No. 125452

At the end wall of the receiving bucket there is a scraper conveyor 8, the drive sprocket of which is mounted on the auger shaft. The conveyor belt is separated from the receiving bucket by a casing that has a window in the lower part, the upper edge of which is slightly higher than the auger shaft. When this window is dirty and the stones from the receiving bucket are mixed into the conveyor zone and during the washing process they are moved outside the machine.

Below the auger bearing, a window 9 is arranged with a lid for draining water and removing the stones retained at the bottom of the receiving bucket.

Open at the top (in the area of the water supply pipe), the wash auger trough passes into the upper part into a cylindrical one. At the edge of the cylindrical casing, the knife 10 is fixedly fixed. Protrusion: above the auger, parts of the root crops, sewn between the edge of the auger coil and the blade of the knife, are cut and fall back into the chute.

The cutting unit includes a disk 11 with shell-shaped windows in which knives 12 are fixed at an angle to the disk plane. The disk rotates in the direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the washing screw. As they are fed, the roots and tops are chopped with knives and discarded on the other side of the disc.

The disk is cutted, its apparatus is sealed with pipe 13, sitting: it is on two rolling bearings on the shaft of the washing auger. On the same pipe, the turns of the screw of the separating apparatus 14, the disk of firewood with blades 15, drive pin 16 and leading gear 17 are fixed. from which through two pairs of gears of the gearbox it is turned into rotation of the shchesther.ch 18, rigidly sitting on the shaft of the washing auger. The gear ratio of the gearbox is about 20.

The pipe driven by the engine from the engine is driven by a pipe with working bodies fixed on it at about 400 r / min, and washing cheeks at about 20 r / min.

The crushed mass, containing a large amount of surface moisture, falls after grinding under the influence of the rapidly rotating screw of the water separating apparatus. To increase the duration of the stay of the mass in this auger, the pitch of its turns is approximately three times less than that of the washing one. Due to the fact that in a rapidly rotating spinner of a water separator covered by a caged cylindrical casing 19, the product being transported is drawn into a circular motion and moves along a cylindrical wall along a helical line, the water developing inertial force will be stripped out through the holes in the enclosing auger casing. A solid casing 20 is installed around the lattice cylinder, which holds water out of the inner cylinder. Collecting water here through the casing flows into the receiving bucket.

In order that the ground mass is not rubbed through the lattice cover, the edges of its openings with a round shape must be pressed outwards or broken from the inside.

The ground mass released from water is emitted by a screw in the casing of firewood, the blades of which are thrown through a window 21 into a silo trench or mu.

The machine can be used for washing and grinding both root crops without tops and separated from the roots of the tops.

Subject invention

Claims (2)

1. A machine for washing and chopping root crops with tops using a screw washer and disk cutting apparatus, characterized in that a fast rotating additional screw with a reduced pitch of turns is located in the lattice cylindrical to remove the remaining water after washing and cutting the root crops casing. 2. The machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the tubular shaft of the auger is mounted on the rolling bearing and is attached at one end to the disk of the cutting apparatus, and at the other end carries a disk of the fireplug, the drive pulley and the drive brush of the washing screw.