SU1247423A1 - Quenching oil - Google Patents

Description

"

The invention relates to the heat treatment of metals, in particular, oil for hardening steel products in vacuum.

The aim of the invention is to increase the cooling capacity and to provide light-oxidizing properties during vacuum quenching.

With the addition of selective purity oil or hydrotreatment with a viscosity of 18-20 cSt at. 50 C and an ionol of alkenyl succinimide, mol. May. 300-10000 and polymethylsiloxane, increases its cooling capacity and provides light-blocking properties during the hardening of steel products in vacuum.

Alkenyls ukcinimide is the product of the reaction of alkenyl succinic anhydride with a polyamine. (alkenylpolybutuene or polyisobutylene mol. May 300000000).

As succinimide additives, for example, the following products can be used.

Additive C-5A-alkenylsuccinimide based on diethylenetriamine (R - polyisobutylene, mol.mae.1000) of the general formula

Jn

Additive based on diethylenetriamine C-5M-bisuccinimide, modified with methylphenol derivative (alkenyl polyisobutylene mol. May 1000) of the general formula:

ABOUT

c, n,

/ Hhsh

one

 ABOUT

,about

C H / i-K

.

H-R1 H2

%

ABOUT

sh

The PMS-200A polymethylsiloxane, Ionol 2 5b-di-t-butyl para-cresol is a white crystalline powder, completely soluble in oil.

As a basis, a fraction with boiling point of 310–330 ° C and boiling point of 10% at 340–370 ° C is used, for example, the oil component 350–420 0 or I20A oil. The invention is illustrated by the following examples.

For sample preparation of quenching oils, an oil base oil base is mixed with vigorous stirring at 60-7 ° C with ionol, IIMC-200A and C-5A or C-5M additives in specified ratios. Distillate oils were used as the oil base.

The compositions of the samples of the proposed quenching oil, the composition of the known oil of the prototype are presented in table 1, and the physico-chemical characteristics of the samples in comparison with the prototype - in table 2.

From the data of Table 2, it follows that the proposed oil, by its physicochemical properties and the pressure of the saturated vapor, exceeds the prototype in stability against oxidation. The known oil (prototype) possesses high vapor pressure and, due to increased evaporation

cannot be used for vacuum quenching.

Table 3 presents data on the cooling capacity and light blocking properties of hardening oil samples.

The cooling capacity according to the cooling curves is temperature-time using a copper thermal probe on a special vacuum stand in a nitrogen atmosphere at pressures from 1013 to 10.P1a. The cooling time was determined by the type of curve. Differential cooling curve, built the curve of the cooling rate on temperature ..,

The light-blocking properties of the oil were tested on specimens of steel Ж-15 and 9ХС by quenching them in the known and proposed oil under vacuum with subsequent evaluation of the surface of the specimens before and after quenching.

As follows from the data given in Tables 3 and 3, the samples of the proposed oil in all respects meet modern requirements for hardening oil for vacuum hardening. Lubricating properties of oils., /

Samples 1-A from PC-15 and 9ХС steels after hardening under vacuum in oils have a clean shiny surface. The known oil (prototype), as compared with the proposed one, has a lower value of the maximum cooling rate and does not give light sun. When quenching steel specimens in this oil under vacuum, violent boiling out and release of oil occur, which makes it impossible to carry out its testing in experimental-industrial conditions. Consequently, the well-known physical and chemical and functional properties of the layer do not meet the requirements of vacuum quenching.

A test batch of oil called VZ-1 (oil on sample 2) was tested in an industrial vacuum furnace when quenching bearing rings 7815/01 and 57707/01 made of 111X-15 steel. The heating was performed in a vacuum electric furnace of individual rings weighing 20 kg up to a vacuum of -10 hPa with an exposure to these

2 3 4

 About that type

Base No. 1 oily Succinimide

component fraction additive C-5A, j 350-420 0

Same C-5A

Also. e-5Ag

Basis number 2 oil I-2 A

C-5A,

Component of phenolic apicalsapicilate cleaning with kinematic calcium bond at 1 and viscosity 16-17 cSt

2474234

conditions for 30 min. Hardening ability of the oil was evaluated by the quality of heat treatment, hardness and microstructure. The hardness of 5 bearing rings of steel SH-15 should not be below 60 HPC. Evaluation of the light-blocking properties of the oil was carried out by evaluating the appearance of the rings before and after quenching.

10 The results of the evaluation of the heat treatment quality of the bearing rings in the proposed oil at different heating temperatures and three gas pressures under the oil are given in Table 4,

(5 show that the proposed oil provides a bright surface for the products, as well as the required microstructure and hardness both during the quenching of individual rings and in the cage 20 weighing 20 kg.

The proposed quenching oil has good stability against oxidation and can be used as in the process of vacuum quenching,

25 in the process of quenching in air, endogas and other environments. one.

Table 1

but

5A, j

at

0.3

0.3 0.5

0.3 0.3

0,003

0.0 00

0,003

a change in the temperature of the flask towards lowering

oil type

Not

Not

Not

Not

Very dark - Without siege - Without Without it, with ka sediment sediment sediment

plate appearance

Rozova, Rozova, Rozova Rozova Rozova without p ten without p - without p - without p - without p ten ten tek ten

Pressure of vapor Pa, when

(mmHg,)

0.0270.027 0.027 0.027 2.930

(2.09- {2.09- (2.09 l6 / (2.09) (2.2 10)

table 2

Not

Not

Sediment-Without Sediment Sludge

Not

No sediment

Table 3

Editor M.Kelemes

Compiled by A.Sekey Tehred V.Kadar Proofreader L.Patay

Order 4081/26 Circulation 552. Subscription

VNIIPI USSR State Committee

for inventions and discoveries 113035, Moscow, Zh-35, Raushsk nab., 4/5

Production and printing company, Uzhgorod, Projecto st., 4

Table A

Claims (1)

Hardening oil containing selective distillate or hydrotreating oil with a viscosity of 18-20 cSt at 50 ° C and ionol, characterized in that, in order to increase the cooling ability ft to provide light-glowing properties when quenched in vacuum, it additionally contains alkenyl succinimide p mol. .300-10000 and polymethylriloxane in the following ratio of components, wt.%: Ionol 0.3-0.5 Alkenyl succinimide 2-5 Polymethyl siloxane 0.002-0.003 Distillate i oil Rest (L W f cz fe 4 * M 4 * b