SU1031442A1 - Apparatus for producing solid substances from solutions - Google Patents

Description

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The invention relates to chemical engineering, in particular to rotary thin-film apparatuses designed to produce highly concentrated bottoms of the solid phase from solutions in the heat treatment processes of both organic and inorganic products.

A rotary apparatus {evaporator with a device for distributing liquid, viscous, adhesive and pasty products along the internal heat exchange surface of a horizontal evaporation unit is known. The rotor of the device consists of LIJ screw helix lines.

The disadvantage of the apparatus is that when the solutions are concentrated to a solid residue, the latter flies through the inner cavity of the apparatus, with a part of the undiluted solid phase entering the outlet fitting and reducing the quality of the product.

The closest to the present invention is an apparatus for obtaining solids from solutions, comprising a horizontal cylindrical housing with end caps, a heat exchange jacket, a housing guard, a cylindrical rotor mounted coaxially in the housing, screw-in devices for materials input and output placed at the ends of the rotor, scrapers fixed stepwise along a helix on the rotor and fittings for input and output materials 2.

A disadvantage of the known apparatus is that, under the action of one of the components of the centrifugal force, the scraper-cut solid product is thrown forward, the scraper stands in front of it and spreads around the apparatus. In this case, a part of the solid phase enters the secondary vapors, and a part into the product outlet fitting, due to which the product quality decreases and the losses increase.

The purpose of the invention is to intensify the process by preventing the solid substance from scattering on the inner surface of the body.

The goal is achieved by the fact that in an apparatus for obtaining solids from solutions containing a horizontal cylindrical f Z

chested case with end caps, a heat exchange jacket located outside the casing, a cylindrical rotor coaxially mounted in the 5th case, screw-type input and output devices placed at the ends of the rotor, scrapers fixed stepwise along the helix on the rotor , the scrapers at the present day are double folded.

Scrapers are equipped with ribs located concentric with the axis of the housing.

Figure 1 shows the apparatus, General 5 view, longitudinal section; Fig. 2, the structure of bent-curved scrapers, their relative position and the flow pattern of the particles being cut; on fig.Z - the location of the edges, limiting the spread of particles.

The device is composed of / from the housing 1 with a heat exchange jacket 2 and fittings 3-6 for the entrance of the product of the concentrate output and the secondary steam and the entrance 5 and the outlet of the heating agent.

A rotor 7 is installed in the housing 1, having a switchgear 8 in the area of the product inlet, and a Q device 9 for dispensing the product, made in the form of a screw, at the outlet of the solid residue.

In the zone of the heated chamber, the rotor is equipped with scrapers 10, located along a helical line, stepwise in relation to FRIEND to a friend. In section, concentric heat transfer surface, scrapers 10 are double-bent. From the direction of rotation, the scrapers 10 are provided with fins 1 1 arranged coicentrically along the heat exchange surface.

The device works as follows.

When the rotating rotor 7 is in the nozzle 3. a concentrate is supplied, which with the help of the screws 8 is distributed on the surface of the housing with a thin film and is fed into the evaporation zone. Upon evaporation, a solid phase precipitates from the solution, which is picked up by the scrapers 10 and transported along the heat exchange surface. Upon contact with the scrapers 10, the solid phase enters the recess in the scraper, moves along it and, when leaving the scraper, 5 K3 changes the direction of movement in accordance with the bend of the surface of the scraper. By changing the direction, the solid phase is thrown

I, on the next scraper, falls into the recess of the scraper, in accordance with the recess in the scraper, changes the direction of motion and dampens the velocity of those particles that are accidentally peeled off. melt towards the center of the apparatus, hit the edge 11 and are reflected to the heat exchange surface. On subsequent scrubbers, the cycle of movement of the solid phase is repeated. Dry screw 9 is discharged from the apparatus through the nozzle t. Depending on the requirements of the technology, the secondary steam may be removed from the apparatus through either fitting 3) or through fitting k.

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Thus, the double-curved shape of the scrapers and the presence of the edges and scrapers create a y-joint for an organized forced direction; 5 movements of the flow of the solid phase and prevent it from disintegrating in the cavity of the apparatus. The organized movement of the solid phase contributes to the intensification of heat transfer, increasing the specific productivity of the apparatus, eliminates contamination of secondary vapors and product loss and stabilizes the quality of the final product. The economic effect of the introduction, j reni single apparatus 60-70 thousand per year.

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Claims (2)

1. APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLUTIONS, comprising a horizontal cylindrical body with end caps, a heat exchanger jacket located on the outside of the body, a cylindrical rotor coaxially mounted in the body, screw input and output devices located at the ends of the rotor, scrapers, fixed stepwise along the helix on the rotor, and fittings for input and output of materials, characterized in that, in order to intensify the process by preventing the spread of solid matter on the inside housing, scrapers in cross section are biconcave. 2. Apparatus pop.1, featuring th and I with the fact that the scrapers are provided with ribs arranged the concentration _e Hex axle housing. ® ω