SU101917A1 - Executive body of tunneling machines - Google Patents

Description

The invention is an executive body of tunneling machines, for example, tunneling machines, drilling and boring machines, machines for driving shafts, etc., intended for mechanical discharge of rock.

Known actuators of tunneling machines, consisting of disks with teeth, mounted on shafts directed from the axis of generation in the form of radial rays and receiving simultaneous forced rotation around their axes and axis of generation during operation. Distinctive features of the invention, according to the invention, are the parallel arrangement of the disks relative to the direction of supply of the combine to the bottom and certain ratios of the main parameters of the body — the diameters of the disks and their distances from the axis of the machine, gear ratios of gears from the engine to the disks — ensuring the formation of deep on the bottom the concentric clefts of the rock spitting teeth, followed by breaking off the pillars between} - the cracks.

FIG. 1 shows the kinematic diagram of the actuator; in fig. 2-scheme action cloves.

Executive opi-an consists of two shafts / (fig. 1), installed in the form of rays perpendicular to the axis of production. The shafts with right and left teeth 3 are mounted on shafts with small holes and parallel to the axis of the workings. A central pickup 5 is placed on the front cone of the main shaft 4. Teeth 3 cut deep concentric slots into the bottom when the actuator rotates and feeds it to the bottom. The pillars left between the gaps are destroyed by the glue 6 mounted on the shafts / between the discs. The central part of the slaughter is destroyed by a zabzrnik 5.

The drive of the actuator, osun1, is guided through a reducer, on the main shaft 4 of which a bevel gear Za is attached, coupled with conical gear Zs and Zf gear mounted on shafts /. In addition, on the main shaft 4, the cylindrical gear Zs of the other gear is fixed, coupled with the satellites Zg and Zjo, rolling on the fixed gear rim ZD of internal gearing. Axis 7 satellites Zg and ZIQ are fixed on the carrier 8, the clips of which cover the shafts /. When the main shaft rotates 4 shafts /, and with them the disks

2 with teeth 3, with the help of gears, two rotations are obtained: relative around their axes with an angular velocity u) g. and portable around the axis of the main shaft with an angular velocity of 0); . By combining these two movements, the teeth 3 describe the epicycloidal trajectories, the transition most of the way to contact with the face, and coming into contact with it in small areas of the trajectory.

The adopted scheme of the gearbox, transmitting the movement from the main shaft 4 to the carrier 8 by means of a closed planetary gear and also a shaft / by means of an unclosed bevel gear ensures such a movement of the teeth along the epicycloid, in which the direction of their movement around the axes of the disks during their contact with the bottom hole is opposite to their direction movement around the axis of the main shaft, as a result of which the teeth act on the face in areas ab-b (Fig. 2) of the trajectory with the greatest curvature.

Gear ratios of planetary

Z: .Zn

gears and - as well as radii

The disks / and radii-distances R from them to the axis of the main shaft are chosen so that for each disk I observe R2, Z ,,

condition was given

In this case, the path of movement of the teeth takes the form of an elongated epicycloid, and the tooth comes into contact with the face at the ab-b section (Fig. 2), and the action of the clove is likened to the action of the pick. The destruction of a rock by teeth takes on the character of spallation rather than cutting, which gives a significant technical effect.

The above operation mode of the teeth, in which they move along elongated epicycloids and affect the face only in areas a-b (Fig. 2) of the greatest curvature of the trajectory, on this executive body can also be achieved with other schemes before; However, in all cases r, R and gear ratios must be chosen in such a way that the ratio

was smaller than relative

(„. And portable angular velocities -; -

teeth, and the direction of the relative movement of the tooth during its contact with the face was opposite to the direction of the portable movement.

Gear ratios

52ts

 and - an unequal integer is chosen, for example, 6.08, which excludes the possibility of the teeth on the bottom coinciding with the next turn of the carrier.

f Relationship is something for everyone

disks are constant, and the number of teeth on each disk increases in proportion to its radius r, which achieves equal speed of movement of the teeth relative to the bottom in areas a – b (Fig. 2) and equal loading of the teeth working in one slot.

In order to concentrate the power of the actuator of the executive body if the pressure force on the smallest number of teeth, the disks on each of the shafts are turned relative to each other at a certain angle so that the teeth fixed on different disks reach the bottom at different points in time. This provides the possibility of filing the executive body for the face with little effort, which can be carried out, for example, by a crawler track.

Item invented I1

Claims (6)

1. Executive organ-boring machines, naarimer, roadheaders ;; sabochno-boring machines, machines for shunting niaxT shafts, etc., consisting of disks with teeth fixed at intervals on shafts directed from the axis of generation in the form of radial rays and receiving, during operation, simultaneous forced rotations around their axes and the axis of generation, as well as a zaburnik, distinguished by the fact that, in order to cut deep concentric slots in the face, the shafts of the working discs are installed perpendicular to the axis of the main shaft, with present production axis, and the wheels are arranged parallel to this axis. 2. An executive organ of tunneling machines according to claim 1, characterized in that, in order to ensure movement of the zbki along an elongated epicycloid and affect them on the bottom only on the areas of greatest curvature of the trajectory, the radii r relative rotation of the teeth around the axes of the disks, the radii R of the portable rotation of the teeth around the axis of the main shaft, as well as gear ratios of gears, are chosen by TR in such a way that there was a smaller relative and portable angular ratio soon. .. stews, and the direction of relative movement of the clove during the period of its contact with the face was opposite to the direction of the portable movement. 3. The form of execution of the executive body of tunneling machines in PP. 1, 2, characterized by the use of a gearbox, transmitting movement from the main shaft to the carrier by means of a closed planetary gear and also to the shafts of the discs by means of an open conical planetary gear, in which the reductive numbers are planetary ne, 2 gears G and protrude so that their work big R than the ratio of the radii, which fixed to all disks. 4. The form of the execution of the executive body of tunneling machines in PP. 1-3, characterized in that, in order to achieve equality of the volume of rock destroyed by each dentate, and to avoid the possibility of a coincidence of dents traces, all. /. unraveling Zz. no integer, for example 6.08. 5. The form of execution of the executive body of tunneling machines in paragraphs. 1-4, characterized in that, with:. Gyu concentrating drive power and pressure force on the largest number of teeth, the disks of each shaft are rotated relative to each other around their axis so that the teeth fixed on different disks reach the bottom time points. 6. The executive body of tunneling machines in PP. 1-5, characterized in that in order to break off the pillars of the rock remaining on the bottom, bites are installed on the shafts between the disks. FIG. 2