SU1018964A1 - Cutting fluid for metal machining - Google Patents

Abstract

Lubricating fluid is a machining fluid, metals, containing water, triethanolamine, three sodium phosphate and sodium nitrite, characterized in that, in order to increase tool durability, the quality of the treated surface and improve sanitary and hygiene properties, the fluid additionally contains boric acid and waste water-alkaline solution obtained during the process of extracting the organic layer of cyclohexanone at the stage of oxidation of caprolactam production, in the following ratio of components,; wt .-%: Triethanolamine 0.2-0.4 Trisodium phosphate 0, 1-0.3 Sodium nitrite 0.1-0.4 Boric acid 0.3-0.5 Spent i in one-alkaline solution, (L-ray at npoNEJBKe organic layer cyclohexanone at the stage of oxidation of production of KA1, 5-3.0 Prolactam Water Else

Description

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The invention relates to cutting fluids (coolant) used for the machining of metals, in particular for blade processing and grinding of structural and tool materials.

Coolant for mechanical treatment of metals, known as 5% aqueous emulsions of standard emulsols Ukrinol-1 and - Emulsol ET-2 1, are known.

However, the known coolant have a low lubricity during cold processing of metals and durability of the cutting tool, the roughness class of the treated surface is also low.

In addition, these coolants cause allergies and irritation of the hands of workers.

The closest in composition to the present invention is a coolant C 2 for the machining of metals, having the following composition, wt.%: Borax, technical 0, 2-0.5 Triethanolamine or

 monoethanolamine 0,2-0,5 Sodium nitrite 0,2-0,5 Trisodium phosphate or disodium phosphate 0, 5-1,0

Soda soda 0, 2-0,5 Water. The rest However, the use of known coolant also does not provide high quality machined surfaces and durability of the cutting tool due to the absence of effective lubricating films in the cutting zone. In addition, soda ash in recommended amounts causes irritation of the skin of the hands of operating personnel.

The aim of the invention is to improve the durability of the cutting tool, the quality of the treated surfaces and the improvement of sanitary and hygienic properties.

The goal is achieved by the fact that a cutting fluid for machining of metals / containing water, triethanolamine, three. Sodium phosphate and sodium nitrite, additionally contains boric acid and spent aqueous alkaline solution / obtained during washing, of the organic layer of cyclohexaion at the stage of caprolactam production, in the following ratio of components / wt.%:

Triethanolamic 0,2-0 / 4

Trisodium Phosphate0 / 1-0 / 3

Sodium Nitrite 0 / 1-0 / 4

Boric acid 0.3-0.5 Spent water-alkaline solution, obtained by washing the organic layer of cyclohexanone at the stage of oxidation of caprolactam production, 1.5-3.0 Water Remaining The aqueous-alkaline solution, extracted from the oxidized cyclohexane layer, is mono- and dicarboxylic acids, cyclohexanone and cyclohexanol, a. also complex ether mono - and dicarboxylic acids and, in part, derivatives of aldehydes, has the following composition, wt.%:

Sodium salts of mono- and dicarbonic acids20-30

Cyclohexanol 0,15-0,3 Cyclohexanone 0.5-1.5 Alkali (caustic.

natr) up to 2

WaterEverything

Sodium salts of mono - and dicarboxylic acids have a complex acid composition, wt.%: Hydroxycaproic acid 30-45

Valerianova

acid. 14-17 Kapronova

acid5-7

Milky

acid1.7-1 / 9

Adipinova

acid 15-20

Amberna

acid2-3 / 5

Glutarova

acid2-3

Other Acids Others The said aqueous-alkaline solution is mainly sodium salts of mono- and icarboxylic acids (.ALCNC / which are highly effective surfactants. They have good ability to form molecular complexes with electron-donating molecules. This provides rapid screening of juvenile surfaces of metl 1pla / obls that produce active emission of electrons. As a result of this, dicarboxylic acids / interact in cutting NIN with oxidizing and; iron / form with them high-performance lubricant i films / reducing cutting forces and temperatures.

cutting temperatures decrease

. Not only due to the formation of an effective lubricating film, but due to

destructive decomposition of NSMDK in the cutting zone, accompanied by heat absorption.

All this contributes to improving tool durability, reducing the amount of scoring and improving the quality of the machined surface of parts.

Cyclohexanone and cyclohexanol increase the penetrating ability of the coolant to the cutting zone (through the capillaries and microtreated machined parts and tools), which increases its efficiency. NSMDKK is a component of coolant for operation at low cutting temperatures (200-300 0. To ensure that the lubricating film clearly functions in a wide range of cutting conditions, i.e., at higher temperatures (500 BOO C7, coolant added are boric acid and trisodium phosphate.

The introduction of boric acid into the coolant increases the rate of reaction of dicarboxylic acids with iron oxides and increases the effectiveness of the coolant. In addition, boric acid in the zone of increased loads and temperatures reacts with triethanolamine to form highly effective lubricating films.

Boric acid in the coolant is also a substance that regulates the pH; solution (pH, reducing alkalinity, it reduces the aggressiveness of the coolant to the skin of the hands of workers. Boric acid is a bactericide, which increases the shelf life of the coolant. Thus, boric acid improves the hygiene of the coolant.

0

Alkaline solution can be used as a lubricant cooling liquid without adding other ingredients, however, the application of coolant is accompanied by

5 its corrosive action and low efficiency when operating at elevated loads (temperatures and pressure in the cutting zone).

The proposed coolant get simple. by mixing KOMnoHeH 0 into its tap water at room temperature with continuous stirring for 5-10 minutes in the following sequence: triethanolamine, trisodium phosphate, sodium nitrite,

5 boric acid and aqueous hydrochloric solution. . .

According to the described technology, i were prepared the compositions of the coolant (DII-9, are presented in Table. 1.

0

Table

& | SHI conducted tests of the compositions of S1a1dkost compositions 1-5 in comparison with UKrinol-1 (Composition 6), selected as the base object, and the known composition 7, which has the following composition, weight,%:

Bura0,3

Triethanol "n0, 4

Nitrite.

rub 0,4

0.5

0.4

0.1

0.3

0.4 0,, 3 0.2 0.05

.0.5 0.3 0.4 0.05 0.4

0.6 0.2 0.5

Trinatriiphos

Fat.0,8

Soda ash 0, 4 Water Up to 100 The purpose of the test was curly: set the roughness class of the treated surface, as well as the tool durability when using the coolant data. In addition, it was necessary to determine the optimal weight limits of the components of the proposed Sozh DNI-9. As well as its optimal composition.

The following test mode was used during the test.

When turning: equipment - turning screw cutter mod. 1K62; cutting tool - cutter, material Р6М5; cutting speed - 50 m / min; feed - 0,095 mm / rev; cutting depth - 1 mm.

The coolant in the cutting zone was supplied by irrigation, the coolant flow rate was 3.5 l / min. The roughness measurement of the treated surfaces was carried out according to GOST 2789-73 using a mod profilometer. 253. The material to be processed is AS35G2 steel.

When drilling: equipment - radial drilling machine mod. 5Н55 cutting tool - drill with a diameter of 5 mm, material Р6М5; processed material - steel 40HGNM

The durability of the drill was determined by the number of machined holes until it was blunt (a drill wear criterion of 0.3 mm at the corners). Coolant was supplied to the cutting zone with watering; Coolant flow rate - 3.5 L / MIN} cutting speed - 23/5 m / mi; submission - 6.08 Gl / oh depth of drilling - 20 mm.

Comparative data of the operational and technological properties of coolant during steel turning and drilling are presented in Table. 2

Table 2

Claims (1)

Cutting lubricant for machining metals, containing water, triethanolamine, tri-sodium phosphate and sodium nitrite, characterized in that, in order to increase tool life, surface quality and improve sanitary and hygienic properties, the liquid additionally contains boric acid and the spent aqueous-alkaline solution obtained by washing the organic layer of cyclohexanone at the oxidation stage of caprolactam production, with the following ratio of components: wt .-%: Triethanolamine 0.2-0.4 Trisodium phosphos veil 0.1-0.3 Sodium nitrite 0.1-0.4 Boric acid 0.3-0.5 Spent • water alkaline solution ι radiated at cl firmware upgrade TO- layer from cyclohexanone on one oxidation stage g production of ka- prolactam 1.5-3.0 Water Rest > Boric acid Spent aqueous-alkaline solution obtained by washing the organic layer of cyclohexanone at the oxidation stage of caprolactam production Water < Aqueous alkaline solution, ί oxidized cyclohexane layer, cycloa. also 0.3-0.5