SU1099193A1 - Vortex tube - Google Patents

Abstract

1. VORTEX PIPE, containing a cooled energy separation chamber with nozzle inlet, made in the form of a package of alternating diaphragms and col .- ;;; :: ::: washers, characterized in that, in order to increase thermodynamic efficiency, holes were made in the washers coaxially spaced at the same distance from the axis of the chamber, and tangential channels connected to these holes and led out onto the inner surface of the washers, and the perforations in the diaphragms are coaxial with the holes of the washers having a diameter smaller than the diameter of the latter, and the width of the tangential channels in the puck furthest from the nozzle inlet is equal to the diameter of the holes made in it.

Description

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1099193

2. A pipe according to Claim 1, distinguishing between 0.5 and 0.7 times the diameter of the holes of the washers, so that the perforations in the diaphragms have a diameter, the invention relates to special means of vortex gas cooling, and more specifically to an air device cooling the process zone when assembling objects of the aerospace industry in conditions of inadmissibility of release from the apparatus of a hot stream and, mainly, in the absence of a liquid heat carrier (water) for heat removal from the periphery of the vortex flow. . Vortex tubes are known with a nozzle inlet and parallel-mounted annular diaphragms at the cooled hot end, in the gaps between which annular washers are placed, having an inner diameter larger than that of the orifice holes (1. The lack of vortex tubes of this type is incomplete use of the available surface of internal ribbing due to the stagnation of hot gas 6 narrow gaps between the washers, which leads to a decrease in heat transfer from the peripheral hot to the p to the diaphragms and further to the cooling medium. The tube vortex tube containing a cooled energy separation chamber with a nozzle inlet, made in the form of a packet alternating; cix diaphragms and annular perforations. The perforation of this vortex tube is made on the outer side of the diaphragm and allows moisture to be removed from the energy separation chamber. This improves the heat transfer conditions from the peripheral vortex flow to the diaphragms due to the additional circulation between the washers in the not distant from the axis of the vortex tube more than 2-3 times its radius. However, this improvement is not large, the attaining increase in the specific cooling capacity does not exceed 10% of the cooling capacity of vortex tubes with non-perforated washers.

and increasing away from nozzle entry. The purpose of the invention is to further increase the thermodynamic efficiency of the vortex tube by intensifying heat transfer at the diaphragms in the zone adjacent to the perforation. The goal is achieved by the fact that in a vortex tube containing a cooled energy separation chamber with a nozzle inlet, made in the form of a package of alternating diaphragms and ring washers, in the washers there are holes coaxially located at the same distance from the chamber axis, and tangential channels connected to this openings on the inner surface of the washers, and perforations in the diaphragms are placed coaxially with the openings of the washers having a diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the latter, and the width of the tangential channels in Lee remote from the nozzle entering the washer equals the diameter of holes formed therein. In this case, the perforations in the diaphragms have a diameter of 0.50, 7 diameters of the holes of the washers and increasing away from the nozzle inlet. Figure 1 shows a vortex tube in section, a general view; Fig. 2 shows an embodiment of the washers and diaphragms; Fig. 3 shows another embodiment of the washers and diaphragms. The vortex tube contains a cooled energy separation chamber 1 with a nozzle inlet 2, made in the form of a packet of alternating diaphragms 3 and ring washers 4. In the washers 4 there are holes 5 coaxially spaced at equal distances from the axis of the chamber 1, and tangential channels 6 connected to these holes 5 and the washers 4 brought to the inner surface, and the perforation 7 in the diaphragms are placed coaxially with the holes 5 of the washers 4 having a diameter of the latter’s inner diameter and the tangential channels 6 31 in the most distant from The inlet washer is equal to the diameter of the holes 5 made therein. The perforations 7 in the diaphragms 3 have a diameter of 0.5-0.7 times the diameter of the holes 5 of the washers 4 and increasing away from the nozzle inlet 2. The cooled stream is withdrawn through the nozzle 8. The vortex tube works as follows. The compressed gas supplied to the nozzle entry acquires a vortex character of movement and, in the form of a hot peripheral vortex, moves from the nozzle inlet 2 along the inner strip of the chamber of the energy separation. Peripheral layers of the vortex flow wash the inner surface of the diaphragms 3, transfer their heat to them and through tangential channels 6 in washers 4 enter peripheral vortex chambers formed by holes 5 in washers 4 and holes of perforation 7 in diaphragms 3. Here, under the action of high-speed The pressure of the peripheral gas layers forms a secondary vortex having a rotation frequency greater than the vortex in the cavity of the hot end due to the fact that the diameter of the hole 5 in washers A is less than their internal diameter (according to the law of conservation of momentum). As a result of the secondary vortex effect, the temperature of the peripheral gas layers increases, which, with an increased frequency of their rotation, improves heat removal from them to the diaphragms in the zone adjacent to the perforation holes 7. The cooled axial gas layers under the action of the gradient of the pressure moves through the holes in diaphragms 3 in the direction from the nozzle 93-4 entry 1. As you move towards the gas, new portions of the holes 5 are mixed in. An increase in the diameter of the perforations 7 in the diaphragms 3 corresponds to an increase in the gas volume flow, ing reaching most remote from the nozzle entering the washer 2 through the channels it enters the separation chamber energy cavity. Here, the gas cooled in the additional vortex chambers forms an axial vortex that moves towards the hot peripheral vortex, as a result of the vortex process of energy separation it lowers its temperature and is led out of the vortex tube through the nozzle of the cold stream 8. This invention allows to intensify the process of heat transfer from the periphery of the vortex to the diaphragms by organizing additional vortex chambers and secondary energy separation of the peripheral gas layers in them; form an axial vortex moving towards the peripheral vortex in the energy separation chamber, from the gas cooled in the additional vortex chambers; as a result, more fully utilize the energy of pressure and rotation of the hot peripheral vortex, and increase the thermodynamic efficiency of the vortex process of energy separation. The equidistance of the holes maintains the axial symmetry of the vortex tube and the uniform distribution of heat flow over the surface of the diaphragms. The economic effect of introducing eight vortex tubes is 10488 rubles.

FIG. 2

FIG. five

Claims (2)

1 . Vortex tube containing a cooled energy separation chamber with a nozzle inlet, made in the form of a package of alternating diaphragms and ring washers, characterized in that, in order to increase thermodynamic efficiency, holes were made in the washers coaxially located at the same distance from the camera axis, and tangential channels connected to these holes and brought out 'on the inner surface of the washers, and the perforations in the diaphragms are aligned with the holes of the washers having a diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the washers ice, and the width of the tangential channels in the washer farthest from the nozzle inlet is equal to the diameter of the holes made in it. jg Figure 1 2. The pipe according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the perforations in the diaphragms have a diameter of 0.5-0.7 of the diameter of the holes of the washers and increasing to the side of the nozzle inlet.