SU1091872A1 - Arrangement for loosening and soil fumigation - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A DEVICE FOR DRILLING AND FUMIGATION OF THE SOIL, containing a frame with leashes on which a prism with injecting needles having longitudinal through channels is installed on the axis, and a mechanism for moving the needles, characterized in that, in order to increase the quality of loosening and fumigation, each leash made in the form of a hinged frame on the frame with double-sided gear racks in the groove, while on the axis of the prism are installed interacting with the rails and hollow shafts, with one end of each of the hollow shafts connected to the bristles, and nother coupled to the prism axis by a helical spring. 2. A device according to claim 1, characterized in that the prism is made triangular with rounded edges, and on the facets of it are mounted ground gears.

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery and is intended for loosening the night with simultaneous application of fumigicides and fertilizers. A device intended for loosening and fumigating the soil is known, comprising a frame with leads and injection slides mounted on frame 1. It is also known a device for loosening and fumigating the soil, comprising a frame with leads on which an axis is mounted with injector needles having the hydrodynamic through channels, and the mechanism for moving the needles 2. The drawbacks of the known devices are the increased dimensions of the ripper, the absence of the needle bearing surface when introducing it into the soil, the breakthrough of the needle direct material into the needle area. All this leads to a decrease in the quality of loosening and fumigation. The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of loosening and fumigation. The goal is achieved by the fact that in the device for loosening and fumigating the soil each lead is made in the form of a hinged frame on the frame with double-sided toothed racks in the groove, while the axes of the prism are installed interacting with the rails and hollow shafts, and one end of each hollow shaft is connected to the bristles, and the other is connected to the axis of the prism by means of a coil spring. In addition, the prism is made triangular with rounded edges, and night grousers are installed on its faces. FIG. 1 shows a device for loosening and fumigating a night; in fig. 2 section A-A in FIG. one; in fig. 3 is a section BB in FIG. 2; in fig. 4 shows a section B-B in FIG. 2; in fig. 5 is a section DD in FIG. 2; in fig. 6 is a kinematic diagram of soil loosener; in fig. 7 is a diagram of a periodic supply of compressed air and fumigants to the longitudinal channel of the injection needle; in fig. 8 - zones of soil loosening with compressed air in the longitudinal-vertical plane; in fig. 9 - zones of fumigation of soil with compressed air in the longitudinal-vertical plane; in fig. 10 zones of amelioration in the soil with compressed air in the longitudinal-vertical plane. The device for loosening and fumigating the soil consists of a frame 1, which is hingedly connected to a link-driver 2, BI In the filled in the form of two rigidly connected parallel wings 3 and 4, to drive the mechanism of embedding 5 of the injection and | Mechanism for the accumulation of mechanical energy 7. The injection needle 6 and these exchange-1 mechanisms in the triangular prism 8, which is installed in the link of the link 2, one part of the triangular prism 8 rests on the axis 9. to which the horizontal sliders 10 are fixed, the cuts of the wings 4, and the second part rests on the shaft 11, which is hingedly connected to the slide of the wings 12, installed in the slits of the wings 3. The injection needle 6 is mounted on the sliding slide 13, provided with a slit that allows vertical movement of the vertical axis mounted on the axis 9 fixed slider 14. A fixed valve 15 is attached to the fixed slider 14, which is connected to the pipelines with a longitudinal channel of axis 9 and with a channel of the injection needle 6. With such an installation, the stem of the valve 15 can copy the geometric angle NOSTA notch in the movable slide 13. For fiksaP .II movable crosshead 13 in an upper position after pulling the needle 6 NZ soil in the slide retainer 14 is mounted scharikovy. The mechanism of the periodic zag: 1gr 5 of the needle 6 consists of a toothed rack 16. mounted on a slider 13. A toothed rack 16 is connected to a gear 17 mounted on the shaft 11. One end of the shaft 11 is located in the bore of the fixed slider 14, and the second rests on the slide slide, body which is connected to the frame of a triangular prism 8. On the departure of the shaft 1 there is a hollow shaft 18, on which the freewheel sleeves 19 and 20 are located, which are connected to 1 external 21 and 22, transmitting rotation in two directions. The gears 21 and 22 are non-periodically hooked: 1, with a double-sided gear 23 attached to the gate 3 and transmitting a torque Ba.iy 11 through the ratchet clutch 24. The accumulation mechanism of mechanical energy 7 consists of a gear rack 25 attached to the wings 4 and mounted on the axis 9 of the hollow shaft 26, which is connected to the clamp 27 and C1 spring 28, which has a rigidly connected drum with the axis 9. To press the three-prism prism to the soil, the wings 3 and 4 are connected to the loading springs 29. attached to frame 1. For skid restraint prisms on the soil of its face are connected to the drawers 30. A compressor 31 and a receiver 32 are connected to the injection needle 6 on the tractor frame, and the receiver 32 is connected to the longitudinal channel of the axis 9 via a pipe 33. In the embodiment of this device for fumigation and introduction of ameliorants A tank 34 is installed in the soil on the frame 1 and connected to the main line 33 of the compressed air through the cleaning filter 35, valve 36 and check valve 37. A device for loosening and fumigating the soil works the following way. At the beginning of the working stroke, the triangular prism 8 is in the left extreme position of link 2. When the tractor moves, link 2 moves and the lower part of the double-sided rack 23 engages with gear 21, which transmits a steeply sharp moment to the driving gear 17 of the mechanism of embedding 5 through a freewheel coupling 19, a hollow shaft 18, and a ratchet coupling 24. The gear 17 acts on the rack rail 16 and inserts the needle 6 into the soil. At the end of the deepening period of the needle 6 into the soil, the slider 13 presses the rod of the clanan 15 and compressed air is supplied through the pipeline and the longitudinal channel of the needle 6 to the singing head or to the holes at the end of the needle and loosens the soil. After the needle 6 is completely buried in the soil, the link 2 continues to move and the upper part of the double-sided rack engages with gear 22, which transmits torque to gear 17, and slider 13 pulls the needle out of the soil. In the extreme upper position, the slider 13 is fixed with a ball spring retainer on the fixed slider 14. When the needle is pulled out of the soil, the rack 25, mounted on the gate 3, acts on the gear 27 and twists the helical spring 28 connected to the axis 9 through the hollow shaft 26. At the end of the period the needle is pulled out of the soil, the triangular prism 8 is in the extreme right position. In this position, the prism 8 is spring-pressed to the soil, the priming prism restricts its sliding over the soil, and the link 2, further moving, creates a torque relative to the reference face of the prism and raises it to a rounded edge. This reduces the shoulder between the center of gravity of the prism and the axis of tilting. As a result, the moment that presses the three-sided prism to the ground decreases, and the prism is turned to another face. When the prism is raised on a rounded edge, the stone of the scenes 10 begins to slip in the slot of the scenes 4 and moves the prism to the left extreme position, and the mechanism of accumulation of mechanical energy 7 increases the moment of tilting and the speed of movement of the prism 8, transferring the twisting moment to the gear wheel 2 /, which moves on a rack 2Гх. When the prism is moved to the initial position, gears 21 and 22 turn in clutches of freedom-south course 19 and 20 i, the needle 6 remains in a fixed upper position. If the triangular prism encounters an obstacle and the stones do not slip to their original position, then the hollow shaft 18 with 1 org mn turns in the safety ratchet clutch 24 and the link 2 moves to the left and turns the nose to another face. When using this device for loosening compacted soil at a depth of needle up to 40 cm, compressed air can loosen the soil within a radius of 0.4-0.6 m with an interval from 1 to 1.5 m. Compared to the surface cultivators, the proposed device does not destroy upper | the soil layer is in the course of movement of the tractor, and forms punctures with a diameter of 20 mm with an interval from 1 to 1.5 m. This allows this device to be used to restore the soil properties of the meadows. In comparison with the known ones, this device is characterized by an increased zone of soil loosening and requires less energy to move the tractor. Compared with the known soil fumigators, in which the doprovods are mounted on plow cutting knives or on loosening paws of the ripper plow, this device introduces potent fumes into the soil locally and does not destroy its surface layer. This reduces the evaporation of potent poisons from the soil, and pressing the bearing face of a triangular prism against the soil during the introduction of fumigants into it increases the area of effect and the efficiency of fumigation. When using this device for fumigating the soil, it is advisable to reduce the working air pressure from 0.3 to 0.5 D1Pa to reduce the release of pre-chemicals to the soil surface. The proposed device for loosening and fumigating the soil is important in folk farms and can be used for loosening the soil, for loosening with simultaneous amelioration into the soil and for fumigating the soil. When introducing the invention, the economic effect during the cultivation of winter wheat will be 313 p / 100 ha due to an increase in yield by 2-3% per hectare.

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Claims (2)

1. A device for loosening and fumigating soil, containing a frame with leashes, on which a prism with injection needles having longitudinal through channels, and a mechanism for moving needles, characterized in that, in order to improve the quality of loosening and fumigation, are each the leash is made in the form of a link pivotally mounted on the frame with double-sided gear racks in the groove, while the gears and hollow shafts interacting with the racks are mounted on the axis of the prism, with one end of each of the hollow shafts connected to the gear and the other connected to the axis of the prism by means of a spiral spring. 2. The device according to π. 1, characterized in that the prism is made trihedral with rounded ribs, and on its faces mounted pochazatsepa.