SK502005A3 - Multi-raw material co-production of bioethanol - Google Patents

Abstract

Bioethanol production using a multi-raw material co-production method uses sugar and starch raw materials, or cellulose and hemicellulose. In addition to fuel bioethanol, products based on unmodified and modified starch, carbon dioxide and feed are produced from the raw materials. Feed, fertilizers and biofuels for energy use are produced from unused plant parts, raw materials and process waste. Water is recycled in the process and biogas from water purification is used for energy. Biosludge is used for the production of fertilizers. The facility also serves for the processing and use of external inputs.

Description

Tľ ΪΌ-ΖΟΟΪ

Via c-raw new co-production bioethanol production

Technical field

The present invention relates to a multi-raw co-production process for the production of bioethanol, an apparatus for this process and its use.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

In the prior art technologies for the production of ethanol by fermentation of natural sugars, plant parts containing various types of carbohydrates are used as raw materials, including dominant monosaccharides (eg grapes, fruit), disaccharides (eg sugar beet, cane, sweet milk whey) and polysaccharides, in particular starch, cellulose and hemicellulose (eg potatoes, maize, grain, wood, straw). These bioethanol technologies mostly use one type of raw material, respectively. raw materials with the same dominant type of carbohydrates. By-products resulting from the ethanol production process, such as distillate stillage and waste parts from the treatment of raw materials (husks, leached off cuttings, husks, etc.) have a low variety in terms of nutritional content, respectively. they contain an increased concentration of specific substances and to be fed it is necessary to mix them with other types of feed, which at higher amounts causes capacity problems and thus become less valuable product usable only as organic fertilizer or bio-waste. At the same time, the use of other parts of the plants from which the raw materials originate is most often limited to incorporation into the soil as an organic component, the energy needed to produce bioethanol being obtained from classical exhaustible sources (natural gas, coal, nuclear energy, etc.) without or with minimal use of biomass. The dependence of the technology on the raw material and energy as well as the production of by-products and their usability considerably determines the cost and economic effect of production.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The disadvantages of the prior art are overcome by the solution of bioethanol production by fermentation of the carbohydrate mash according to the invention, according to which the carbohydrate mash is prepared alternately or simultaneously from at least one raw material containing at least 1 wt. % sucrose in the dry matter, for example sugar beet, and at least one feedstock containing at least 1 wt. % starch, for example potatoes and / or corn and / or cereals, and at least one feedstock containing at least 1 wt. % cellulose and / or hemicellulose.

From at least 0.1% of a feedstock containing at least 1 wt. % starch, at least one product based on unmodified starch, for example industrial or food starch, and / or modified starch, for example isoglucose, cross-linked starch, degraded starch, oxidized starch or starch ester, is produced.

From at least 0.1% of a feedstock containing at least 1 wt. % of starch a binder for biofuels, preferably cellulose or hemicellulose based biofuels, for example wood or straw briquettes, is produced.

Livestock feed, such as composted feed containing cereal husks, corn husk and leached sugar beet extracts, preferably containing stillage from the fermented mash distillation, is produced from the waste parts of the feedstock.

From above-ground parts of plants and / or waste parts of raw material with a water content of less than 20 wt. At least 10% of the heat, preferably in the form of steam and / or electrical energy used to produce bioethanol and starch-based products, is produced, for example corn sticks, husks, herbs, cereal straw and chaff.

Water used or produced in the production of bioethanol, starch and feed products shall be recycled at least 90% after treatment and purification, the biogas resulting from anaerobic purification being used to generate thermal energy and from the resulting biocal, possibly enriched with phosphorus and nitrogen , for example from animal sludge, to produce fertilizer.

The bioethanol production plant according to the invention (Fig. 1) consists of a sugar beet processing plant with intermediate storage 1, comprising washing troughs and grates 11, a beet cutter 12, a diffusion plant 13 and a sugar juice collecting tank 14, further comprising a potato processing plant with intermediate storage 2 comprising a potato scrubber 21, a potato peeler 22 and a potato cutter 23. It further comprises a corn treatment plant with intermediate storage 3. comprising a corn mill 31, preferably for wet milling. It further comprises a grain treatment plant with an intermediate storage 4 comprising a grain mill, preferably for wet milling. Optionally, the apparatus also comprises a wood chip preparation plant with intermediate storage 5 and a straw and shale preparation plant with intermediate storage 6. The apparatus further comprises a hydrolysis plant 7, a non-hydrolyzed fraction separator 7Ί and collecting tanks 72 for preparing, separating and storing glucose juice. It further comprises a fermentation-distillation ethanol unit 8 for fermenting diluted sugar and / or glucose juice, comprising a separation portion 81 for obtaining an aqueous ethanol concentrate, a drainage section 82 for ethanol concentration and dewatering, and a storage section 83 for bioethanol. Further, the apparatus comprises a starch unit 9 comprising a portion for producing unmodified starch 91 and a portion for producing modified starch 92. Further, the apparatus comprises a unit for recovering liquid carbon dioxide from fermentation 811, a mechanical-biological wastewater treatment plant with an anaerobic hood 100 for biogas recovery and recycling. water, a distillate stillage separator 101, and a feed mixing and finalizing unit 102 for processing the waste stream from the feedstock treatment.

The apparatus according to the invention may comprise a cogeneration power unit for burning biofuels 103 for steam and electric energy production.

The bioethanol production device according to the invention can be used for material and energy utilization of raw materials and plant parts, concentration, purification and dewatering of alcohol and processing of intermediates and products such as carbohydrate juice, molasses and flour from other production facilities.

The process and apparatus of the invention can be used to simultaneously produce bioethanol intended as biofuel for vehicles and energy generators and starch based products such as technical starch, modified starches (degraded, hydrolyzed, oxidized and crosslinked starches, starch esters and ethers) for use mainly in the textile, paper and food industries, as well as in the production of biodegradable materials.

The advantage of the solution according to the invention is mainly that in the simultaneous production of fuel bioethanol and starch-based products, all raw material components and plant parts with compatible transport logistics are used, production has direct and indirect environmental impacts in support of the natural ecological carbon cycle. Supported multisectoral land management with full economic use, the process recycles water and saves energy produced in the production of high value added products, and also reduces the cost of building separate facilities for the production of these products.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

In FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a bioethanol production device according to the invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

An example of a method and apparatus for multi-raw bioethanol production with co-production of starch-based products, feed, fertilizers, carbon dioxide, biogas, on-site CHP and water recycling is shown in the flow chart of FIG. First

The apparatus consists of a sugar beet processing plant with intermediate storage 1, comprising washing troughs and grates 11, a beet cutter 12, a diffusion device 13 and a sugar juice collecting tank 14, further comprising a potato processing plant with intermediate storage 2 including a potato scrubber 21, a potato peeler 22 and The apparatus further comprises a maize treatment unit with an intermediate storage comprising a corn grinding mill 31 for wet milling and a grain processing unit with an intermediate storage including a grain mill, preferably also for a wet grinding to increase safety and increase the starch yield. The plant consists of a wood chip treatment plant with intermediate storage 5 and a straw and shale treatment plant with intermediate storage 6. cellulose molasses from units 2 to 6 leads to a hydrolysis device 7, a non-hydrolyzed fraction separator 7Ί and collecting tanks 72 for preparing, separating and storing glucose juice. Further, the apparatus comprises a fermentation-distillation ethanol unit 8 for fermenting diluted sugar and / or glucose juice, comprising a separation portion 81 for obtaining an aqueous ethanol concentrate, a drainage section 82 for ethanol concentration and dewatering, and a storage section 83 for bioethanol. A portion of the starch molasses or cellulose molasses is fed to a starch unit 9 comprising a portion for producing unmodified starch 91 (technical food starch) and a portion for producing modified starch 92 (isoglucose syrup, cross-linked starch and starch acetate). Further, the apparatus comprises a liquid and solid carbon dioxide recovery unit from fermentation 811, a mechanical-biological wastewater treatment plant with an anaerobic digestor 100 for biogas recovery and water recycling, a distillate stillage separator 101, and a feed mixing and finalizing unit 102 for waste fraction treatment. treatment of raw materials. The apparatus includes a cogeneration power unit for burning biofuels 103 (such as corn sticks, husks, herbs, cereal straw and husks, bonded with a starch binder) to produce steam and electricity for the entire production and provide heat to the surrounding residential and office buildings.

The equipment is also used for the material and energy utilization of starch and sugar raw materials and plant parts, as well as for the concentration, purification and dewatering of alcohol supplied from small production plants. It is also used to process intermediates and products such as carbohydrate juice, molasses and flour from other production facilities.

Industrial usability

The invention is particularly useful for mass production of fuel bioethanol, starch and modified starch, carbon dioxide, feed and fertilizer products.

Claims (9)

PATENT CLAIMS Process for producing bioethanol by fermentation of a carbohydrate mash, characterized in that the carbohydrate mash is prepared alternately or simultaneously from at least one feedstock containing at least 1 wt. % sucrose in the dry matter, for example sugar beet, and at least one feedstock containing at least 1 wt. % starch, for example potatoes and / or corn and / or cereals, and at least one feedstock containing at least 1 wt. % cellulose and / or hemicellulose. 2. The process for producing bioethanol according to claim 1, characterized in that from at least 0.1% of a feedstock containing at least 1 wt. % starch, at least one product based on unmodified starch, for example industrial or food starch, and / or modified starch, for example isoglucose, cross-linked starch, degraded starch, oxidized starch or starch ester, is produced. 3. The process for producing bioethanol according to claim 1, characterized in that from at least 0.1% of a feedstock containing at least 1 wt. % of starch, a binder for biofuels, preferably cellulose or hemicellulose based biofuels, for example wood or straw briquettes, is produced. 4. A process for producing bioethanol according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that livestock feed is produced from the waste parts of the raw material, for example mixed composted feed containing cereal husks, corn grain husks and leached sugar beet shavings, preferably containing stillage. from the distillation of the fermented mash. A process for producing bioethanol according to Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that from above-ground parts of plants and / or waste parts of raw material with a water content of less than 20 wt. At least 10% of the heat, preferably in the form of steam and / or electrical energy used to produce bioethanol and starch-based products, is produced, for example corn sticks, husks, herbs, cereal straw and chaff. 6. The process for producing bioethanol according to claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the water used or produced in the production of bioethanol, starch-based products and feed is recycled after treatment and purification at least 90%, the biogas resulting from anaerobic purification being it is used to produce thermal energy, and fertilizer is produced from the resulting biocal sludge, if necessary enriched with phosphorus and nitrogen, for example from animal sludge. A plant for the production of bioethanol according to Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it consists of a sugar beet processing plant with an intermediate storage (1), comprising washing troughs and grates (11), a beet cutter (12), a diffusion device (13) and a sugar juice tank (14), further comprising a potato treatment plant with an intermediate storage (2) comprising a potato washing machine (21), a potato peeler (22) and a potato cutter (23), further comprising a corn processing plant with an intermediate storage (3) including a mill for maize (31), preferably for wet milling, further comprising a grain treatment plant with an intermediate storage (4) comprising a grain mill, preferably for wet milling, optionally also consisting of a wood chip processing plant with an intermediate storage (5) and a straw and shale treatment plant with an intermediate storage (6), further comprising a hydrolysis device (7), a non-hydrolyzed fraction separator (71) and a collection tank (72) for preparing, separating and storing glucose juice, further comprising: an ethanol fermentation distillation unit (8) for fermenting the diluted sugar and / or glucose juice and separating and purifying the ethanol, comprising a separation portion (81) for obtaining an aqueous ethanol concentrate, a drainage portion (82) for concentrating and dewatering the ethanol and a storage portion (83) ) for bioethanol, further comprising a starch unit (9) comprising a portion for producing unmodified starch (91) and a portion for producing modified starch (92), further comprising units for recovering liquid or solid carbon dioxide from fermentation (811), a mechanical-biological wastewater treatment plant with an anaerobic hood (100) for biogas recovery and water recycling, a distillate stillage separator (101), and a feed mixing and finalizing unit (102) for processing the waste portions of the feedstock treatment. A plant for the production of bioethanol according to Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it comprises a cogeneration unit for the combustion of biofuels (103) for producing steam and electricity. 9. The bioethanol production plant referred to in points 7 and 8 is used for the material and energy recovery of raw materials and plant parts, for concentrating, purifying and dewatering alcohol and for processing intermediate products and products such as carbohydrate juice, molasses and flour coming from other production facilities.